Overview of the International classification of occupations (ISCO) A case for Uganda

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Overview of the International classification of
occupations (ISCO) A case for Uganda

• Ssennono vincent

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Contents

• Sources of labour statistics
• Why urban labour force surveys
• Type of labour statistics
• Achievements
• Coding of occupations
• Limitations
• recommendatios

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Sources of Labour Statistics

• Censuses and Sample Surveys
• Conducted by UBOS
• Administrative Records
• Ministry of Gender, labour and Social Development
• Records from Other Organizations
• FUE, NOTU, UIA, UMA, NSSF, Dept of Immigration,
  etc

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Censuses

• 1991 and 2002 Populations Censuses
• Collected little information on the status of the
  labour force
• 1990 , 2002 and 2010 Census of Business
  Establishments
• Collected information on employment
• 1978 Census of Civil Servants
• Collected detailed information but for Civil
  Servants ONLY

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Censuses

• Collect limited information about the Status of
  the labour force
• Activity Status
• Industry
• Occupation
• Can generate information for small administrative
  areas such as districts

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Specific Sample Surveys

• Enumeration of Employees 1968
• Covered employees only in the formal Sector
• HH Budget Survey 1988/89
• National Manpower Survey of 1989
• Covered Characteristics and structure of skilled
  manpower in the formal Sector
• Integrated HH Surveys 1992/93
• A few questions on activity Status were asked
• Monitoring Surveys 1993/94, 1994/95, 1995/96

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Specific Sample Surveys

• HH Survey of 1997 with a Pilot Labour module
• Demographic and Health Surveys 1988/89,
  2000/2001, 2006
• Uganda Household Survey 1999/2000, 2002/2003,
  2005/06, 2009/10
• Labour Market condition, 2006
• Labour Market condition, 2007
• Labour Market condition, 2011(planned)

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Specific Sample Surveys

• Employment and earning surveys, 2007
• hours of work per job
• Average wage per job
• Overtime payment
• Number of vacancies
• Occupational injuries
• National panel surveys- 2005/06 and 2009/2010
• Annual Urban labour force surveys-2009

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Why urban annual labour force survey

• Monitor unemployment rate in urban areas
• Limited resource
• Quality of data- self reporting and reducing
  respondent fatigue

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Administrative Records

• Registration of the unemployed by MGLSD- poor
  coverage
• Records of individual employers
• Data from employer or employee organizations e.g.
  NOTU and FUE
• Job Adverts in newspaper

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Type Labour Statistics

• Status in Employment of persons
• Unemployment Rate
• Labour force participation rate
• Industry and Occupation
• Monthly earnings
• Time realated Underemployment
• Labour slack

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Type of Labour Statistics

• Working poor
• Labour absorption rate
• Share of women in wage employment
• Size of subsistence vs non subsistence
• Wage rates in selected occupation
• Size of public sector employment

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Achievements

• Design a full fledged labour force survey
  instruments
• questionnaire
• Sampling
• Manual of instruction
• Carried out a an independent labour force survey
  in urban areas
• Improved funding from government
• Targeted dissemination

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Components of labour underutilization Components of labour underutilization Components of labour underutilization Components of labour underutilization Components of labour underutilization Components of labour underutilization Components of labour underutilization Components of labour underutilization
               
Labour slack Labour slack       25.5 21.4 30.4
? Unemployed ? Unemployed       13.0 6.6 20.7
? Time-related underemployed ? Time-related underemployed ? Time-related underemployed ? Time-related underemployed   10.2 13.9 5.8
? Discouraged workers ? Discouraged workers ? Discouraged workers ? Discouraged workers   1.3 0.3 2.6
? Other not economically active persons, currently available for work ? Other not economically active persons, currently available for work ? Other not economically active persons, currently available for work ? Other not economically active persons, currently available for work   0.9 0.5 1.4
               
Skills underutilization Skills underutilization       10.5 13.9 6.6
- 2nd, 3rd and 4th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major group 9 - 2nd, 3rd and 4th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major group 9 - 2nd, 3rd and 4th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major group 9 - 2nd, 3rd and 4th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major group 9   4.3 6.1 2.2
- 5th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 4-9 - 5th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 4-9 - 5th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 4-9 - 5th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 4-9   6.1 7.7 4.2
- 6th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 3-9 - 6th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 3-9 - 6th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 3-9 - 6th level education in occupations ISCO-88 major groups 3-9   0.1 0.1 0.1
               
Low earnings Low earnings       4.0 2.8 5.5
? Full-time employed (40-48 hrs per week) with low monthly earnings ? Full-time employed (40-48 hrs per week) with low monthly earnings ? Full-time employed (40-48 hrs per week) with low monthly earnings ? Full-time employed (40-48 hrs per week) with low monthly earnings   0.3 0.1 0.5
? Part-time employed (lt40 hrs per week) with low hourly earnings ? Part-time employed (lt40 hrs per week) with low hourly earnings ? Part-time employed (lt40 hrs per week) with low hourly earnings ? Part-time employed (lt40 hrs per week) with low hourly earnings   0.0 0.0 0.0
? Over-employed (gt48 hrs per week) ? Over-employed (gt48 hrs per week) ? Over-employed (gt48 hrs per week) ? Over-employed (gt48 hrs per week)   3.7 2.7 5.0
- with low monthly earnings - with low monthly earnings - with low monthly earnings - with low monthly earnings   3.7 2.7 5.0
- above monthly earnings threshold, but with low hourly earnings - above monthly earnings threshold, but with low hourly earnings - above monthly earnings threshold, but with low hourly earnings - above monthly earnings threshold, but with low hourly earnings   0.0 0.0 0.0
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Coding of occupation (ISCO-1988) surveys

• Main and secondary occupations
• What was (names) main/secondary occupation in
  the last 7 days. DESCRIBE THE OCCUPATION AND IN
  AT LEAST 2 WORDS.
• enumerator coding up to 3 digits
• Localization some occupations
• Importance of the occupations e.g Boda boda
• Professional jobs
• Both description and code are entered for post
  editing

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Coding of occupation- ctd

• Employment and earning surveys
• Occupational hierarchy
• identified common occupations by branch of
  economic activity e.g for health institution-
  surgeons, nurses, midwifery, dentists, lab
  technologists etc
• similarly for manufacturing, education etc

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Occupation coding in censuses

• Office coding
• coding instruction
• coders
• Supervisor

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limitation

• Localization of some occupations
• Cost of office coding especially in census
• Different languages
• unclear and tricky responses
• little technical support by ILO

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Recommendations

• Countries should come together to harmonise
  concepts and definitions for international
  comparability
• Like OECD countries, Africa should form a body to
  spear head labour issues in the ICLS and to help
  other African countries to improve.
• Improve the Metadata of labour statistics

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THE WAY TO GO The Way Of The AntsSimple
Agents, Simple Tasks, Simple Rules
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THEIR THEORY? More Is Better
Minimum threshold levels are red to make
intelligent assessments of the global state.
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THEIR CONTROLS? Indirect Specialization and
Coordination
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• Thank you