CARBOHYDRATES,%20FATS,%20PROTEINS

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Nutrition

• CARBOHYDRATES, FATS, PROTEINS

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8-1 Objectives

• Name the three classes of nutrients that supply
  you body with energy
• Describe the roles that carbohydrates, fats, and
  proteins play in your body

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What are Carbs, Proteins Fats

• These three classes of nutrients supply your body
  with energy.
• Nutrient
• Regulate body functions
• Promote growth
• Repair body tissue
• Obtain energy

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How much Energy do they Supply?

• Carbohydrates 1 gram of Carbs 4 Kcal
• Proteins 1 gram of Proteins 4 Kcal
• Fats 1 gram of Fat 9 Kcal

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What Are Calories (Kcal)

• Calories The amount of energy release when
  nutrients are broken down
• 3500 Calories 1 pound of fat

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Metabolism

• Metabolism Is the chemical process by which
  your body breaks down food and uses it for
  energy.
• Basal Metabolic Rate The amount of energy
  expended daily by humans at rest.
• The higher the Metabolic Rate, the more calories
  burned or used
• How is this important?
• People who are trying to lose weight can increase
  their metabolic rate through exercise and diet.

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Carbohydrates

• Carbs Are nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen
  and oxygen.
• Carbohydrates are the main source of energy.
  Example, runners who carb load.
• Simple Carbohydrate Also know as sugar. Found
  in frutis, manufactured foods such as cookies,
  candy soft drinks. Fast release of energy
• Complex Carbohydrates Are made up of starches
  or sugars linked together chemically. Slow
  release of energy. Examples plants (veggies),
  whole wheat

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Carbohydrates CONT.

• Complex carbohydrates found in starches are still
  broken down to glucose in the body. Process
  takes longer, releasing energy for longer periods
  of time.
• Fiber Complex carbohydrate found in plant foods
  or veggies.
• High Fiber
• Prevents constipation
• Reduce risk of colon cancer
• Prevent heart disease

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Energy Reserves

• Excess glucose is stored as glycogen. When your
  reserves are full, the excess glucose is stored
  as Fat.
• Stored primarily in liver and muscles.

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Daily Carbohydrate Intake

• 45 65 Percent of persons daily calorie intake
  comes from carbohydrates.
• For a 2,000 calorie diet, that would be 900 -
  1300

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Foods that are Simple Carbohydrates
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Foods that are Complex Carbohydrates
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Foods with High Fiber
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Fats

• Fats Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
• Supply your body with energy, form your cells,
  maintain body temperature, and protect your
  nerves.

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Unsaturated Fats

• Are usually liquid at room temperature.
• Found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds
• Benefit Can help fight heart Disease

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Unsaturated Fat Cont.
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Saturated Fats

• Type of fat that is usually solid at room
  temperature
• Examples Animal fats, such as lard, and dairy
  products.
• Too much can lead to heart disease

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Saturated Fats CONT.
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Daily Fat Intake

• Recommended that 20 35 percent of you calories
  come from fat, primarily unsaturated.
• 400 700 Calories

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Cholesterol

• Cholesterol Is a waxy, fatlike substance that
  is found only in animal products.
• Body needs a certain amount of cholesterol to
  make cell membranes and nerve tissue, certain
  hormones, and substances that aid in the digest
• Some high cholesterol issues may be heredity

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Trans Fats

• Trans Fats are made when manufactures add
  hydrogen to the fat molecules in vegetable oils.
• Found in margarine, chips, commercially baked
  goods.
• Same negative effects as saturated fats.
• Keeps food fresh Longer

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Proteins

• Protein Serve as source of energy. Building
  block for muscle, and repair of bodys tissue
• Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids

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Proteins CONT.

• Proteins in your body are made up of 20 amino
  acids.
• You need to get 9 amino acids though diets.
  These are also called essential amino acids.

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Proteins CONT.

• Complete Protein Proteins from animal sources-
  meats, fish
• Complete Proteins have all nine essential amino
  acids.

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Proteins Cont.

• Incomplete Proteins Lack one or more of the 9
  essential amino acids. Usually comes from plant
  sources

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Proteins Daily Intake.

• Recommended that 10 to 35 percent of you calories
  come from protein
• 200 700 Calories

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Protein for Vegetarians

• Vegetarians can combine two or more plant sources
  to get all essential amino acids.