True or False: The Earth

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True or False The Earths surface has stayed the
same for thousands of years
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True or False The Earths surface has stayed the
same for thousands of years
False
The Earths surface is always changing!
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Weathering and Erosion
Wind Water Ice Gravity
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Weathering

• The breakdown of the Earths crust into smaller
  pieces.

Weathering causes soil formation
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Water causes weathering
What evidence of weathering do you see in this
picture?
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Wind causes weathering
Why wasnt this mass of land weathered away?
What evidence of weathering do you see in this
picture?
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Ice Heat cause weathering
Describe how ice/heat cause weathering?
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Erosion

• The process of water, ice, wind or gravity moving
  fragments of rock and soil.

What evidence of erosion do you see in this
picture?
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Erosion is Movement of Sediment!

• Erosion is gradually wearing down the surface of
  the earth.
• Erosion carves the Earth's surface creating
  canyons, gorges, and even beaches.

What do you think has caused this rock to look
this way?
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1) Wind Erosion

• As the wind blows it picks up small particles of
  sand/sediment and blasts large rocks with the
  abrasive particles, cutting and shaping the rock.

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Wind Erosion
Creates sand dunes
Greatest impact in deserts
Removes fertile topsoil
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2) Water Causes Erosion

• runoff, rivers and, streams

1)
3)
Creates MOST of the changes in the Earth's
landscape!
2)
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Canyons
This simple animation provides you with a
visualization of how the Colorado River has
"downcut" into the rock layers of the Grand
Canyon. How long it took to carve the Grand
Canyon is debated bygeologists. Some estimates
are between 6 and 8 million years, which is very
recent by comparison.
Canyons are large valleys created by a river or
stream.
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3) Ice Causes Erosion
Glaciers wear down the landscape by picking up
and carrying debris that moves across the land
along with the ice.
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Ice Causes Erosion

• Glaciers can pick up and carry sediment that
  ranges in size from sand grains to boulders
  bigger than houses !!!

Moving like a conveyor belt and a bulldozer, a
single glacier can move millions of tons of
material!
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4) Gravity causes erosion

• Creep, Slump, Landslides, Mudslides, and
  Avalanches.

Slower
Faster
These are examples of mass movement (or called
mass wasting)
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Did you know? Plants CAN CAUSE weathering !!!
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BUT, Plants CAN PREVENT erosion.
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The Candy Cane Lab!

• Materials
• 1. One candy cane
• 2. Regular pencil and a red colored pencil
• 3. Lab experiment paper
• 4. Piece of waxed paper

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Time to begin!

• 1. Draw the candy cane in box 1 on your lab
  sheet. Scientific Illustration! (Color, size,
  etc.)
• 2. Unwrap your candy cane.
• 3. Place in your mouth, you may suck on it but no
  biting or crunching !!! (No natural disasters)
• 4. The timer will tell you when to take the
  candy out of your mouth. Two minutes for each
  box.

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Draw

• Look closely at your candy cane. Draw the candy
  cane in box 2. Be sure to draw the changes.
• Size
• Color !!
• Shape
• texture

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vZNJe6hrdL3Mfeatur
eyoutube_gdata_player
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Repeat 4 more times
1 2 3
4 5 6
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Think

• How is your candy cane and a rock the same?
• Think about the pressure of sucking on your candy
  cane .
• Think about the saliva and what it represents.
• What other elements of weathering were present?
• How did your candy cane weather?
• Why?

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• I hope you learned about weathering and enjoyed
  the TASTY TREAT !
• Remember Weathering is the breaking of a rocks
  into smaller pieces.
• Erosion is the movement of those pieces from one
  place to another!
• Make sure your name is on your paper.
• Turn in for your assessment on weathering.

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Deposition

• Rock particles that are picked up and transported
  during erosion will ultimately be deposited
  somewhere else
• Deposition is the process by which sediments
  (small particles of rock) are laid down in new
  locations.
• Together, Erosion and Deposition build new
  landforms.
• Deltas
• Canyons
• Meanders
• Floodplains

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Delta

• Where rivers meet the ocean is called the mouth
  of the river. Soil and dirt carried by these
  rivers is deposited at the mouth, and new land is
  formed. The new, soil-rich land is known as a
  Delta

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Meanders
Meandering streams wander side to side as they
constantly seek out the lowest elevation. This
constant motion creates a series of S-shaped
loops.
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Meanders
Stream Velocity varies from one side to the other
side of the S, resulting in erosion in some
places and deposition of sediments in others.
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Floodplains

• Floodplains form along the banks of mid-order
  streams and larger rivers.
• These are low-lying areas along the sides of a
  river channel that have regular times of heavy
  waterflow to cause the river to spill over and
  flood the land.