How the U.S. Government Makes Latin American Policy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 17
About This Presentation
Title:

How the U.S. Government Makes Latin American Policy

Description:

How the U.S. Government Makes Latin American Policy What is the implicit power relation? The President and Latin American Policy I Article II, Section 2 of the ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:101
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 18
Provided by: Davi1444
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: How the U.S. Government Makes Latin American Policy


1
How the U.S. Government Makes Latin American
Policy
2
What is the implicit power relation?
3
The President and Latin American Policy I
  • Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution
  • Power to make treaties with foreign governments
  • Two-thirds of senate must ratify

4
The President and Latin American Policy II
  • Commander in chief of armed forces
  • Traditionally great latitude
  • 1973 War Powers Resolution
  • Report to congress within 48 hours of committing
  • Terminate within 60 days if congress has not
    declared war
  • Never formally invoked

5
The President and Latin American Policy III
  • Breaking diplomatic relations
  • Traditionally viewed as last resort
  • Especially serious for countries in the Caribbean
    Basin
  • Trade
  • Foreign investment
  • Appointing and utilizing ambassadorial personnel

6
Presidential Advisory System The State
Department
  • Bureau of Inter-American Affairs one of five
    geographic bureaus of the State Department
  • Coordinated by the Assistant Secretary of State
    for Latin American Affairs
  • Functions range from congressional liaison to
    manage policy in particular sub-region of the
    hemisphere

7
Effectiveness of Bureau of Inter-American Affairs
depends on Foreign Service Personnel
  • Embassy staff (country team) in each Latin
    American country
  • Represents U.S. government in formal
    inter-governmental exchanges
  • Administers development programs
  • Irons out travel problems
  • Works closely with the armed forces

8
Hierarchical nature of the State Department and
complex character of its representational
functions have created major problems for
presidents who expected quick responses to
executive initiatives
9
Presidential Advisory System The National
Security Council I
  • National Security Council 1947
  • Statutory Members
  • President
  • Vice President
  • Secretaries of State and Defense
  • Advisors
  • Director CIA
  • Chairman of JCS

10
Presidential Advisory System National Security
Council II
  • National Security Assistant runs NSC
  • NSC contains a team of regional/functional
    specialists
  • Focused on the White House
  • Disputes often arise between NSC and the
    Department of State over the conduct of foreign
    policy

11
Presidential Advisory System The CIA
  • Formed in 1947 from the OSS and Latin American
    Bureau of FBI
  • Intelligence gathering
  • Covert action

12
Presidential Advisory System Use of the CIA
  • Carter and Clinton placed controls on CIA
  • Concern with human rights violations
  • Opposition and consternation within professional
    intelligence community
  • Restraints loosened in wake of 9-11

13
Role of Congress
  • Imperial presidency gives way to increased
    congressional involvement
  • Battle over aid to the Contras
  • Democratic congress Republican President
  • Personalities
  • Iran Contra complicates the struggle
  • Determined and skillful president almost
    unstoppable

14
Military Missions
  • Training and influence
  • Combat insurgencies after 1969
  • El Salvador and Central America in the 1980s
  • Southern Command relocated to Tampa
  • School of the Americas Controversy
  • Contemporary emphasis on Colombia

15
Southern Command
  • Coordinated all U.S. military activities in the
    Caribbean Basin and South America
  • Defense of the canal
  • Traditional center for Control of MILGROUPS
  • Relocated to Tampa, Fl. upon return of the canal
    to Panama
  • School of the Americas
  • Controversy over how it accomplished its mission
    while at Fort Gulick
  • Relocation to Fort Benning and reorganization

16
Other Governmental Participants in Latin American
Policy Making
  • AID and the Peace Corps
  • Overseas Private Investment Corporation and
    Export-Import Bank
  • Information and Cultural Exchanges
  • Drug Enforcement Agency

17
MOST OF OFFICIAL WASHINGTON VIEWS LATIN AMERICA
AS A REGIONAL INTERNATIONAL ARENA OF SECONDARY
IMPORTANCE
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com