the Action Occurs

1
Adverb Clauses
HOW,
WHEN,
WHERE,
WHY,
AND UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS

• the Action Occurs

2
Adverb Clause
is
A subordinate clause A group of words that contains a subject and predicate that does not express a complete thought.
That modifies Tells how, when, where, why or under what condition the action occurs
A verb Action, state or relationship
3
Look and See it, Listen and Hear it

• Miss Marie talks about adverb clauses
• Miss Marie teaches English in Canada, therefore
  her terminology is different.
• Adverb clauses modify verbs only!
• They do not modify adjectives or adverbs.
• Adverb phrases modify adjectives and adverbs.
• The conjunction for linking the subordinate
  clause to the main clause is a Subordinating
  Conjunction, not a conjunctive adverb. A
  conjunctive adverb is the type of adverb.

Remember to adjust the volume and expand to full
screen
4
What it does

• Tells
• How
• Two people can enjoy a movie, if they can agree
  on what movie to see.
• How can two people enjoy a movie?
• if they can agree on what movie to see

Note Answers to the adverbial questions are
sentence fragments.
5
What it does

• Tells
• How
• When
• After we go to the store, we can have lunch.
• When can we have lunch?
• after we go to the store

Note Answers to the adverbial questions are
sentence fragments.
6
What it does

• Tells
• How
• When
• Where
• Profanity is not acceptable where young children
  are playing.
• Where is profanity not acceptable?
• where young children are playing

Note Answers to the adverbial questions are
sentence fragments.
7
What it does

• Tells
• How
• When
• Where
• Why
• I am going to ask Sally to the prom because she
  is a pretty girl.
• Why am I going to ask Sally to the prom?
• because she is a pretty girl

Note Answers to the adverbial questions are
sentence fragments.
8
What it does

• Tells
• How
• When
• Where
• Why
• Under what conditions
• If I get up late, Mom will drive me to school.
• Under what condition will Mom drive me to school?
  
• if I get up late

Note Answers to the adverbial questions are
sentence fragments.
9
Linking the clauses

• Subordinate clauses are linked to the main clause
  by Subordinating Conjunctions.

How When Where Why Under what conditions
since after while because unless
if before where although even if
in order that until where, wherever so that even though
whether when, whenever though provided that
as once than
as if while that
This is not an exhaustive list. Some of these words can be used to answer other adverbial questions. Than and that can answer adjectival questions. This is not an exhaustive list. Some of these words can be used to answer other adverbial questions. Than and that can answer adjectival questions. This is not an exhaustive list. Some of these words can be used to answer other adverbial questions. Than and that can answer adjectival questions. This is not an exhaustive list. Some of these words can be used to answer other adverbial questions. Than and that can answer adjectival questions. This is not an exhaustive list. Some of these words can be used to answer other adverbial questions. Than and that can answer adjectival questions.
10
How to find it

• First find the verbs and the predicates.
• Second find the subjects.
• If the subject is preceded by a subordinate
  conjunction if is a subordinate clause. If the
  subordinate clause answers an adverbial question
  (how, when, where, why or under what conditions),
  it is an adverb clause.

Because tells why
Because we will be building complex sentences,
this class needs to understand and identify
adverb clauses.
Because we will be building complex sentences,
this class needs to understand and identify
adverb clauses.
Because we will be building complex sentences,
this class needs to understand and identify
adverb clauses.
Because we will be building complex sentences,
this class needs to understand and identify
adverb clauses.
11
Look and See it, Listen and Hear it

• What is an adverb clause
• Just another explanation

After you watch this video, you may have a better
understanding of adverb clauses.
After you watch this video, you may have a better
understanding of adverb clauses.
Remember to adjust the volume and expand to full
screen
12
How it works - Placement

• at the end

• at the beginning

Subordinate Clause
Main Clause
Because they spend a lot of time studying,
Students with good grades get into less trouble
students with good grades
get into less trouble.
because they
spend a lot of time studying.
Subordinate Clause
Main Clause
Which order is better? End with the more
important idea. This makes the reader remember
it better.
Note Capital letters were changed because of
standard sentence capitalization rules. Comma
was added after the introductory subordinate
clause.
13
How it works -Punctuation

• Separation by Comma

A comma is usually not used if the adverb clause
is at the end of the sentence.
If an adverb clause begins a sentence, a comma is
used after it.
If an adverb clause begins a sentence, a comma is
used after it.
A comma is usually not used if the adverb clause
is at the end of the sentence.

• If his brother lets him have the car, Marcel is
  going to ask the new girl on a date.

• Marcel is going to ask the new girl on a date if
  his brother lets him have the car.

No Comma here
Comma here
14
Example of Explication

• He read the passage as if he had done it before.
• Main clause He read the passage
• Adverb clause as if he had done it before
• tells HOW the action was done
• How did he read the passage? as if he had done
  it before
• Subordinate conjunction as if
• No punctuation because the clause comes at the
  end of the sentence.

