Title: IPM CRSP International Plant Diagnostic Network: A Gateway to IPM Implementation
1IPM CRSP International Plant Diagnostic Network
A Gateway to IPM Implementation
- Sally A. Miller
- Department of Plant Pathology
7th Int. IPM Symposium Memphis, TN 27 March 2012
2International Plant Diagnostic Network (IPDN)
- Funded by USAID as part of IPM CRSP program,
beginning 2005 - Plant disease and pest diagnostics
- Network of laboratories in Africa, Asia and
Central America - No regulatory or enforcement role but
communication with national plant health
regulatory services is encouraged
3Networking to Improve Diagnostic Efficiency
- Organized system of laboratories and personnel
communicating with one another and working
together - Hierarchical structure
- Example U.S. National Plant Diagnostic Network
Central Laboratory
Regional hub labs
Spoke or node labs
Communication with first responders Farm
agents, farmers, consultants, etc.
4Disease Diagnostic Capacity in Africa Baseline
Survey 2006-2007
Component adequate adequate
Component East Africa West Africa
Standard laboratory workspace 65.2 76.2
Specialized workspace for molecular diagnostics/PCR 33.3 27.8
Standard laboratory equipment 43.5 47.6
Specialized equipment for molecular diagnostics/PCR 22.7 15.0
Specialized equipment for serological diagnostics 13.0 30.0
Laboratory supplies and consumables 40.9 42.9
Microscopes 45.8 57.1
Cameras 39.1 35.0
Computers 47.8 45.0
Internet access 50.0 42.9
Reference materials 22.7 21.1
Consistent electrical supply 69.6 60.0
5Identified Capacity Development Needs EA 2008
- Additional in-depth training on high impact pest
and disease diagnosis - Equipment upgrades
- Better access to biotech materials and supplies
- Updated pest lists
- Improved local diagnostics and surveillance
capacity - Better means of reaching farmers Test, Dont
Guess - Improved communication and cooperation among
pathologists and entomologists in AU - Access to library/reference materials
- Diagnostics standardization across labs (SOPs)
6IPDN Approach
- Introduce distance diagnostic and data management
web portal - Conduct training programs
- Harmonize diagnostic protocols (SOPs)
- Develop and test diagnostic assays
7Training in Plant Diagnostics
- Regional insect pest and disease diagnosis
training - Include local experts
- Cooperate with IPM CRSP Virus Global Theme and
Regional programs - Trainees mostly drawn from IPM CRSP RPs
- The Ohio State University
- Advanced serological, molecular and online
diagnostics
8Regional Hands-On Training Approaches
- 20 workshops since 2006
- Horticultural crop focus
- Initial stakeholder meetings (capacity
assessment) training - 466 professionals trained
- Evolution of training concepts
- Broad general diagnostics
- Classical methods symptoms, culturing, LFDs,
squash blots (viruses), morphology - DDIS-CIMS
- Focused hands-on technology training with
critical disease and pest examples - Crop and technology focus
- PCR, ELISA, DDIS-CIMS
- SOP training
9IPDN Professional Programs Phase 1
Country Year Type Women Men
Benin 2006 Stakeholder/Training 6 34
Guatemala 2006 Stakeholder/Training 9 21
Kenya 2007 Stakeholder/Training 16 42
USA (OH) 2007 Advanced Training Diagnostics/SPS 14 11
Ghana 2008 1-day Networking 1 11
Uganda 2008 General Training 6 20
Guatemala 2008 General Training 7 26
Mali 2009 General Training 9 16
Kenya 2009 2-day SOP development 3 9
Guatemala 2009 General Training 7 13
Guatemala 2009 UF/FAS MAGA General Training 3 12
Guatemala 2009 APS OIP/Clemson Nematode ID 4 14
