Know the Score

1
Know the Score

1. What are drugs?
2. How drugs work
3. Main types of drugs
4. Drug classes
5. Drug effects
6. A-Z about drugs

2
What are drugs?

• A drug is any natural or artificially made
  chemical which is taken for pleasure and that
  affects your body.
• Drugs like cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine, speed,
  heroin, LSD and magic mushrooms are illegal. But
  many are legal like alcohol, headache tablets,
  cigarettes and glue.
• Drugs affect lots of people's lives. Even legal
  drugs can be dangerous when people become
  addicted to them, like alcohol or smoking.

3
How Drugs Work

• All drugs (including alcohol and tobacco) affect
  the brain. Different drugs have different effects
  and the same drug can have very different effects
  at different times, depending on its purity and
  the person's emotional mood, health,
  circumstances and surroundings.
• Drugs may be more harmful for young people
  because their bodies and brains are still
  developing.
• Some drugs are more addictive than others. And
  some people are much more likely than others to
  become addicted.

4
Main Types of Drugs

• Drugs can be grouped into three main types
• Uppers - Also known as 'stimulants'. Drugs like
  speed, ecstasy and cocaine speed the body up and
  are extremely dangerous.
• Downers - Also known as 'depressants'. Drugs like
  heroin, alcohol and solvents slow the body down
  and can be very dangerous if mixed together.
• Hallucinogens - Hallucinogenic drugs, like acid
  and magic mushrooms, alter the way you see, hear
  and feel things.

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What are class A, B and C drugs?

• Illegal drugs are put into three different
  classes - A, B, and C.
• Class A drugs are considered to be the most
  harmful and attract the most serious punishments
  and fines.

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Class A drugs

• These include heroin, cocaine, ecstasy and LSD.
• If found guilty of possessing Class A drugs you
  could go to prison for up to 7 years and fined.
• If you sell Class A drugs you could receive a
  life imprisonment.

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Class B drugs

• These include
• amphetamines such as
• speed and barbiturates.
• People found guilty of possessing a Class B drug
  could go to jail for up to 5 years and be fined.
• Those caught and found guilty of trafficking a
  Class B drug can be sent to prison for up to 14
  years.

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Class C drugs

• Drugs in this category include cannabis,
  tranquillisers and anabolic steroids.
• Maximum penalties for possession are 2 years in
  jail plus an unlimited fine.
• Dealing or supplying could get you 14 years in
  jail plus an unlimited fine.

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What can drugs do to your body?

• Illegal drugs can cause things like
  hallucinations, sickness, depression, liver and
  kidney problems and fits.
• Some illegal drugs can kill the first time the
  person takes them.
• Taking too much of any drug is called an
  overdose. A serious overdose of almost any drug
  can kill you.

10
Which drugs are against the law?

• Drugs like heroin, cocaine, ecstasy and cannabis
  are all illegal. People who take them, sell them
  or are found with drugs on them are breaking the
  law and could be arrested by the police and sent
  to prison.

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Which drugs are dangerous?

• All drugs, whether legal or illegal, can be
  dangerous.
• Some drugs can hurt people suddenly. An illegal
  drug called ecstacy, for example, kills 60 people
  a year in the UK.
• But smoking and drinking too much alcohol can
  also kill you. Alcohol is said to cause more than
  25,000 deaths a year.
• 120,000 people die every year from diseases
  caused by smoking.

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Effects of Drugs

• Different drugs are taken for different effects.
  Drugs are split into
• three general groups (what are they?) Some
  examples are
• Drug group Stimulants (Uppers)
• Drug Amphetamine, Cocaine
• Effects Increase energy, activity, heart rate,
  blood pressure.
• Drug group Depressants (Downers)
• Drug Alcohol, Heroin, Solvents
• Effects Relieves anxiety and tension. Calms
  users and slows them down. High doses can make
  users drowsy and forgetful.
• Drug group Hallucinogens
• Drug Cannabis, LSD, Magic mushrooms
• Effects Cause hallucinations.

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Drug name Cannabis

• Group Hallucinogen
• Street name marijuana/ bongo/ weed/ grass/ pot/
  thai sticks/ hash/ reefer/ blow/ draw
• What it looks like tobacco-like greenish or
  brownish leaves mixed with seeds of the cannabis
  (hemp) plant. Cannabis resin or hash is gummy
  brownish or black substance, which is made into a
  powder or pressed into slabs or cakes. Hashish is
  smoked or eaten. Cannabis oil or hash oil is a
  liquid extracted from either the dried plant
  material or the resin.
• Immediate effects Users feel relaxed and may
  have sharper sense of colours and sounds. Some
  feel urge to eat. If taken in food, effects can
  be stronger and harder to control.

