After the Roman Empire was divided in AD 395, the eastern half eventually became known as the Byzantine Empire.

1
Byzantine Empire

• After the Roman Empire was divided in AD 395, the
  eastern half eventually became known as the
  Byzantine Empire.
• West into Italy, south to Egypt, and east to the
  Arabian border
• Greeks, Egyptians, Syrians, Arabs, Armenians,
  Jews, Persians, Slavs, and Turks lived within the
  empire.

2
The Beginning

• The Roman Empire shifted its power from Rome in
  the East, to Constantinople in the West
• The Eastern Roman Empire became known as the
  Byzantine Empire

3
Constantinople

• At the center of the Byzantine Empire was the
  city of Constantinople.
• Constantinople was surrounded by water on three
  sides, was the busiest market place in Europe,
  and there they sold goods like silk, gems, and
  wheat.
• AD 500s, it was one of the worlds most advanced
  cities. Success was due to its prime location

4
Byzantine Empire

• Byzantine Empire was in existence up to 1,000
  years after the fall of Rome.
• Blended Greek, Roman, and Christian influences in
  this brilliant civilization.

5
Justinian

• Byzantine Empire reached its greatest size under
  the Emperor Justinian- skilled leader and strong
  general.
• Governed with supreme power- controlled the
  military and made all legal decisions.
• Empress Theodora (Justinians wife) had her hand
  in government. Justinian listened to her
  opinions, and he changed the laws where a wife
  could own land if she became widowed.

6
Justinians Legal Reforms

• Had a more simple code of laws written, this
  became known as the Justinian Code. It was a
  collection and revision of all laws from the past
  and present.
• This code helped officials and businesspeople
  better under the laws.
• Became the basis for many legal systems of almost
  every legal system in the Western world.

7
Byzantine Arts and Education

• Justinian and other emperors ordered the
  construction of many churches, forts, and
  government buildings
• Hagia Sofia (Holy Wisdom) a beautiful church
  built to restore Roman glory decorated with
  numerous mosaics showing popular saints.
• Education was important boys studied religion,
  medicine, law, arithmetic, grammar, and other
  subjects.

8
Hagia Sophia https//www.youtube.com/watch?vng-
-WLT0Xjc
9
The Church

• Christianity was extremely important and
  influential in the Byzantine Empire.
• A division emerged however in the church dealing
  with leadership roles.
• Patriarch highest church official

10
The Church

• More division emerged with the use of icons with
  some Christian beliefs.
• AD 1054 a schism or permanent split occurred
  between the Byzantine (Eastern Greek Orthodox)
  and the Roman Catholic Church they treated each
  other as rivals (pages 386-389)

11
The Collapse

• The Collapse of the Byzantine Empire occurred for
  several reasons
• the split of the church caused fighting and wars
• struggles of succession
• advance of the Turks
• the Crusades
• Constantinople falls in 1453 as the Ottoman
  Empire begins