PENING

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PENING

• low the Shofar

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PENING

• Why do we blow the Shofar?
• Exodus 1916
• On the morning of the third day there was
  thunder and lightning, with a thick cloud over
  the mountain, and there was the sounding of a
  very loud SHOFAR blast. Everyone in the camp
  trembled.
• Because this is the way G-D begins sacred
  assemblies

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abbath Lighting

• Baruch Attaw Adoni Elohaynu Melech Ha Olam Asher
  kidshanu bimitzvotav venatanu lechad likner shell
  Shabbat

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HEMA ISRAELHear oh Israel

• Shema Israel Adoni Elohaynu
• (Hear oh Israel the L-RD our G-D)
• Adoni Echad
• (The L-RD is one)

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hy do we recite/sing the SHEMA?

• Because Messiah said it was the greatest
  Commandment
• Mark 1228-29
• 28 And one of the scribes came, and having heard
  them reasoning together, and perceiving that He
  had answered them well, asked Him, Which is the
  greatest commandment of all?
• 29 And Jesus answered him, The first of all the
  commandments is, Hear, O Israel The Lord our God
  is one Lord

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e-nay Ma TovBehold how good - Psalm 1331Am

• He-Nay Maw tove
• Behold how good
• Oo-maw nyeeem
• And how pleasant it is
• Shevet aw-heem
• For brothers to dwell
• Gum Yaw Hawd
• In unity

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menCL 3 A

• A-men .A-men.A-men, A-men, A-men
• Baw-rouk Ha-Shem, Baw-rouk Ha-Shem,
• Blessed be the Name, blessed be the Name
• Baw-rouk Ha-Shem Me-she-ach
• Blessed be the Name of Messiah

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-Seh ShalomCL3 Play Em

• Em
• O-seh Shalom Beem rue-mawv
• Am D7
  G
  Em
• Who yah-seh Shalom aw-lay-nu
• Am D7
  G
  
• V'al kol Yees-raw-ale
• Em Am
  Em Bf7 Em
• B'-eem rue Eem rue Ah- main
•  -------------------------------------------------
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• Em
  Am D7
  G
• Ya-a-seh sha-lom Ya-a-seh sha-lom
• G Bf7
  
  Em
• Shalom aw-lay-new Val kol Yees-raw-ale
• Sing twice 2X

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ring our gifts to the altar

• We Bring Our Sacrifice With Praise
• We Bring Our Sacrifice With Praise
• Unto the House of the LORD (2 X)
• And we offer unto Him
• Our sacrifices with thanksgiving
• And we offer unto Him
• Our sacrifices with joy

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Talmud

• Today were going to cover law and its relation
  to love and then well cover some information
  regarding the Ketuba, also known as the marriage
  contract.

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Talmud

• Well then conclude with a reading of the Ketuba.

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Talmud

• By studying Hebrew and Talmud we can better
  understand the words of Yeshua.
• For example
• When Yeshua quoted Rabbi Hillel

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Talmud

• Matt 2237
• You shall love the Lord your God with all your
  heart, and with all your soul, and with all your
  mind. This is the greatest and first
  commandment. And a second is like it You shall
  love your neighbor as yourself. On these two
  commandments hang all the law and the prophets.

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Talmud

• When we read these words from Hillel in Hebrew we
  see the word hang is better translated as
  derived
• All the Law is derived from these two
  commandments.
• We can also understand the context better from
  Hillels explanation.

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Talmud

• Hillels original statement from which Yeshua was
  quoting is directly related to the 10
  Commandments.

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Talmud

• Hillel pointed out that the first 4 commandments
  are concerned with our love for G-d.
• And the last 6 are concerned with our love for
  our fellow man.

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Talmud

• We can see this here
• The first 4 are related to our love for G-d
• 1 You shall have no other gods before me
• 2 You shall not have a graven image
• 3 Do not take the name of the Lord in vain
• 4 Remember the Sabbath and keep it holy

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Talmud

• The next 6 are related to our love for man
• 5 Honor your father and mother
• 6 You shall not kill/murder
• 7 You shall not commit adultery
• 8 You shall not steal
• 9 You shall not bear false witness against your
  neighbor
• 10 You shall not covet your neighbor's wife

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Talmud

• The implications of understanding Yeshuas words
  in this way are far reaching because this passage
  is usually used by the Church to mean we dont
  have to keep the law anymore, we just have to
  love.

