Birth of the New World

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Birth of the New World

• 13 Original Colonies

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New England ColoniesMR. CaN

• Massachusetts
• Rhode Island
• Connecticut
• and
• New Hampshire

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MassachusettsPlymouth Colony 1620

• Pilgrims received a charter to settle in America
• Pilgrims -Separatists who left for religious
  freedom
• Mayflower went off course
• landed in Plymouth, MA
• Mayflower Compact Promised to obey the laws
  passed for the general good of the colony
• 1st self-government in America

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Mayflower Compact

• In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are
  listed below, the loyal subjects of our dread
  sovereign (authority) Lord, King James, by the
  grace of GodHaving started, for the glory of
  God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and
  honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant
  the first colony in the northern parts of
  Virginia, doin the presence of God, and one of
  another, promise and combine our selves
  together into a civil body politic (government),
  for our better ordering and preservation and
  furtherance of the ends mentioned above and by
  virtue hereof to enact (pass), constitute, and
  frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts,
  constitutions and offices, from time to time, as
  shall be thought most meet and convenient for the
  general good of the Colony, unto which we promise
  all due submission and obedience. In witness
  whereof we have hereunder subscribed our names at
  Cape Cod, the eleventh of November New Style,
  November 21, in the year of the reign of our
  sovereign lord, King James, of England, France,
  and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the
  fifty-fourth. Anno Domini 1620.

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Massachusetts Massachusetts Bay 1630 (Boston)

• Puritans - Protestants who wanted to reform
  (purify) The Church of England
• Received a royal charter to leave for religious
  freedom to practice their religion without
  persecution
• Create a society based on the Bible
• Town meetings (democratic government )
• Only white male church members could vote

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New Hampshire

• Proprietary/ royal colony
• 1638 founded by John Wheelwright
• Main town - Portsmouth
• Led group of nonconformist Puritans from MA to
  Exeter, NH for religious freedom
• Drew up Exeter Compact-based on Mayflower Compact
  (self government)
• Good fishing

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Connecticut

• Thomas Hooker- Puritan minister dissatisfied with
  MA leadership
• Want more freedom
• 1636 led his congregation southeast of MA
  through the wilderness
• Founded Hartford 3 years later formed a charter
  colony joining 3 towns
• The foundation of authority is laid in the free
  consent of the people." - Thomas Hooker
• Adopted a governmental plan- Fundamental Orders
  of Connecticut 1st constitution in America

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Fundamental Orders of CT

• Forasmuch as it has pleased Almighty God by the
  wise character of His Divine Providence (His
  Holy Wisdom) so to order and dispose of things
  that we, the inhabitants and residents of
  Windsor, Hartford, and Wethersfield are now
  cohabiting and dwelling in and upon the
  Conectecotte (Connecticut) and the lands
  thereunto adjoining (touching) and well knowing
  where a people are gathered together the Word of
  God requires that, to maintain the peace and
  union of such a people, there should be an
  orderly and decent government established
  according to God, to order and dispose of the
  affairs of the people at all season as occasion
  shall require do therefore associate and unite
  ourselves to be as one public state or
  commonwealthAs also in our civil (political)
  affairs to be guided and governed according to
  such laws, rules, orders, and decrees as shall be
  made, ordered and decreed, as follows
• Laws, Rules, and Orders (examples)
• 1) there shall be yearly two general assemblies
  or courts
• 4) no one person be chosen governor above once
  in two yearsandbe a member of the approved
  congregation (group)

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Rhode Island

• Founded by Roger Williams
• 1636 Received a charter founded Providence
• Against taking Native American land
• Religious freedom toleration
• Separation of church state
• Founded the 1st Baptist Church in America

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Middle Colonies2 New Pens Dware

• New York
• New Jersey
• Pennsylvania
• Delaware

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New York

• 1624 Dutch West India Company
• Main city- New Amsterdam (New York City)
• German, Swedish, Dutch, Finnish settlers
• Excellent trade using the Hudson River a good
  harbor
• English wanted it attacked in 1664
• Viewed as a threat to other English trade
  settlements
• Dutch surrendered

• Proprietary/Royal Colony
• Gift to the Duke of York
• Renamed - New York

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New Jersey

• 1664 founded Trenton
• Land below NY given to Lord John Berkeley Sir
  George Carteret
• Duke of York gave away for land sales
• Proprietary /royal colony
• Encouraged settlers by offering
• Large tracts of land
• Freedom of religion
• Trial by jury
• A representative assembly

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Pennsylvania

• King gave a charter for a proprietary colony to
  William Penn as payment for debt he owed the
  family --nearly as large as England
• 1681 Founded Philadelphia
• Founded for religious freedom for Society of
  FriendsQuakers
• Believed every individual had an inner light
  leading to salvation
• Welcomed different religions nationalities
• Treated Natives fairly

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Delaware

• 1638 - proprietary colony settled in Willmington
  by Swedes
• Swedish trading post
• England took over in 1682
• Swedish settlers built 1st log cabins in America

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Southern ColoniesVirginia Goes 2 C Mary

• Virginia
• Georgia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Maryland

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Maryland

• Lord Baltimore - dreamed of safe place for
  Catholics
• 1632 Main settlement of Baltimore (port city)
• Proprietary colony north of Virginia
• Passed Toleration Act - Religious Freedom
  toleration
• Planted tobacco corn
• Maryland law - every person planting tobacco
  shall tend 2 acres of corn

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Virginia

• 1607 - Virginia Company of London
• Royal charter to Chesapeake Bay-Jamestown
• For trade profit
• Englands 1st permanent American colony
• Difficult beginning years
• Developed high grade tobacco settlement
  flourished
• Slave Labor
• Created House of Burgesses for more local
  control-1st representative assembly

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Carolinas

• 1663 8 proprietors created proprietary colony
• For profit
• Carolina Charles Land in Latin
• Founded Charles Town, later called Charleston
• Wrote a constitution

• Northern territory settled by VA farmers
• Grew tobacco
• Sold forest products, i.e. timber tar
• Southern more prosperous
• Grew rice
• Developed indigo-dye for textiles
• Used slaves
• Split in 1712

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Georgia

• 1735 founded Savannah
• James Oglethorpe
• Military outpost to protect from Spanish
• Proprietary/ Royal Charter for English debtors
  poor people
• Wanted sober, industrial, moral persons
• Religious freedom--Except Catholics
• Banned slavery rum
• Founded 50 years after the other 12

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13 Colonies