English Constitutional Monarchy

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English Constitutional Monarchy

• Bring Back The King!
• The Restoration Period

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Charles II

• Merry Monarch
• Removed Puritan restrictions on theater
• Conceded to Parliament in conflicting matters -
  most of the time.
• War with the Dutch - over commerce
• NO alliance with France - started 150 years of
  conflict

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James II

• Upset everyone!
• Marriage 1 - 2 protestant daughters, Mary Anne
• Marriage 2 - one RC son ( Here we go again!) -
  upset the protestants
• Tried to ease life for RC - upset the Whigs

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Gossip about James
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Glorious Revolution 1688

• Parliament decided to invite a daughter from
  marriage 1 to assume the throne.
• Mary had married William of Orange (Netherlands)
• They took the throne - no force was necessary

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William Mary
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William Mary
Joint Rulers
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Whigs Tories

• Political Parties
• develop
• Tory - Irish/Outlaws
• Whig - Horse thief

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Political Cartoon - Gilray

• James Gilray became a famous political
  commentator of the day with his satirical
  cartoons.
• This is his view of the political parties

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Thomas Hobbes

• English Philosopher hated the chaos of the civil
  war.
• Wrote Leviathan- In order to maintain a stable
  society, people made an unwritten SOCIAL CONTRACT
  by which they must give absolute power to the
  ruler or anarchy results

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John Locke

• Articulated the principles on which the Glorious
  Revolution was inspired
• Wrote Two Treatise on Civil Government

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Natural Rights

• People live 1st as individuals then they give
  up some of their rights in a social contract to
  protect their other more sacred rights - own
  property, life liberty
• Rulers who violate these rights violate the
  NATURAL LAW (given by the creator or nature and
  cannot be taken away.)

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Habeus Corpus 1679
Can't be kept in prison

• A person must be brought before a judge and he
  would decide to charge or release
• Means You shall have my body

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Bill of Rights

• Parliament would choose the ruler, who would be
  forced to follow parliamentary laws
• Could not proclaim or suspend any law
• Must get approval to have army or raise taxes
• No cruel or unusual punishment - had the right to
  petition the govt.

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Toleration Act

• Freedom of conscience to most Protestants
• RC Jews still restricted

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Act of Settlement

• If no heir to the throne - it would pass to
  Protestant heir in Hanover - Germany

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Houses of Parliament

• House of Lords - nobles and high clergy
• House of Commons - male landowners and merchants
• NOT RESPRSENTATIVE OF MOST OF SOCIETY

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Queen Anne 1702-1714

• Marys sister
• 17 children. all died before her.
• Set her own style with Queen Anne furniture

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Act of Union 1707
St George - England
St Andrew -Scotland
1st Union Flag
Great Britain became name of new nation - to
avoid war with France. Gave Scots seats in
English House of Commons Scotland prospered as a
result
Add St Patricks cross Union Flag
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Sophie Electress Of Hanover

• Designated heir after Queen Anne - she died
  before she could take her place.
• Throne went to her son - George

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Of Texas
King George
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George I 1714-1727

• Spoke no English
• Starts Hanoverian Dynasty

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Sir Robert Walpole

• Appointed by George II (1727-1760) b/c he wanted
  Prime Minister to run the Govt.
• PM real head of government

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Limited Constitutional Monarchy

• Monarch was head of state, limited by Parliament.
• Government managed by the PM and his cabinet
• No written Constitution in England..made up of
  all of the above

and Magna Carta
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