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Talmud

• Its a very slick doctrine that the Church is
  trying to put over on us here.
• Because it is true, that all we have to do is
  love but that includes Law and doesnt exclude it!

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Talmud

• Once we really understand this, theres a domino
  effect in understanding other Scriptures in the
  New Testament.

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Talmud

• You see, if we DO truly LOVE G-d we will keep
  every one of His Commandments.
• And if we DO truly LOVE our fellow man, we will
  keep every one of
• G-ds Commandments.

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Talmud

• Every Law is derived from love.
• G-d IS love and anything which comes from Him is
  good.
• Therefore, His Law is from love.

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Talmud

• To reject His Law is to reject His love.
• We can not love G-d and hate/reject His Law.

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Talmud

• John completely gets this
• (1John 53) For the love of God is this, that we
  obey his commandments. And his commandments are
  not burdensome. (Great verse to memorize as
  Messianics!)
• Were often told as Messianics that were under
  the burden of the law Those who believe that way
  are not of the same mind as John and you can tell
  them that.

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Talmud

• The Law is NOT a burden.
• We have stoplights in Wenatchee.
• What do you think would happen if we didnt have
  them all of a sudden?

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Talmud

• Thered be chaos!
• India has some stoplights in the big cities of
  Hyderabad, Madras (Chennai) and Bangalore.
• Ive spent a lot of time in each of these cities.

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Talmud

• No one uses those stoplights.
• Not a one, not even the police.
• Their own Department of Highways and Roads put
  out a statistic

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Talmud

• This statistic shows that India has the most
  traffic accidents and traffic related injuries in
  all the world.
• Traffic lights are good for people.

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Talmud

• Traffic light laws were made by man and theyre
  good for people.
• How much better are laws that are made by G-d?

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Talmud

• If one rejects G-ds commandments, they are
  rejecting His love!
• Rejecting G-ds love is separation from
• G-d.
• Yeshua said Himself in John 1415

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Talmud

• If you love me, you will keep my commandments.
• John 1421 Whoever has my commands and obeys
  them, he is the one who loves me. He who loves me
  will be loved by my Father, and I too will love
  him and show myself to him.
• If you keep His laws He will show Himself to you
  through His Word. This goes hand in hand with His
  promise that unto us are committed the oracles of
  
• G-d for His Word says

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Talmud

• 1 John 23 We know that we have come to know him
  if we obey his commands.
• No matter how often one claims to know G-d, they
  only know Him peripherally if they dont keep His
  Laws.
• John 1510 If you obey my commands, you will
  remain in my love, just as I have obeyed my
  Father's commands and remain in his love.

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Talmud

• Ever wonder what love is? I can tell you what it
  is
• 2 John 16 And this is love that we walk in
  obedience to his commands. As you have heard from
  the beginning, His command is that you walk in
  love.

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Talmud

• If we understand Yeshuas quote of Hillel, it
  will take you full circle concerning love and
  its relationship to Law.

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Talmud

• Now, one can disagree all they like on this, but
  this is all Scripture here concerning Law and how
  its related to love.
• No Law, no love.

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Talmud

• The Church has tried to make Law and grace as
  opposites.
• That belief is false.
• The truth is one can not exist without the other.

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Talmud

• Without Law, there is no grace!
• Do we not want G-ds grace???
• If you throw out Law you have to throw out grace
  right along with it.

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Talmud

• Likewise, one can not understand grace unless he
  first understands law.
• If one doesnt understand law they will teach a
  warped perception of grace.

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Talmud

• See, theres a myth that has permeated much of
  the Church today that teaches to this effect

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Talmud

• Those of the Old Testament were under works, but
  then Jesus came and now were under grace.
• This teaching is a lie.

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Talmud

• Man has always been under grace!
• Without His grace wed all have perished in
  either covenant, Old or New

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Talmud

• This teaching of being Now under grace reverts
  Christendom to the three headed G-d of the
  trinity.
• I would put to you that G-d has never changed and
  man has always been Saved by grace.

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Talmud

• Grace has existed as long as G-d has existed and
  it hasnt changed its character as G-d hasnt
  changed His character.
• We see evidence of G-ds grace ALL through the
  Old Testament

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Talmud

• Genesis 68
• But Noah found grace in the sight of the L-rd.
• In Exodus (Shemot) 3311-13, 17 it is written
• "And the Lord spake unto Moses face to face, as a
  man speaketh unto his friend And Moses said
  unto the Lord yet thou hast said, I know thee
  by name, and thou hast also found grace in my
  sight.

