The%20Cold%20War

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The Cold War
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YALTA (in the USSR) Date Feb 1945 Present
Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin
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POTSDAM (Germany) Date July 1945 Present
Churchill, Truman and Stalin
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Why was there rivalry between the USA and the
USSR?

• Communism versus Capitalism
• The end of WWI (Russian Revolution Civil War)
• Beginning of WW2 (Nazi- Soviet Pact)
• Breakdown of WW2 Alliance- Nazism had been
  defeated
• Death of FDR in 1945 / Truman becomes president
• Development of the Atomic bomb
• The Truman Doctrine/ Marshall Plan

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THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
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What was it?
Before WW2 the USA had been isolationist and not
got involved in Europe.NOW Because of the fear
of Communism, the USA was prepared to intervene
throughout the world to protect democracy against
communism. The USA did this by lending
equipment, advice etc ( and eventually military
force) The main aim was to stop communism
spreading further This policy was called
CONTAINMENT
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The Truman Doctrine

• Truman had been horrified at the pre-war Allied
  policy of appeasement and was determined to stand
  up to any Soviet intimidation.The Truman
  Doctrine in March 1947 promised that the USA
  would support free peoples who are resisting
  subjugation by armed minorities or by outside
  pressures. It signalled the end of
  isolationst policies.

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The Marshall Plan

• The Marshall Plan reflected the strength of the
  US economy and offered huge sums to enable the
  war shattered economies of Europe to rebuild and,
  by generating prosperity, to reject the appeal of
  Communism. Czechoslovakia showed interest in
  receiving Marshall Aid but was blocked by
  Russia.The Soviet system was as much dependent
  upon creating a self-contained economic bloc as
  it was in maintaining a repressive political
  system.

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What a nice gesture by the Americans.

• Yes BUT..
• The aid came in the form of goods made by
  American firms
• So there was an element of American self-interest
  to prevent another depression in USA