Measurement of Total Photoabsorption Cross Section on Proton in

1
QED non-linear effects in photonuclear
processes V.G.Nedorezov, INR RAS, Moscow
2
QED non-linear effects in photonuclear processes

Delbruck
Photon splitting
Coulomb scattering
3
Photo and electronuclear processes
Delbruk scattering, Photon splitting in
the nuclear field Akhmadaliev, G.Y.
Kezerashvili, S.G. Klimenko e.a. Phys.Rev.Lett.
89061802, 2002.
4
Virtual photon spectrumPlane wave Born
approximation

• ?l multipolarity,?? 1/137
• ?L - structure function
• ?L 2(Ee E????????for ?l E1,
• ?L 0???for ?l M1,
• ?L 8/3 (Ee E????????????forf ?l E2,
• ?L depends also on the nuclear size and charge.
• ?
• ?.?.?????????, ?.?.?????. ???????????
  ???? ?? ?????????? ??????????. ??.1. ???????
  ????? (1989).

Z92
5
QED Non-Linear Effects in Photonuclear Reactions.
Multi Photon Exchanges.

• Photo and electrofisson of actinide nuclei with
  low energy and
• momentum transfer (Z? 1)
• EM dissociation of relativistic nuclei (maximal
  EM fields at laboratory conditions)
• Femtosecond laser induced photonuclear reactions
  (relativistic EM field)

6
Cross section of the reaction 243Am (e, n)
242mfAm 1. Points are the experimental
result, dotted line - the result of
approximation.The solid curve shows the
contribution of the dipole resonance with
estimated errors.

• ????????????????????????????????? (?b)
• 
  
• 
  Ee(MeV)
• 1. V.L.Kuznetsov, L.E.Lazareva, V.G.Nedorezov
  e.a. Nucl.Phys. A381 (1982) 1439.
  

7
EXPERIMENT ROKK Total photoabsorption of
actinide nuclei ?.?.Kazakov,
G.Ya.Kezerashvili, L.E.Lazareva, V.G.Nedorezov,
A.N.Skrinsky, A.S.Sudov, G/M/Tumaikin,
Yu.M.Shatunov.JETF Lett..10 (1984) 445.
??A Z ??P N ??N
?EBAF-2004
237-Np
238-U
238-U 237-Np
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Photofission pf actinide nuclei with low energy
and momentum transfer Inelastic Compton
scattering ?Inelastic ??- pair production ?
235U fission S/A 0.4 at E? 60 240 MeV
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Photofission in coincidence with the forward
partice Xwhich energy is closed to the initial
photon one
10
EM dissociaton Multi-photon exchanges
beam
?
target

• b gt bmin Ri Rt (incident target)
• Virtual photon flux
• Virtual photon spectrum (integratedc over b), Z
  Zt
• 
  X.Artru e.a. PL 40B (1972)
  43

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EM dissociationExperiment
18O U

• Photoneutron and photofission reactions
• 18O (1.7 GeV/n)
• Be, C,AL,Ti, Cu, Sn, W, Pb, U
• D.E.Greiner, B.L.Berman e.a. Phys.Rev. C24
  (1981) 4, 1529.
• S.M.Polikanov e.a. , preprint GSI (1980).
• EM - Photofission of 238-U at 1 GeV.

12
Average number of virtual photons in Au Au
(RHIK) ? Pb Pb (LHC)
b impact parameter LO leading order
I.A.Pschenichnov , EMIN 2006
13
Multi-fragmentationMulti-photon exchange? In
contradiction with experiments with real photons
P.Zarubin, EMAX-2009
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Relativistic electromagnetic fields produced by
femtosecond laserMourou G., Tajima T., Bulanov
S.V. // Review of Modern Physics. 2006. V.78.
P.309-371

• Time duration to 10-15 s (femtosecond)
• Wave packet length to 10 ?m (10 waves)
• Pulse energy - to 100 J, power - to 1015 Wt
  (petawatt).
• Focus on radius of 10 ?m provides W 1020
  Wt/?m2
• Electric field strength ? 1012 V/?m
• (For comparison in the hidrogen field ? 109
  ?/??., at mica breakdown - 106 ?/??) .
• At E 1011 V/?m, respectively W 1018 ??/c?2
  (????1 ?m) electron is accelerated to
  relativistic velosity being closed to the light
  one. Therefore such field is defined as the
  relativistic one .

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Nuclear processes initiated by femtosecond
laserA.B.Andreev, B.M.Gordienko, A.B.Savel'ev.
Quantum electromnics 31,11. 2001, 941-956

• At present time the electron beams above 1 GeV
  and proton and ion beams above 50 MeV /n are
  available

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J.Sentoku, V.Y.Bychenkov e.a. High energy ion
generation in interaction of short laser pulse
with high density plasma Appl.Phys.B 74 (2002)
207-216.

• New generation neutron sources
• Isotope production
• Nuclear physics
• Relativistic ion beams
• Astrophysics simulations
• Solar temperature is of 13,5 Million degree
• ( 1 eV)

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Laser facility ILC MSU (Lomonosov University)

• Reaction chamber
• ? 800 nm,
• t 50 fs,
• f 10 Hz,
• E 50 ?J,
• D 4 ?m.
• P 1019 Wt/cm2,
• respectively Ee 1 ???.
• Target Pb

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New photonuclear methods based on femtosecond
lasers K.A. Ivanov1, S.A. Shulyapov1, A.V.
Rusakov2, A.A. Turinge2, A.V. Brantov3, A.B.
Savelev1, R.M. Djilkibaev2, V.G. Nedorezov2,
D.S.Uryupina1, R.V. Volkov1, V.Yu. Bychenkov3 1
ILC MSU,2 INR RAS, 3 FIAN


Cheremkov readings (2012) FIAN, Moscow

• Detector ?E E
• 6 mm plastic scintillator NaI 65?65
  mm,
• PMT FEU -143

Collimators
???????????
????????
????????
3 ??
5 ??
????????? ??????
Vacuum chamber
19
Experimental results ?E-E spectra for electrons
and gammas withenergy up to 5 MeV

20
Neutron source d D 3He(0.82 MeV) n
(2.45 MeV)
L.Willingale e.a. Phys.of Plasma 19
(2011) 083106
21
Summary more questions than answers

• Is it possible in frame of general approach (QED)
  to discribe different phenomena as photofission
  of actinide nuclei, EM dissociatiopn of
  relativistic ions, femtosecond laser induced
  photonuclear processes?
• How to iterpret the relativistic EM field effects
  ? High temperature of plasma or cold beams ?
  Non-linear effects in QRD.
• How to evaluate different corrections plane
  vawe distorsion in nuclear field, virtual photon
  spectrum multipolatity etc?
• Whay is a photon in three dimention spase?

22
QED non-linear effects in photonuclear processes

Delbruck
Photon splitting
Coulomb scattering
23
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