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How does it affect users?

• How is it taken?
• Can be smoked or cooked and eaten with food or
  brewed in tea.
• Symptoms bloodshot eyes, giggling, hunger,
  paranoid feelings
• Cannabis can make users feel relaxed and
  sometimes euphoric. Users may also experience a
  more vivid sense of sight, smell, taste, hearing,
  colours and sounds. Some feel urge to eat. If
  taken in food, effects can be stronger and harder
  to control.
• Glossary bloodshot ??????? ??????
• giggling to laugh nervously or foolishly
  ?????????

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Risks

• Short-term Damages ability to learn and carry
  out many tasks,including driving vehicles.
  Impairs ability to concentrate and conduct
  complex tasks. Can lead to tiredness and lack of
  motivation

• Long term Regular heavy use can lead to
  paranoia, schizophrenia /,sk?ts?frini?/
  psychosis /sa?k??s?s/, depression and anxiety
  /æ?za??ti /. Smoked with tobacco leads to lung
  cancer and bronchitis /br??ka?t?s/. Very heavy
  use can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Regular
  users of cannabis lose interest to work, study
  and personal relationships.

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Paraphernalia

• Paraphernalia may include
• Marijuana is rolled in cigarettes commonly known
  as joints.
• Hashish is smoked in small pipes or water pipes,
  cigarettes, rollings, plastic bags, clips (roach
  clips), scales bongs
• Legal status Class C

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Drug name Cocaine

• Group Stimulant
• Street name coke, charlie, snow, C, toot, flake,
  blow, Bazooka, Cake, Coke, Lady
• What it looks like and how it's taken Cocaine is
  a white powder that is snorted or dissolved and
  injected.
• The effects
• Cocaine acts fast and lasts about 30 min. Taking

• cocaine makes users feel on top of the world,
  wide-awake and confident. Cocaine can raise the
  bodys temperature, make the heart beat faster
  and stave off feelings of hunger.

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Packed cocaine
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Drug name Crack

• Street name rocks
• What it looks like and how it's taken Crack, a
  stronger version, comes as rocks or stones and is
  smoked or injected.
• The effects
• The effects of crack smoking are virtually
  immediate, peaking for about two minutes and
  lasting for only about 10 minutes. For snorted
  coke there is a slower time to peak but the
  effects lasts around 20-30 minutes.

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Crack
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Risks

• Short term Some users may feel tense and anxious
  while using and afterwards many feel very tired
  and depressed. It can also cause fits and sudden
  death from heart attack or stroke. Smoking crack
  can cause breathing problems and lung damage.
• Long term Frequent use can lead to paranoia,
  aggression, weight loss and hallucinations.
  Cocaine and especially crack cocaine are highly
  addictive. Chronic use also causes severe mental
  health problems.
• Legal status Class A

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Paraphernalia
may include Razors, blades, mirrors, straws or
something to snort through (sometimes specially
made for the purpose), glass pipe or tube,
plastic bottle or in foil, needles and syringes,
small brown glass bottles, tiny spoons
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Drug name Ecstasy

• Group Stimulant/ Hallucinogen
• Street name 'E mitsubishi, diamonds, euros
  eckies E/ Snackies/ New Yorkers
• What it looks like and how it's taken Tablets of
  different shapes, sizes and colours - often with
  a designer logo. Taken by swallowing the tablet.
• Immediate effects Within 20 minutes to one hour,
  increases energy and sense of well-being. Sounds,
  colours and emotions more intense. Lasts up to 6
  hours.

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Risks

• Short term Use can lead to overheating and
  dehydration if users dance without taking breaks
  or sipping non-alcoholic fluids. This can be
  fatal. Drinking a pint of liquid every hour and
  eating a salty snack from time to time are
  advised. Users can feel tired and depressed for a
  few days after use.
• Long term Ecstasy use has been linked to mental
  health problems, and liver, kidney and brain
  damage.
• Legal status Class A

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Drug name PMA

• Street name Chicken Yellow, Chicken Fever,
  Double Stacked, Mitsubishi Turbo, Red Mitsubishi,
  Killer.
• What it looks like and how it's taken Usually a
  white tablet which is unusually thick compared to
  ecstasy, hence the name 'Double-Stacked'. PMA is
  swallowed.
• Immediate effects similar effects to ecstasy
  although effects last stronger.
• Risks Short term PMA affects the body's
  temperature control and as it is stronger than
  Ecstasy the risk of overheating is much greater.
  Frequent use can also bring on paranoia and
  depression.
• Long term As PMA is quite a new drug. Long term
  risks are thought to be similar to the risks
  associated with Ecstasy
• Legal status Class A

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Drug name Heroin

• Group Depressant
• Street name Smack, scag, H, junk, gear
• What it looks like and
• how it's taken
• Brownish-white powder.
• Some heroin comes in a brown/
• black form that looks like hard toffee. Smoked,
  dissolved or injected. Immediate effects Slows
  the brain, heart rate and breathing. Small doses
  bring a sense of warmth and well-being larger
  doses make users drowsy and relaxed, and free
  from worry and pain.