Kyrgystan 2009 General Training 7 25
Total 92 (27) 254
10Benin, 2006
11IPDN Professional Training Phase II
Country Year Type Women Men
Indonesia 2010 General Training 9 11
Guatemala 2010 Focused Training - Ralstonia, Clavibacter, zebra chip, cyst nematode 10 20
Guatemala 2011 Focused Training - UF/FAS/IPDN Molecular diagnostics - Clavibacter 1 4
India 2011 Focused Training - Diagnostics and variability of plant viruses 8 7
Ghana 2011 Focused Training Tomato diseases and pests 3 18
USA (OH) 2011 Clavibacter diagnostics - CA 1 -
Kenya 2012 SOP Development 6 8
Bangladesh 2012 Focused Training TLCV, whitefly, Ralstonia, Papaya mealybug ID 8 6
Total 46 (38) 74
12Ghana 2011 Tomato Disease and Insect Pest
Diagnostics
- Overviews -major diseases and pests
- Bacterial diseases
- Culture, HR, serology
- Virus diseases
- Sap transmission, serology, PCR
- Insect pests and vectors identification
- Fungal disease identification
- Culturing, microscopy, serology
- Root knot nematode identification
- DDIS-CIMS training
- Diagnostics and IPM implementation
13Diagnostics Workshop - Bangladesh
- Fundamentals
- PCR
- Serology
- Bacterial pathogen ID
- Insect-transmitted virus ID
- Whitefly molecular markers
- Biocontrol agent ID
- DDIS
- Case Studies Hands-on
- Papaya mealybug
- Ralstonia solanacearum
- TLCV
14Standard Operating Procedures
- Background
- Symptoms
- Signs
- Media recipes
- Serological tests
- Biochemical tests
- DNA extraction
- PCR protocols
- Widely tested and validated
15Standard Operating Procedures under IPDN
Development East Africa
Crop Problem pest Status
Passion fruit Woodiness - Passion fruit woodiness virus Dieback complex/collar rot - Fusarium, Phytophthora Brown spot - Alternaria passilforae In Review Early Draft Early Draft
Tomato Bacterial wilt - Ralstonia solanacearum Root knot - Meloidogyne spp. Viruses TYLCV, TMV, TSWV, CMV In Review In Review Early Draft
Banana Bunchy top Banana bunchy top virus Panama disease Fusarium oxysporum Final Draft Final Draft
Onion Purple blotch - Alternaria porri Thrips - Thrips tabaci Neck rot - Botrytis Downy mildew - Peronospora destructor In Review Final Draft Early Draft Early Draft
Wide range Fruit Fly - Bactrocera invadens - Ceratitis capitata In Review In Review
Chili pepper CMV and other viruses Final Draft
16Long-Term Training
Program Type Country Subject
Makerere Univ./OSU Sandwich M.Sc. Uganda Virology, diagnostics
Univ. Dakar/UC-Davis Sandwich M.Sc. Senegal Bacteriology, diagnostics
Jomo Kenyatta/OSU Sandwich Ph.D. Kenya Virology, diagnostics
BSMRAU/OSU Sandwich Ph.D. Bangladesh Nematology, diagnostics
OSU M.Sc. Nepal Diagnostics, biocontrol
OSU Ph.D. Nepal Diagnostics, biocontrol
17Thank you!
- Ohio State University
- Mark Erbaugh
- Melanie Lewis Ivey
- Fulya Baysal-Gurel
- Nagendra Subedi
- Virginia Tech
- Sue Tolin
- Muni Muniappan
- Doug Pfeiffer, Don Mullins
- George Norton, Jeff Alwang
- Univ. Florida
- Carrie Lapaire Harmon
- Tim Momol, P. Vergot
- Jiannong Xin
- UC-Davis - Bob Gilbertson
- Makerere University Uganda
- Sam Kyamanywa, Mildred Ochwo-Ssemakula
- Kenya Agricultural Res Inst
- Zachary Kinyua, Monicah Waiganjo
- Sokoine Univ of Agriculture - TZ
- Amon Maerere, Delphina Mamiro
- IITA
- Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, Fen Beed
- University of Ghana-Legon
- Eric Cornelius, Rodney Owusu-Darko
- Agroexpertos Guatemala
- Marco Arevalo
- Univ. del Valle
- Margarita Palmieri
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
- Mohan Kumar, Karthi Keyan
- Bangladesh Agricultural Res Inst
- Yousuf Mian, M. Rahman, S. Nahar