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Talmud

• Psalms 84
• 11 For the LORD God is a sun and shield the LORD
  will give grace and glory no good thing will he
  withhold from them that walk uprightly.

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Talmud

• Jonah 4
• 2 And he prayed unto the LORD, and said , I pray
  thee, O LORD, was not this my saying, when I was
  yet in my country? Therefore I fled before unto
  Tarshish for I knew that thou art a gracious
  God, and merciful, slow to anger, and of great
  kindness, and repentest thee of the evil.

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Talmud

• Jonah didnt say
• I know you are a legalistic G-d who only cares
  about our works and knows not grace or kindness.
• But when you hear it from many Bible teachers,
  this is how it comes across.
• They teach of the harsh, judgmental God of the
  Jews They teach of the Three Headed god.

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Talmud

• There are many, many examples of G-ds grace in
  the Old Testament, its just not taught about in
  todays Church.

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Talmud

• Neglecting G-ds grace in the Old Testament only
  enforces misinformation concerning G-ds grace in
  the New Testament.

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Talmud

• The ancient Rabbis understood the graciousness of
  G-d very well.
• In fact the word gracious in Hebrew is Chanina
  and it was a very popular name in ancient
  Judaism.

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Talmud

• Weve even learned here in Talmud class about
  one, Chanina ben Dosa, a famed miracle worker of
  the first century. You might remember him

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Talmud

• Gamaliel II had a son who became ill and he sent
  his messenger to Chanina ben Dosa. Chanina ben
  Dosa prayed for the boy and the messenger took
  down the exact time of Chaninas prayer because
  he had some doubts.

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Talmud

• When the Messenger returned to Gamaliel II he
  found the boy well and the Messenger asked for
  the exact time the boy had been healed

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Talmud

• It was the exact time that he had noted before.
• So that was just one of many Chaninas
  (Graciousness) in ancient Judaism.

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Talmud

• Not only was Grace a popular name, it was well
  taught on by the Rabbis.
• They understood how grace and Law went hand in
  hand.

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Talmud

• They believed that every time they were delivered
  from their enemies in the accounts in the Torah
  it was always because of
• G-ds grace.
• Now lets take a look at the Ketuba

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Ketuba

• Now were going to take a deeper look at the
  Ketuba, the Jewish marriage contract.
• The rabbis in ancient times insisted on the
  marriage couple entering into the Ketuba as a
  protection for the wife.

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Ketuba

• It is often misunderstood by Christians to be a
  bill of sale and that couldnt be further from
  the truth.

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Ketuba

• Disclaimer
• My dad holds that the Ketuba is a marriage
  contract
• In fact, the Ketuba represents the witnesses
  rather than the husband or the wife.

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Ketuba

• Through the Ketuba the witnesses attest to the
  groom's actions, promises, and statements, and to
  the bride's willing acceptance of the marriage
  proposal.

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Ketuba

• So whats the difference?
• A marriage contract is a contract between the two
  that are getting married.
• The Ketuba doesnt act that way.

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Ketuba

• The actual marriage agreement is when the man
  proposes to the woman and she then agrees to be
  wed. It is an oral contract at that time. The
  Ketuba is something after the fact and acts as a
  statement of intent from the man. It is a
  unilateral agreement!

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Ketuba

• A marriage contract as we understand it today is
  a legal document.
• In Judaism, any legal document has to be dated at
  the bottom.

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Ketuba

• The Ketuba is a civil document which is dated at
  the top. Thus again, I see it as a document of
  intent.

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Ketuba

• Does the husband have to follow through with his
  commitments of the Ketuba? Yes, of course and if
  not hell be taken to court on breach of his
  word.

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Ketuba

• That doesnt make the Ketuba a marriage contract
  even though it can be presented as evidence in
  the court.

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Ketuba

• Now, do many of the Rabbis call it a Marriage
  Contract? Yes, yes they do, but thats simply so
  people today can understand it easier.

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Ketuba

• Theyll even translate it as marriage contract
  in the Ketuba itself, but it should be translated
  as marriage document instead of marriage
  contract

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Ketuba

• But that isn't exactly what it is. And all the
  Orthodox Rabbis agree that it isnt an actual
  marriage contract.
• Sometimes I even call it a marriage contract, but
  thats because its easier then explaining all
  this.

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Ketuba

• Also when we look later at the actual document,
  youll see there is some verbiage that is
  impossible to use as a legal document.

