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Internal Combustion Engine

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Internal Combustion Engine Chapter 5 Air and Fuel Induction 5-1 (Intake Manifold) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Internal Combustion Engine


1
Internal Combustion Engine
  • Chapter 5
  • ??? ?? ??
  • Air and Fuel Induction

2
5-1 ????? (Intake Manifold)
  • ? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????
    ????? ????. ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?
    ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????.
  • ???? ?????, ???, ????, ????? ?? ???? ????
    ??.
  • SI engine??? ?? ??? port injection?? ???
    ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????
    ????.
  • CI engine ??? ?? ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ?????
    ?? ????.

3
  • ????? ?? ??? ??? throttle plate? ??? ???
    ???? intake chamber? ????. chamber? ??? intake
    runner? engine head? intake port? ?? intake
    valve? ???? ????? ????.
  • ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????.
    ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ? ??? ???? ??? ?????
    ??? ??? ?? ? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ???
    ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???
    ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??.
  • ???? ??? carburetor? venturi??? ???? ????
    ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? fuel injector? ???
    intake valve ??? ????. ??? ???? ???? ???? ? ???
    ??? ?? ??? ? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??. ??? ??? ??
    ????? liquid film ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????
    ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??
    ???? ??? ??. port fuel injection? ?? ???? ??? ??
    ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????
    ???? ??? ???? ??? ???.

4
  • ? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????
    ???? ???? ?? ?? ????. ?? ????? ?????(EGR)? ??? ?
    ??? ?? ?? ??? cylinder ??? ????.
  • ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? feedback
    control? ??? ?? ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???
    ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ? ???? ???? ??? ??
    ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????
    ????? ??? ???.
  • ?? ? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???
    ??? ???? ????? knock? ???? ???? ?? ?????? knock
    ? ???? ??? spark timing? retard? ? ??.

5
5-2 SI ??? ????


Fuel Evaporation Heat Transfer Density
? Valve Overlap Back Draft Intake Valve Timing
Friction Loss Choked Flow
6
5-2 SI ??? ????
  • ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???
  • 1?? ??.
  • Fuel - SI engine?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????
    ??? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ???
    ??? ???? 14.71?? ???? ? ??? ???? ??? ? percent?
    ??? LPG, CNG ?? ????? ??? 10 ??? ?? ??? ?????. ?
    ??? ??? ? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??.
  • 2) Heat Transfer (High Temperature) - Hood ?? ???
    ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????. ?? ??? ??? ??
    ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????,.
    ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????. Fig. 5-1?? ????
    volumetric efficiency? ???? ??? ??? ?????.

7
  • 3) Valve Overlap - ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????
    ???? ???? ?? ?? ???. ????? ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???
    ?? valve overlap?? ??. valve overlap ?? ?? ??
    port? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? port?
    ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??.
  • 4) Fluid Friction Losses - ?? ??? ?? ? ??? ???
    ???? volumetric efficiency? ???? ?? ???? ????.
    ????? swirl flow? ??? ?? intake port ??? ?????
    ??? ???.
  • 5) Choked Flow - ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????
    ? ?? ??? ? ??. Intake valve??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?
    ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ? cycle?
    ?? ???? ????. Fig. 5-1?? ???? ??? volumetric
    efficiency? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??.

8
  • 6) Closing Intake Valve after BDC - ????? ?
    cycle? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??. ??? ??? ??? ?? ??
    ?? ????? ???? BDC? ?? ?? ???. ??? ???? ?????? ???
    ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ? ??? ?????
    ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????
    ?? port? ??? ????.
  • 7) Intake Tunning - ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????
    ???? ??? ???? transient? ????. ? ???? ????? ?? ??
    ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ? ?????
    ???? ???? ??. ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?
    ??. ??? ??? intake tunning?? ??.
  • 8) EGR - NOx? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????
    ???? ????? ??? ????.

9
5-3 ?? ??(Intake Valves)
  • ????? ????? poppet valve? ?? ???? ?? ???
    1-3?, ?? ??? 1-2?? ??. ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
    3?, ?? ??? 2?? ??? ?? ? ??. ????? ??? ??? ??
    ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
    ???? limit? ??. ??? 4? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???
    ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??. valve?? cam? ??
    ????? valve? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? Variable
    Valve Timing and Lift????? ??. ?? ?? ????? ?? ???
    ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???.

10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
5-4 ?? ??? (Fuel Injection)
  • SI engine? ??? ?? ??? ?? ? 3?? ??? ???
    ??? fuel injector?? ??? ??? ???? solenoid? ??????
    ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??. Carburetor?
    feedback? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???
    ????? ?? ????? ??. ??? ?? ????? ???? Gasoline
    Direct Injection engine? ??? ??? ??? 100?? ???
    ???? ????.

14
5-6 ??? ???? (Supercharging
Turbocharging)
  • Supercharger? Turbocharger? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??
    ????
  • ??? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ? ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ??
  • ? ???? ?????? ? ?? ??? ???? ??.
  • 1) Supercharger - ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???
    ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????, ???? ?? ??,
    ???, ???? ??? ??. ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???
    ??? ??.
  • 2) Turbocharger ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???
    ???? ??. ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????
    ??? ???? ????? ??? ??. ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???
    ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ????
    ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????(Turbo Lag)??? ??.

15
???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????. ?? SI ????? ?????
???. ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????. ?? ??? ?? ?? ???
??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????(aftercooler)? ??? ??.
16
Turbo lag? ??? ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???
?????? ???? ? ??. ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ? ??.
17
(No Transcript)
18
5-7 ?? ?? ?? (Stratified Charge Engines)
  • ???? SI ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??-?? ??? ???.
    ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??-?? ??? ????
    ??? ????. ?, ??? ??? ???? Rich Mixture? ???? ???
    ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? Lean Mixture? ???? ?? ??? ??
    ? ????. ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????. ???
    ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??
    ? ??. ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? Unthrottle???? ???? ??
    ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??.
  • ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????. ????
    ?3????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????. ??? ???? ????
    ?? ????? ?? ??? ? ???? CI???? ???? ???? ??? ???
    ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??-?? ???? ?????.

19
5-8 2?? ??? ??? ?? (Intake for Two-Stroke
Cycle Engines)
2?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ? ???? ????? ??. ???? ?
??? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??. 2 ??????? ??
??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????
???? ????? ????. ??? ??(scavenging)?? ???. ????
??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??
????? ??? ???. ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???
????. ?? ?? 2?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????
??? ??? ????(stagnant flow)? ???? dead zone? ???
?? ??. ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??, ??? ???? ?? ??,
??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????.
20
????(cross scavenged) ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????
????. Short-circuiting?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????
??? ??? ?? deflect??? ????.
????(Loop scavenged) ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????
???? ??? loop? ???? ???.
???? ?? ?? ??? ??(uniflow scavenged or
Trough-flow scavenged) ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???
??. ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????.
21
5-9 CI ??? ?? (Intake For CI Engines)
  • ? CI ??? Unthrottled ???? ????. ??? ??? ???
    ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????. Unthrottled ??? ??
    ??? ???? ??? CI ??? ?? ????? ??? ??. ??? ?? ??
    ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????
    ????. ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ? 20 btdc? ???? ??? ? ???
    evaporation ?? ??? ??? ??? ??( shortly btdc)??
    ????. CI ??? ???? SI ???? ??. ??? CI ??? ?? ????
    ? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??. CI ??? ?? ???? ? 200
    2000atm? ?????.
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