15
Just for Fun
Subject
Predicate
Subordinate Conjunction
Diagramming Diagramming indicates parts of
speech not word order of the sentence. It is a
visual picture of the sentence structure.
Main Clause
Predicate
Subject
Subordinate Clause or Adverb Clause
Note The subordinate (or dependent) clause is
below the main (or independent) clause, even if
it appears first in the sentence. The connector
is attached to the predicate since it modifies
the verb
16
Just for Fun

• Whenever you read, I listen.

I
listen

• Diagramming
• Diagramming indicates parts of speech not word
  order of the sentence. It is a visual picture of
  the sentence structure.

Main Clause
Whenever
you
read
Subordinate Clause or Adverb Clause
17
Your Turn
Juan ordered pizza after he found out what
everyone wanted on it.
Juan ordered pizza after he found out what
everyone wanted on it.
Juan ordered pizza after he found out what
everyone wanted on it.

• Find the adverb clause
• What is the subject, predicate of each clause?
• Which clause is the main, subordinate clause?
• What is the subordinating conjunction?
• What adverbial question is being asked?

• When did Juan order the pizza?
• after he found out what everyone wanted on it

18
Your Turn
When I get there, Ill give you a call.
When I get there, Ill give you a call.
When I get there, Ill give you a call.

• Find the adverb clause
• What is the subject, predicate of each clause?
• Which clause is the main, subordinate clause?
• What is the subordinating conjunction?
• What adverbial question is being asked?

• When will I give you a call?
• when I get there

19
Your Turn
We will cheer for Bob as he crosses the finish
line.
We will cheer for Bob as he crosses the finish
line.
We will cheer for Bob as he crosses the finish
line.

• Find the adverb clause
• What is the subject, predicate of each clause?
• Which clause is the main, subordinate clause?
• What is the subordinating conjunction?
• What adverbial question is being asked?

• When and where will we cheer for Bob?
• as he crosses the finish line

20
Your Turn
If your teacher grades your assignments, you will
know that you understand the material.
If your teacher grades your assignments, you will
know that you understand the material.
If your teacher grades your assignments, you will
know that you understand the material.

• Find the adverb clause
• What is the subject, predicate of each clause?
• Which clause is the main, subordinate clause?
• What is the subordinating conjunction?
• What adverbial question is being asked?

• Under what condition will you know how well you
  understand the material?
• if your teacher grades your assignment

Note that you understand the material is an
adjective clause because it acts as the DO to
know.
21
Your Turn
See Note
Because Rachel had broken her leg before the
coach sent in the roster, she did not go to
sectionals.
Because Rachel had broken her leg before the
coach sent in the roster, she did not go to
sectionals.
Because Rachel had broken her leg before the
coach sent in the roster, she did not go to
sectionals.

• Find the adverb clause
• What is the subject, predicate of each clause?
• Which clause is the main, subordinate clause?
• What is the subordinating conjunction?
• What adverbial question is being asked?

Why did she (Rachel) not go to sectionals? When had Rachel broken her leg?
because Rachel had broken her leg before the coach sent in the roster
Note before the coach sent in the roster
modifies the adverb clause Before Rachel had
broken her leg.
22
Your Turn
While he was studying, Alex understood the
material, but he couldnt remember a thing after
he played video games all night.
While he was studying, Alex understood the
material, but he couldnt remember a thing after
he played video games all night.
While he was studying, Alex understood the
material, but he couldnt remember a thing after
he played video games all night.

• Find the adverb clause
• What is the subject, predicate of each clause?
• Which clause is the main, subordinate clause?
• What is the subordinating conjunction?
• What adverbial question is being asked?

When did Alex understand the material? When could he not remember a thing?
while he was studying after he played video games all night
Note two complex sentences connected by the
conjunction but.
23
Try this!

• Learn 4 Good Exercise
• Answer all questions

• Grammar Bytes Exercise
• Answer questions 1,2,3,9,10,16 17

24
References

• O'Brien, E. (2011).Diagramming Clauses .Retrieved
  from http//www.english-grammar-revolution.com/dia
  gramming-clauses.html
• Royster, J. J., Lester, M., Ligature, Inc.
  (1999). Writers choice grammar and composition.
  New York Glencoe, McGraw-Hill.
• Simmons, R.L. (2011). The adverb clause.
  Retrieved from http/www.chompchomp.com/
  terms/adverbclause.htm.

25
Graphics credits

• Photos Barbara Enoch
• Grammar Bytes Simmons, Robin L. (2011) by
  permission at lthttp//chompchomp.com/menu.htmgt.
• Learn 4 Good By permission (D. von Chamier,
  personal communication, February 21, 2011)

26
Hyperlink credits

• Adverb clause examples. Retrieved from
  lthttp//www.learn4good.com/languages/evrd_grammar/
  adverb_clauses_ex.htmgt
• Rackham, M. (Writer). (2009). Advanced grammar
  adverb clauses . Available from
  http//www.youtube.com/watch?vylvCDgd4_fA
• Selcke, Paul (Writer). (2009). What is an adverb
  clause? Available from http//www.youtube.com/watc
  h?vG6bfbdqJPiYNR1featurefvwp
• Simmons, Robin (2011) Commas exercise 5.
  Retrieved from lthttp//chompchomp.com/hotpotatoe
  s/commas05a.htmgt. Permission at
  http//www.chompchomp.com/presentations.htm