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Ketuba

• For example, in it the man promises to honor his
  wife.
• Honoring someone, anyone is a hard thing to
  define in a court.

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Ketuba

• So in places, the wording is kind of flowery even
  though there are other parts that give a very
  definite amount of financial obligation.
• Those financial obligations have to be followed
  and are therefore binding.
• (End of disclaimer)

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Ketuba

• The Ketuba also isn't a marriage license.
• It is a charter of woman's rights in marriage and
  of man's duties.

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Ketuba

• The Ketuba is designed for woman's protection,
  and every nuance in this document was developed
  so that her husband wont regard it as easy to
  divorce her.

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Ketuba

• The Ketuba required money to be paid by the
  husband in case of undo divorce. This made it
  difficult for the husband to divorce his wife
  without appropriate reflection and
  consideration.

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Ketuba

• The requirement of a scribe and a specially
  convened court and witnesses for a divorce also
  protected the wife from an arbitrary husband.

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Ketuba

• Also, the Ketuba protected whatever property was
  to be hers at the termination of the marriage.
  This was protection for her as well as the
  children.

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Ketuba

• Because of this concern for the integrity of "the
  daughters of Israel," the Sages said that to live
  with a wife without a Ketuba, or without
  specification of fair conditions, is regarded as
  concubinage

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Ketuba

• In other words, the difference between a wife and
  a concubine is that a wife has a Ketuba, and a
  concubine does not.

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Ketuba

• Now the Ketuba only goes back as far as approx
  500-1000 BC, we dont know exactly.

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Ketuba

• We do know the actual Ketuba goes as far back as
  200 BC because we have a Ketuba that dates to
  that period.
• The oldest ones were found on Elephantine Island
  in Egypt.

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Ketuba

• It was considered that an unstructured marriage
  arrangement (no Ketuba) was fit only for a man
  and his concubine, that it placed the woman at an
  unfair advantage, and that it was beneath a
  Jewish woman to be so considered.

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Ketuba

• When the Jews of France were robbed of all their
  possessions and expelled by Philip Le Bel in
  1306, they moved en masse to Provence. Rashba
  (Shlomo ben Aderet)
• ordered that no married life be resumed there
  until

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Ketuba

• every man gave his wife a replacement Ketuba.
• This replacement Ketuba is required, even today,
  for everyone who has misplaced or lost the
  original Ketuba.

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Ketuba

• Many Christians have made comparisons between the
  Ketuba and the commitments between Yeshua and His
  Bride, the Church.

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Ketuba

• Problem with that is the Church is NOT His bride.
• Not ONCE in ALL of Scripture does it say the
  Church is His Bride.
• Now I have to explain this in detail

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Ketuba

• Israel is his bride!
• Jeremiah 312-14
• 12 Go and proclaim these words toward the north,
  and say, Return, thou backsliding Israel, saith
  the LORD and I will not cause mine anger to fall
  upon you for I am merciful, saith the LORD, and
  I will not keep anger for ever.
• 13 Only acknowledge thine iniquity, that thou
  hast transgressed against the LORD thy God, and
  hast scattered thy ways to the strangers under
  every green tree, and ye have not obeyed my
  voice, saith the LORD.
• 14 Turn, O backsliding children, saith the LORD
  for I am married unto you and I will take you
  one of a city, and two of a family, and I will
  bring you to Zion.

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Ketuba

• Isaiah 544-5
• KJV Isaiah 544 Fear not for thou shalt not be
  ashamed neither be thou confounded for thou
  shalt not be put to shame for thou shalt forget
  the shame of thy youth, and shalt not remember
  the reproach of thy widowhood any more.
• 5 For thy Maker is thine husband the LORD of
  hosts is his name and thy Redeemer the Holy One
  of Israel The God of the whole earth shall he be
  called.

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Ketuba

• Hosea 213-16
• 13 I will punish her for the days she burned
  incense to the Baals she decked herself with
  rings and jewelry, and went after her lovers, but
  me she forgot," declares the LORD.
• 14 "Therefore I am now going to allure her I
  will lead her into the desert and speak tenderly
  to her.
• 15 There I will give her back her vineyards, and
  will make the Valley of Achor a door of hope.
  There she will sing as in the days of her youth,
  as in the day she came up out of Egypt.
• 16 "In that day," declares the LORD, "you will
  call me 'my husband' you will no longer call me
  'my master.
• Oh thats Old Testament!

