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Energy in the Environment

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Energy in the Environment Unit 1 Environmental Science 1 Energy Flow The sun is the main source of energy for our planet The sun makes life possible for humans ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Energy in the Environment


1
Energy in the Environment
  • Unit 1
  • Environmental Science 1

2
Energy Flow
  • The sun is the main source of energy for our
    planet
  • The sun makes life possible for humans, animals,
    plants, fungi, bacteria and other single cell
    organisms

3
Energy Flow
  • Energy is the ability to do work
  • All living things need energy to survive
  • Most energy in the environment is stored in the
    form of chemical energy
  • Chemical energy is stored in chemical bonds and
    the energy is released when the bonds are broken

4
Energy Flow
  • Chemical energy is transferred in the form of
    mechanical energy
  • Mechanical energy is energy of movement
  • Energy can be transferred
  • In the environment, energy is usually transferred
    through consuming food
  • However, plants do no consume food therefore,
    they use a process called photosynthesis to
    produce food

5
Energy Flow
  • Energy transfer is never 100 efficient
  • Energy is lost through heat
  • More energy is lost as energy is transferred
    through the system

6
Producers
  • Producers are organisms capable of creating their
    own energy
  • Energy from the sun is transferred to the plant
    and the plant creates energy
  • The process is called photosynthesis
  • Plants are generally our main source of
    producers, but also includes algae and fungi
  • Plants use the sun's energy to create sugars

7
Primary Consumers
  • Primary consumers eat plants
  • If a primary consumer eats only plant they are
    called herbivores
  • When a primary consumer eats plants, energy is
    transferred from the plant to the consuming
    organism
  • Energy is transferred in the form of chemical
    energy
  • Energy is lost through heat

8
Secondary Consumers
  • Secondary consumers eat organisms that are
    primary consumers
  • If an animal only eats other animals they are
    called carnivores
  • The total amount of energy is less with the
    transfer from primary to secondary consumer
  • That means there is less energy available to
    secondary consumers and even less to tertiary
    consumers (secondary consumers that eat other
    secondary consumers)

9
Decomposers and Detritivores
  • Decomposers an organism that breaks down
    nutrients in the environment
  • Examples bacteria and fungi
  • Detritivores feed on the remains of dead plant
    and animal material
  • Examples earthworms, snails, crabs

10
Food Chains
  • A food chain shows the transfer of energy from
    one organisms to another

11
Energy Pyramid
  • A energy pyramid shows how much energy is
    transferred
  • In an energy pyramid there are more organisms at
    the bottom and fewer at the top
  • Because energy is lost as you move through the
    food chain there are not many animals at the top
    of food chain

12
Food Webs
  • Food webs show how energy is transferred in an
    ecosystem

13
Food Webs
  • The greater number of organisms in a food web the
    more stable the environment is
  • Usually, the warmer the environment the greater
    number of plants and animals and the cooler, the
    less number

14
Predator-Prey Relationships
  • Predators
  • Are usually at the top of the food chain
  • The bigger the predator the greater the chance
    are becoming endangered
  • There is less energy available at the top of the
    food chain

15
Predator-Prey Relationships
  • Prey
  • Are eaten by the predators
  • The predator-prey relationship will cycle

16
Other Relationships
  • Symbiotic relationship two organisms living
    together as one organism
  • Mutualistic relationship between two species
    where both benefit

17
Other Relationships
  • Commensalism relationship where one species
    benefits and the other is unaffected
  • Parasitic relationship where one species
    benefits and the other is harmed
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