Title: Why we do what we do
1Why we do what we do
- Understanding individual ethical behaviour
2Our Journey
- FramingThe elusive nature of an important
behaviour. - Theory of the self
- Ethical behaviour as a part of a decision making
process - Individual vs. situational variables
- Putting it all together
3Moral behaviour a mind map
- Context / situation
- Weak vs. Strong
- Script
- Stanford prison experiments
- Perspectives
- Business as a jungle
- Business as a game
- Business as war
- Individual variables
- Moral identity
- Locus of control
- Competitiveness
Values beliefs
Decision making process Awareness / Judgement
/Intent / Behaviour
- Self-regulatory processes
- Emotions
- Rationalization
- Moral reasoning
- Duties
- Consequences
- Justice
- Virtue
- Culture
- Nationality
- Organisational
- Department
4What influences peoples behaviour?
Personal variables
)Moral) Behaviour
Situational variables
5Decision Making process
An issue-contingent model of ethical decision
making in organizations / Adapted from Jones 1991
6Self-regulation and rationalization
(Moral) Behavior
Mood Positive/Negative
Later behaviour
Bandura 1999
7Rationalizations (Bandura 1999)
- Moral justification (It would have hurt her more
if I told the truth) - Euphemistic labelling (I am flexible with the
truth) - Advantageous comparison (This little lie is
better than people who steal from their boss) - Displacement of responsibility (He pushed me into
a corner I had to lie) - Diffusion of responsibility (We all decided
together that this was the right thing to do) - Disregard or distortion of consequences (A little
lie never hurt anybody) - Dehumanization (Hes a worm he doesnt deserve
the truth) - Attribution of blame (He left me no choice, I had
to lie)
8Putting it all together an example
Moral Disengagement
Moral Identity
Competitiveness
Affect Positive/Negative
Moral Behavior
Support for negative behaviour
9Ethics It is the domain of obedience to the
unenforceable. That obedience is the obedience of
a man to that which he cannot be forced to obey.
He is the forcer of the law upon himself
- Lord Moulton 1924 (in Kidder 2003)
10