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Ketuba

• Revelation 219-12
• 9 And there came unto me one of the seven angels
  which had the seven vials full of the seven last
  plagues, and talked with me, saying, Come hither,
  I will shew thee the bride, the Lamb's wife.
• 10 And he carried me away in the spirit to a
  great and high mountain, and shewed me that great
  city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of
  heaven from God,
• 11 Having the glory of God and her light was
  like unto a stone most precious, even like a
  jasper stone, clear as crystal 12 And had a wall
  great and high, and had twelve gates, and at the
  gates twelve angels, and names written thereon,
  which are the names of the twelve tribes of the
  children of Israel

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Ketuba

• But, but, but, what about these verses???
• 2 Cor 111-2
• KJV 2 Corinthians 111 Would to God ye could bear
  with me a little in my folly and indeed bear
  with me.
• 2 For I am jealous over you with godly jealousy
  for I have espoused you to one husband, that I
  may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ.

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Ketuba
Husband is not there!
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Ketuba

• What about Romans 74???
• 4 Wherefore, my brethren, ye also are become dead
  to the law by the body of Christ that ye should
  be married to another, even to him who is raised
  from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit
  unto God.

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Ketuba

• Lets look at the Greek again

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Ketuba

• Gotta watch translations!!!
• They can be the death of us.
• So Israel is the bride.
• Who are the Believers?

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Ketuba

• Believers are the bridegroom!
• Yeshua is the Head and we are THE BODY!
• We all knew that.
• Somehow Christianity got all confused.

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Ketuba

• Most think were the Body AND the Bride.
• How could this happen???
• Why so much confusion???

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Ketuba

• Because the Church Fathers didnt want Israel to
  be in the show.
• They took Israel completely out of the picture no
  matter what the cost.

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Ketuba

• Israel cant be the Bride!
• So they usurped Israel.
• No surprise there.

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Ketuba

• To this very day 99.9 of every commentary out
  there says that the Church is the Bride of
  Christ.
• 99.9 of every Christian out there will tell you
  the same thing. The Church is the Bride of Christ.

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Ketuba

• Its a pretty basic doctrine.
• We learn pretty early in our Christian walk that
  the Church is the Bride of Christ and weve
  believed it for a long time.

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Ketuba

• But its a lie.
• Its not a mistake, mistakes are done on
  accident.
• The Church Fathers knew full well what they were
  doing.

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Ketuba

• Its a lie that has been propagated for 2,000
  years.
• Just a few Messianic leaders have brought this
  out only in the last 20 years.
• Thats how long its gone unchecked.

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Ketuba

• Its not going unchecked any longer.
• Times are changing even here in Wenatchee, WA.
• Its time these doctrines are exposed

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Ketuba

• Many of you have had a nagging feeling that there
  was something wrong with many of these Church
  doctrines.
• Thats why youre here.

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Ketuba

• The Church 50 years ago said that G-d is done
  with the Jews.
• Well my Church doesnt teach that!
• They may not now, but you can thank the Messianic
  Movement for that.

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Ketuba

• That was a widely accepted doctrine but
  Messianics started questioning the obvious
• Jesus died for everyone except the Jews? Are you
  sure about that?

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Ketuba

• Because that is the root of that doctrine and
  thats exactly what the Church Fathers taught.

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Ketuba

• Jesus came to the Jews, they rejected Him so He
  went to the Gentiles and now were in the time of
  the Gentiles a.k.a. the dispensation of Grace.

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Ketuba

• According to this doctrine, the Jews got three
  and a half years plus a little to the time of
  Paul till he even got sick of the Jews.

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Ketuba

• The Gentiles have had over 2000 years (this is
  just?) and theyve done such a great job with so
  little time.

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Ketuba

• The truth is, the oracles of G-d have always been
  entrusted to His Chosen people, the Gentiles are
  grafted in provided they keep Torah and

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Ketuba

• what control the Gentiles did usurp, they botched
  up right from the beginning when they took over
  the Church in Jerusalem after the Bar Kochba War

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Ketuba

• Im sorry but the facts are the facts.
• This doesnt mean Messianic Jews are supposed to
  be bitter about it but

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Ketuba

• the sooner the Gentile Church faces this the
  sooner we can all get past it and get the work of
  the L-rd done.
• If all they (the Gentile Church) do is continue
  to propagate the lie

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Ketuba

• And continues to try and take the place of the
  Jewish people, then Messinaics have no choice but
  to expose them by simply holding the light to the
  darkness.

