Unit 1: Exploration Chapters 1-2, Dual/AP/Honors Chapter 1, CP

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Unit 1 ExplorationChapters 1-2,
Dual/AP/HonorsChapter 1, CP

• Discovering the New World
• (867-1607 AD)

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Who discovered the New World first?

• Theories
• Native Americans
• Vikings
• Chinese
• Irish missionaries
• Afro-Phoenicians

3
How did the first people come to the New World?

• Siberian-Alaskan land bridge during the Ice Age
• 40,000 years ago
• Hunters, gatherers
• Followed woolly mammoth herds

4
Ancient Cultures of the Americas

• Agricultural Revolution
• 5,000-10,000 years ago
• Started in Mexico
• Corn, beans, peppers, pumpkins
• Ancient Civilizations in Central America
• Mayans
• Aztecs
• Incas

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Native American Cultures
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Native American Cultures

• Hunter-gatherers
• Farmers
• Fishing
• Organized governments and religions

Anasazi (Cliff Dwellers)
Plains Indians
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First Europeans Arrive(according to most
textbooks)

• Vikings (Norsemen, Danes)
• Scandinavia--Sweden, Norway, Finland
• Heathens, dangerous
• Raids/pillaging
• Colonization
• Iceland (867 AD)
• Greenland (982 AD)
• Vinland (1000 AD)
• Newfoundland
• Why do they get credit?
• Ship building
• White

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Eric the Red Greenland
Vikings Fact vs. Fiction Horned
helmets Savages Pillagers Unclean
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Why didnt word of discovery of this new
continent spread?

• Vikings did not get along with other Europeans.
• Land bridge disappeared and Native Americans
  stopped coming.

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Background for European Exploration

• What Europe was like
• Feudal system (peasants)
• Roman Catholic Church
• Changes that brought about exploration
• Crusadesholy wars in Middle East--military
• Increased trade with Orient--economic
• Protestant Reformation--religious
• Improvements in ship technologyrudder, map
  making, compass, ship construction--scientific
• Rise of powerful nation-states who wanted empires
  --political

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Other Europeans Find the New World

• Why did they explore?
• Find an all-water route to Asia for spices
• To find gold and other precious minerals.
• Expand their knowledge of the world.
• To have an empire.
• To expand Christianity.
• To find animal furs.

Overland Trade Routes
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Which countries sent explorers?

• SpainColumbus (1492Bahamas), conquistadors
• Italy
• Portugal
• France
• England

Major World Powers (1500)
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Voyages of Exploration
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Results of Exploration

• Rivalries developed between European nation
• nationalism
• imperialism
• Mercantilismcountries wanted to expand to boost
  their nations economies (Triangular Trade)
• Cultural diffusion
• End to many Indian cultures
• Disease90
• Murder

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Mercantilism

• Belief that a nations wealth was measured by how
  much gold and silver it had.
• Belief that the government should regulate trade
  (taxes, tariffs).
• Belief that a mother country and her colonies
  work together to be self-sufficient (Triangular
  Trade)

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Triangular Trade
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Worlds Collide Activity

• Your group will research one of the following
  topics
• Native Americans and Europeans
• Africans and Europeans
• Answer these questions about your topic
• What was the relationship between the groups?
• What advantages and disadvantages did each group
  have?
• Which group dominated and why?
• What lasting effects did each group leave on
  America?

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European Colonization of the New World
European Power Area Settled Methods of Land Distribution/Settlement Patterns Reasons for Colonization (economic, religious, etc.) Government Structure Relationship with Native Americans Contributions to America
BRITISH
SPANISH
FRENCH
DUTCH
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Cultural Diffusion

• Meshing of cultures
• Government
• Religion
• Language
• Foods
• Clothing
• Music
• Technology (gunpowder, compass)
• Columbian Exchange
• Old New World
• Globalization

Columbus landing in New World