The Cold War

1
The Cold War
2
Allies Become Enemies

• Competing political philosophies
• Democracy vs. Communism
• US upset with Nonaggression Pact
• USSR blamed Allies for not invading sooner

3
Yalta Conference

• Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
• Agree to divide Germany into zones
• Germany have to pay USSR reparations
• Eastern European countries would have free
  elections

4
United Nations

• New peacekeeping organization
• USA and USSR join (48 others)
• New York City
• Security Council
• Power to investigate and settle
• 5 permanent members
• Br., China, Fr., US, USSR
• Veto power

5

• Differing Goals

6
Iron Curtain

• USSR wants buffer from invasion
• Installs communist govt
• Albania
• Bulgaria
• Hungary
• Czechoslovakia
• Romania
• Poland
• Yugoslavia
• Truman protests ? Stalin ignores

7
Europe divided

• Eastern and Western Europe split
• Germany divided into East Germany and West
  Germany
• Berlin (in E.G. is split)
• Iron Curtain
• Churchill
• Democratic West
• Communist East

8
Truman Foreign Policy

• Containment
• Blocking Soviet influence
• Stopping expansion of Communism
• Forming alliances
• Aiding weaker countries resist

9

• Truman Doctrine
• Marshall Plan
• Assistance program to rebuild Western Europe
• Berlin Airlift
• USSR held W. Berlin hostage
• Hoped Allies would surrender
• 11 months Allies flew in supplies
• May, 1949 Soviets admit defeat
• Lift blockade

10
World Wide Effects

• NATO
• Western Alliances
• Warsaw Pact
• Eastern Alliance
• Berlin Wall (1961)