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Ketuba

• Theyll call us all kinds of names as we do that
  like
• Legalists, Judaizers, Cults, Builders up the
  Middle Wall of Partition, Trouble Makers,
  Followers of Rabbinics, Talmudists etc.
• Say what they will, Im not going away.

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Ketuba

• Now, some try to say that both the Church and
  Israel are His Bride.
• I reply, Im sorry, did you just call Jesus a
  polygamist? ?

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Ketuba

• So why are Christians trying so hard to hold on
  to them being the Bride?

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Ketuba

• As I said before, anti-Semitism is the root but
  not everyone is believing this for anti-Semitic
  reasons. Theres another reason for some
• Misunderstanding of Culture!

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Ketuba

• In the West who is the figure who has the most
  focus in a wedding?
• In Jewish culture of the First Century who had
  the most focus?

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• So many Christians today are trying to make the
  focus on the Bride. When in fact, we as Believers
  in Yeshua have the most focus, we are HIS BODY!!!
  The Body of the Bridegroom.

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• See, we have to understand the culture of the
  Jewish people to properly understand
• G-ds Word.
• This is why American doctrine and Hebraic
  doctrine can never be reconciled!

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• Now back to the Ketuba. Lets take a look at the
  actual document and Ill break it down for you.
• (READ KETUBA) then end.

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• Now, well break it down
• The Date and Place of the Wedding
• On the day_____ of the week, the _____day of the
  month_____ in the year_____ since the creation of
  the world according to the reckoning which we are
  accustomed to use here in the city of__________
  in__________
• The Date. The law prescribes that the date appear
  at the beginning in private agreements, but at
  the end in court agreements. Though some may say
  that the document has court status, that is not
  true.

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• The Place.
• A get (divorce document) contains more
  geographical information (e.g., mention of a
  neighboring river).

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• The Names.
• Their Hebrew names, their fathers' names. A
  father's name is used in legal matters, just as a
  father's family name has always been used in
  legal affairs. Added to their names is also the
  appellation for a rabbinic scholar, Rav, or
  priestly or Levitic descent, kohen or Levi.

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• The Proposal.
• It includes the original proposal"Be thou my
  wife according to the law of Moses and of
  Israel". is testified by the witnesses that the
  groom in fact proposed to the bride. The formula
  has remained intact for some two thousand years.
  The Talmud considered variants, but this language
  of proposal endured.

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• The Groom Promises the Basic Support
• "... and I will cherish, honor, support and
  maintain you in accordance with the custom of
  Jewish husbands who cherish, honor, support and
  maintain their wives faithfully. "
• Support. This is referred to as the alimentation
  clause. Providing support is elemental in
  marriage, and is considered so obvious that the
  Talmud makes no reference to it. But the phrase
  is so beautiful and appropriate that it appears
  in the ketubah not only once but twice, "
  cherish, honor, support... cherish, honor,
  support....
• Funds for the Wife, If and When the Marriage
  Terminates
• "And I here present you with the marriage gift of
  (virgins), (two hundred) silver zuzim, which
  belongs to you, according the the law of Moses
  and Israel and I will also give you your food,
  clothing and necessities, and live with you as
  husband and wife according to universal custom."
• The Mohar.
• The funds, called mohar, are so important that
  this clause is called the basic part of the
  ketubah, or simply the ketubah. Mohar is the
  gift the groom gives the bride, as Eliezer,
  Abraham's servant, gave "precious things" to
  Laban, Rebecca's father, and as Jacob gave seven
  years of service for the hand of Rachel. The
  great sage and the ketubah's most important
  author, Rabbi Simeon ben Shetach (Zugote,
  Universal Education in Israel and killed the 80
  witches in Askelon), decreed that this serve as
  protection for the bride rather than only a gift,
  and ordained that the funds were not given but
  set aside for the bride. During marriage,
  therefore, it was considered a debt which was
  paid only in case of death or divorce, and the
  mohar thus became a divorce or life insurance
  settlement rather than a mere marriage gift. This
  arrangement also enabled poor grooms to marry
  without any immediate monetary expenditure.
• The Law of the Torah. There is a running dispute
  between the Jerusalem Talmud and the Babylonian
  Talmud as to whether this settlement, is
  biblically or rabbinically mandated.
• I personally believe it is Biblically mandated.
  For one because of the type of verbage it
  mentions the word zuz (plural zuzim) which
  itselfdates to 200 bc

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