The Middle Ages in Europe

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The Middle Agesin Europe

• From the Fall of the Roman Empire

to the Renaissance, or Rebirth, of Europe
2
The Middle Agesin Europe

• 1) What are some ways that society can be
  compared in all three eras?
• 2) What is similar and different about the eras?
• 3) What caused life to change from one era to the
  next?

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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
When c. 200 CE c. 500 CE c. 500 CE c. 1400 CE c. 1300 CE c. 1600 CE
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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Threats and Risks Germanic invaders from north and east your cruel noble, or landowner, starvation, disease knights and soldiers from other lands out to conquer your land disease the Black Death kills about 1/3 of Europes population during the 1340s brought by rats on trading ships from Asia being a Lutheran
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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Cities Cities crumble, people flee to rural areas for safety Very few, and mostly made up of only forts for soldiers to rest in and castles for the king Begin to grow starting in Italy, and become important centers of trade, culture, and the arts
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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Religion Christianity begins to spread throughout Europe Roman mythology still followed Rome becomes the center of the Catholic Church (Christianity) Martin Luther protests the teachings of the Catholic church in 1519 and begins Protestant Reformation, which splits Christianity Catholic church responds by changing some practices (Counter Reformation)
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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Role of Religion Small role, many living in the Empire worship Roman gods and goddesses Christianity is illegal at first Every part of a persons life and community life centered around the church Church still center of community, but people begin to change views about their role in the world (humanism) Countries begin to divide and fight based on ethnic and religious differences
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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Protec-tion for People Very little, whats left of Roman army Knights and big landowners called nobles or lords protected the villages Monarchs and city-states raise huge armies to protect their country from other countries
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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Govern-ment Type Empire, ruled by absolute emperors, begins to break down Absolute monarchs religious leaders and nobles provide leadership in the towns The Pope, or head of the Catholic church, is the highest authority in Europe Absolute monarchs Nobles challenge King of England over unfair treatment in 1215 Magna Carta is first law that limits the power of a king in Europe
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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Econ-omics farming to benefit the Empire trade network begins to break down roads become unsafe Feudalism kings gives land to nobles, peasant serfs work the land in return for protection In return for the crops, the king provides money for knights and soldiers to protect the nobles land, or fief The Crusades, or religious military missions to Asia and the east to reconquer holy lands taken by Arabs leads to movement of people, goods, and ideas (1100s-1300s)

• Trade banking begin to increase in Italian
  city-states and around Mediterranean Sea

Manorialism - like slavery, in that peasant serfs
did not own land, but got to live on a nobles
manor by growing food and doing work in exchange,
they got protection from the noble

• Spain, Portugal, England, and France begin to
  explore, colonize, bring back resources from
  Africa, Asia, and the Americas for their monarchs

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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
Learning and Edu-cation People focused on farming to survive and not as much on education and the arts The church was the center of learning almost no one could read or write Crusades lead to a renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture, which was still found in parts of the east Europeans learn about Arabic numbers (0,1,2)

• Invention of Gutenberg's printing press in 1450s
  allows fast production and distribution of ideas
  in writing and books

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Era Collapse of Roman Empire Medieval Era, Middle Ages, or Dark Ages Rebirth of Europe (Renaissance)
The Arts Roman and Greek art is still found throughout the Empire Europeans begin to forget about art and culture of Greece and Rome Few people have time or the money to make art Craftsmen, painters, and sculptors began to learn from Greek and Roman ways and combine it with Christian beliefs to make art
13
The Middle Agesin Europe

• 1) What are some ways that society can be
  compared in all three eras?
• 2) What is similar and different about the eras?
• 3) What caused life to change from one era to the
  next?