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Risks

• Short term There is a real risk of drug
  overdose, possibly leading to coma or death.
  Heroin is often mixed with domestic household
  substances and other additives which can be
  harmful.
• Long term Heroin is highly addictive. Injecting
  can damage veins sharing needles can spread
  hepatitis and HIV.

• Paraphernalia may include
• Needles, syringes, spoon,
• lighter or candle

Legal status Class A
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Drug name LSD

• Group Hallucinogen
• Street name Acid
• What it looks like and how it's taken Comes in
  small squares of paper, often printed with
  designs, or as tiny tablets called microdots and
  dots. Tablets are swallowed. It is a myth that
  LSD can be absorbed through the skin.
• Immediate effects Hallucinationthe 'trip'.
  Starts within an hour and can last 8 - 12 hours
  or longer. Surroundings seem altered, colours
  brighter, sounds different or new, movement and
  time may seem to speed up or slow down.

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Risks

• Short term Trips cannot be controlled or
  stopped. A bad trip can be terrifying, which
  requires help and reassurance from others.
• Long term Users may have 'flashbacks' where they
  relive a trip without taking the drug again.
• Legal status Class A

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Drug name Methadone

• Group Depressant
• Street name meth, linctus
• What it looks like and how it's
• taken Comes as a green, amber
• or blue mixture liquid, or as white
• tablets. Usually swallowed, but it can come in
  tablet or injectable form.
• Immediate effects Effects similar to heroin,
  although less intense but longer acting.

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Risks

• Short term Drug overdose, possibly leading to
  coma or death, if taken by someone not used to
  the drug. Methadone should only be taken as part
  of a prescribed and supervised programme to treat
  addiction to opiate drugs, especially heroin.
• Long term Methadone can be addictive, and it
  should never be given or sold to someone else.
• Legal status If possessed without a prescription
  or supplied illegally, classified as Class A.

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Drug name Amphetamines

• Group Stimulant
• Street name Speed, whizz
• What it looks like and how its taken Grey or
  white powder that is snorted, swallowed, smoked,
  injected or dissolved in drink.Tablets are
  swallowed.
• Immediate effects For 3 or 4 hours users feel
  excited, confident, alert and full of
  energy.Reduces appetite and ability to sleep.

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Risks

• Short term Some users may feel tense and anxious
  while using and afterwards many feel very tired
  and depressed. The drug can cause sudden death
  from heart attack or stroke.
• Long term Frequent high doses can cause panic,
  hallucination and weight loss. Heavy long-term
  use places strain on the heart and can cause
  mental illness. Amphetamines are addictive.
• Legal status Class B Class A if prepared for
  injection
• Paraphernalia may include Possibly needles and
  syringes.

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Drug Name methylamphetamine

• Group stimulant
• Street names Crystal Meth,
• Ice, glass, Tina and Christine, yaba
• What it looks like and how its taken produced
  in tablets, powder, or crystalline forms. It can
  be swallowed, sniffed/snorted, smoked or
  injected. The tablet form is sometimes referred
  to as 'yaba' and the crystalline smokeable form
  often referred to as ice.
• Legal status was reclassified as a Class A drug
  on 18th January 2007. It is illegal to have, give
  away or sell.

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Immediate effects

• Can act on the brain and nervous system. Like
  cocaine has stimulant properties but is much
  longer acting. Ice like crack cocaine can
  be easily smoked and can rapidly lead to high
  blood levels. Its also long-acting compared to
  crack so its an extremely powerful and addictive
  stimulant.

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Drug name Magic Mushrooms

• Group Hallucinogen
• Street name Shrooms, mushies
• What it looks like and how its taken
• Grow wild throughout Scotland and are eaten raw,
  dried, cooked in food, or stewed into a tea.
• Immediate effects Similar to LSD but the trip is
  milder and shorter, usually lasting about 4
  hours.
• Risks
• Short term Stomach pains, sickness and
  diarrhoea. Can complicate mental illnesses.
• Legal status Unprepared not controlled under the
  misuse of drugs legislation. Classified as Class
  A when prepared for use (dried or stewed).

