American History Chapter 6: The Expansion of American Industry

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American History Chapter 6 The Expansion of
American Industry

• I. A Technological Revolution

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Objectives of LessonKey Concepts

• Learn how daily lives changed in the decades
  following the Civil War.
• Find out how advances in electric power and
  communication affected people and businesses in
  this era.
• Discover the effects the development of railroads
  had on industrial growth.
• Think about the impact of the Bessemer process on
  American culture.

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Attention Getter

• Typewriter Phonograph telegraph
• Telephone
• What is the most important invention? Why?

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Recall Prior Knowledge

• How many times do you use the telephone per day?
• If you lived before the telephone was invented
  how would you communicate?
• How would your life be different without
  telephones?
• Lets find out about early forms of communication!

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A) Setting the Scene

• Samuel Morse in 1844 sends the first successful
  telegram from Washington DC to Baltimore.
• US on the verge of a second industrial revolution
• New inventions will change our lives
• Picture early form of telegraph

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B) Changes in Daily Life

• No internal electricity in house went to bed at
  dark and up at first light unless had money for
  candles and lamps
• Ice cost too much saved it in ice houses
• Took over a month for mail to go coast to coast
• Patent and Trademark Office issued patents on new
  inventions
• patents licenses that give an inventor the
  exclusive right to make, use or sell an invention
• Productivity amount of goods and services
  created in a given period of time
• Productivity in US growing fast. By 1900, US
  standard of living was one of the highest in the
  world.

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C) New Forms of Energy

• In 1858, Edwin L Drake strikes oil in Titusville,
  Pennsylvania.
• Drilling for oil cheaper then digging
• Oil companies made kerosene, gasoline was the
  byproduct and was thrown away until the
  automobile invented.
• Thomas A. Edison invented the light bulb in
  1880 by 1882 had set up the first electric
  power plant
• (CLICK ON HYPERLINK FOR MOVIE ON EDISON)
• Lewis Latimer improved light bulbs son of a
  slave
• George Westinghouse used alternating current
  traveled farther with the help of transformers to
  boost power
• Edison created General Electric Westinghouse
  created Westinghouse Electric

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• Electric sewing machine in 1889 led to ready made
  clothing growth
• With electricity the Refrigerator was possible

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D) Advances in Communications

• Samuel F.B. Morse perfected the telegraph 1844
• Western Union formed
• Alexander Graham Bell invented the talking
  telegraph in 1876 at the age of 29.
• Set up the American Telephone and Telegraph
  Company
• 1879 first telephone in White House by 1900 1.5
  million telephones
• Picture Alexander Graham Bell

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E) Railroads Create a National Network

• Transcontinental railroad railway extending
  from coast to coast
• Government paid for it not as efficient if
  private industry paid for it
• Construction began on the Pacific Coast and at
  the Mississippi meet in the middle
• Irish immigrants worked for the Union Pacific and
  Chinese immigrants worked on the Central Pacific
• Met at Promontory Summit Utah in 1869 (Picture)
• Time Zones created to help scheduling
• Railroads were good because they were faster,
  cheaper, created national markets, model for big
  business, stimulated other industries.

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F) The Bessemer Process

• Bessemer Process easier and cheaper way to make
  steel
• Mass production production in great amounts
• Steal is lighter and stronger than iron
• Because of the Bessemer Process, companies could
  now mass produce steal
• Brooklyn Bridge built Chicago Reliance Building
  built
• These became symbols of American inventiveness
  and hard work
• Picture Chicago Reliance building then and now

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Review

• Why did peoples daily lives change in the
  decades following the Civil War?
• How did advances in electric power and
  communication affect life for people and
  businesses?
• What effects did the development of railroads
  have on industrial growth?
• What was the impact of the Bessemer process on
  American culture?

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Process Information

• What are some of the ways in which new technology
  revolutionized American life in the years
  following the Civil War?

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Finished Section 6.1

• Once you finish, go back to the web-page and
  download and print quiz 6.1. After completing
  the quiz, send an e-mail to me with your answers.
  In the subject line put (your first and last
  name quiz 6.1)
• When you finish with that check with the
  syllabus to find out when section 6.2 needs to be
  completed
• Good Luck!