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Solvents, glues, gases, aerosols

• Group Depressant
• What it looks like and how it's taken Butane gas
  cigarette lighter refills, disposable cigarette
  lighters, aerosol sprays (hairsprays, air
  fresheners), whipped cream cans and glue tins or
  tubes. Breathed in through a cloth or sleeve. Gas
  to be squirted straight into the back of the
  throat.
• Immediate effects Similar to being very drunk.
  Users feel dizzy, giggly and light-headed. Some
  hallucinate. Effects last from a few minutes to
  30 minutes.

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Risks

• Short term Hangover for a day or two. Nausea,
  vomiting, blackouts, bad cough, spots/sores
  around mouth, persistent cold and heart problems.
  Inhaling with a plastic bag can cause
  suffocation. It is extremely dangerous to squirt
  gas into the mouth as this can cause sudden
  death. Never chase anyone sniffing solvents as
  their heart may suddenly stop beating.
• Long term Damage to brain, liver, kidneys,
  nervous system, lungs and reproductive organs.
• Legal status It is illegal for retailers to sell
  butane gas refills to anyone under 18.
• Paraphernalia may include plastic bag.

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Drug NameTranquillisers

• Group Depressant
• Street name Jellies, tranx, benzos.
• Brand names include Valium, Librium,
  Mogadon
• What it looks like and how it's taken
• Tablets or capsules. Can be swallowed or
  injected.
• Immediate effects Relieves anxiety and tension.
  Calms users and slows them down. High doses can
  make users drowsy and forgetful.
• Risks Short term Dangerous mixed with alcohol
  or other drugs.
• Long term Regular use can damage short term
  memory and reduce energy. Almost all
  tranquillisers are addictive. Withdrawal symptoms
  include depression, insomnia and panic attacks.
• Legal status If possessed without a prescription
  or supplied illegally, classified as Class C.

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Drug Name2CB 2-CT-7

• Group Hallucinogens
• Street name 2CT-7 is known as T-7, 7-up,
  seventh-heaven, Tripstacy.
• What it looks like and how its taken white
  powder or tiny 5mg pills. Normally swallowed,
  they can also be snorted.
• Immediate effects Most people take several at a
  time and effects can last from 4-8 hours. The
  more you take, the more intense and
  uncontrollable the experience.
• Risks bring on headaches, nausea, vomiting,
  panic attacks and, at high doses, even delirious
  states.

Legal status Class A
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The Consequences

• Class A
• Drugs Ecstasy, acid, cocaine, heroin
  methadone, mushrooms (if prepared), speed (if
  prepared for injection).
• Possession Up to 7 years imprisonment or an
  unlimited fine or both
• Production or dealing Up to life imprisonment or
  an unlimited fine or both.

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The Consequences

• Class B
• Drugs Speed, Ritalin (without prescription),
  Pholcodine
• Possession Up to 5 years imprisonment or an
  unlimited fine or both.
• Production or dealingUp to 14 years imprisonment
  or an unlimited fine or both.

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The Consequences

• Class C
• Drugs Cannabis, tranquillisers some
  painkillers (without prescription), GHB.
• Possession Up to 2 years imprisonment or an
  unlimited fine or both
• Production or dealingUp to 14 years imprisonment
  or an unlimited fine or both.

44
Drugs and Driving The Effects

• Driving under the influence of drugs can
  seriously affect your driving ability, increasing
  your risk of having an accident and endangering
  both your life and the lives of others.

• The effects of driving under the influence of
  drugs include
• Impaired co-ordination
• Distorted visual perception
• Over-confidence
• Loss of concentration
• Inappropriate driving
• Reduced ability to judge
• distances and speeds

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Warning signs of possible drug use

• Warning signs of possible drug use include
• sudden changes in mood from happy and alert to
  sullen and moody
• aggressive or irritable behaviour which is out
  of character
• a loss of interest in school, sport or other
  activities
• unusual sleep patterns or difficulty in
  sleeping
• unusually secretive behaviour or lying
• money going missing or belongings being sold
• unusual objects found, such as powders,
  capsules, scorched tinfoil, empty plastic bags
  smelling of glue or repeatedly folded small
  pieces of paper.

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DRUG ENFORCEMENT
DEPARTMENT Drug Enforcement Department is
an autonomous structural division in the Ministry
of Internal Affairs. Its units are responsible
for preventing and combating illicit trafficking
in drugs, psycho tropic substances, precursors,
as well as detecting the sources, routs, places
of sale and consumption areas.
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purpuse

• Much attention is paid to locate clandestine
  laboratories specialized in production of
  synthetic and semi-synthetic drugs starting and
  ultimate points of drug transit channels
  criminal groups of drug traffickers as well as
  their inter-regional and international ties and
  ceasing of their activities. Meanwhile a close
  cooperation with foreign law enforcement agencies
  is being established.
• The Department conducts anti-drugs propaganda,
  creates conditions for medical treatment and
  social rehabilitation of drug addicts.