Measuring items using the Metric System.

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General Properties of Matter

• Volume the amount of space occupied by a
  substance/object.
• Mass amount of matter in a substance/object.
• Weight measurement of the pulling force of
  gravity on a substance/object.
• Matter anything that occupies space and has
  mass.
• 1. All matter has both volume and mass.
• 2. Matter is made up of molecules, molecules are
  made of atoms, atoms are made of subatomic
  particles protons, neutrons, electrons

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3 STATES OF MATTER

• Density mass divided by volume (mass/volume)
• 1. Density of an object/substance tells us how
  much matter is in that particular area.
• 2. The closer molecules are to each other or
  compacted, the denser the substance/object.

GAS
LIQUID
SOLID
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Measuring items using the Metric System.

• METRIC SYSTEM - based on units of ten (power of
  ten)
• Distance in meters (m)
• Weight in grams (g)
• Liquid is liters (l)
• Temperature in celsius (C)

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Mnemonic Sentence
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A Mnemonic
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Measuring linear objects (distance)

• LINEAR - measuring in a straight, one dimensional
  line
• MICROMETER (µm) 1000um1mm
• MILLIMETER (mm)- one thousandth of a meter.
  1000mm1m
• CENTIMETER (cm)- one hundredth of a meter .3937
  inch. 100cm1m
• DECIMETER (dm) - one-tenth of a meter. 10dm1m
• METER (m) standard unit. 1m1m
• DEKAMETER (dam) 10 meters
• HECTOMETER 100 meters
• KILOMETER (km) 1000 meters

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Measuring using Centimeter/Millimeter

• Meter stick. The simplest way to measure length
  is to use an ordinary meter stick. In the
  laboratory, our meter sticks are carefully
  calibrated in centimeters with a millimeter least
  count. That is, the millimeter is the smallest
  subdivision on the meter stick, which can be seen
  in Figure 1. This means the millimeter is the
  unit of the smallest reading that can be made
  without estimating.

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Did you know that

• a blue whale is 33.6 m long?a giant squid is 17
  m long?the eucalyptus plant can reach 132 m in
  height?the tallest man is 2.72 m in
  height?the deepest roots reach 120 m into the
  soil?

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Measuring Area of a object

• The area of simple square or rectangular objects
  is obtained by multiplying the length of the
  object times its width.
• AL x W

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Measuring Volume of regular-shaped objects

• Multiply length x width x height. The length,
  width and height are measured in centimeters (in
  this example). The volume is measured in cm3
  (cubic centimeters).
• VL x W x H

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Measuring things you can not see.

• A microscope can be used not only to see very
  small things, but also to measure them.  Things
  seen in microscopes are so small that centimeters
  or even millimeters are too big.  As a result,
  micrometers (or microns) are used.    A
  micrometer, also written µm, is one thousandth of
  a millimeter - it's 10-6m. 
• .000001 µm 1m

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Microscope Eyepiece

• a micrometer eyepiece is used in place of the
  standard eyepiece of the microscope.  This has a
  series of numbered lines inside of it which make
  it look like a ruler.
• Cells are supposed to be between 10 and 30µm,

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Measuring irregular-shaped objects

• For solids that have an irregular shape, the
  displacement method must be used to determine
  their volume.
• Choose a graduated cylinder large enough to hold
  the object. Fill the cylinder half-way with water

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Measuring irregular-shaped objects

• Note the exact volume of the water. Add the
  object to the water in the cylinder, taking care
  not to splash the water out of the cylinder. Note
  the new volume in the graduated cylinder. Then
  subtract the beginning volume from the ending
  volume and you have the volume of the object

1ml of water is equal to 1 cubic centimeter of
water, the volume of the object is equal to the
new volume in the graduated cylinder minus the
original volume of water. (1ml 1cm3)
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Meniscus Madness

• When measuring liquid volume it is important to
  read the graduated cylinder correctly. Your eye
  should be level with the top of the liquid and
  you should read the bottom of the
• meniscus.

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Mass (weight)

• Mass is the amount of matter that makes up an
  object.
•  Gram (g) is a metric unit used to measure the
  mass of small objects.
•  Kilogram (kg) is equal to 1,000 grams, so it is
  used to measure the mass of larger objects.

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Measuring Mass (weight)

• Kilogram (kg) is 1000 grams. 1kg1000g
• Hectogram (hg) is 100 grams. 1hg100g
• dekagram (dag) is 10 grams. 1dag10g
• gram (g) is the basic unit of mass. 1g1g
• decigram (dg) is 1/10 gram. 10dg1g
• centigram (cg) is 1/100 gram. 100cg1g
• milligram (mg) is 1/1000 gram. 1000mg1g

A Balance Scale is used to measure mass in most
laboratories
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Triple beam balance
Used to measure mass in a laboratory
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Liters- measure volume of a liquid

• You can use the same prefixes as we did in mass
  and length, but mainly
• Milliliter (mL)
• Liter (L)
• 1000mL1L

2 liter pop (2L)
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Lab Equipment that is used to measure liquid
volume
graduated-cylinder
Beaker
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Measuring liquid volume using a Pipette and
vacuum bulb.

• A pipette is designed to deliver a specific
  volume of a liquid.
• Much like using a eye dropper

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Converting in the metric (SI) system

• S L (converting from smaller to larger)
• L S (converting from larger to smaller)
• Always move the decimal in the direction of the
  arrow.
• Examples
• Convert 1cm to mm (L S decimal moves 1 place
  to right 1.0cm 10mm)
• Convert 10mg to cg (S L decimal moves 1 place
  to left. 10mg 1.0cg)

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1.

• Steve puts 100 g of turkey into each turkey
  sandwich. How many kilograms of turkey does he
  need for 20 sandwiches?

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2.

• A penny has a mass of about 3 g. About what is
  the mass of a roll of 50 pennies?

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3.

• Each apple pie that Nicole makes has a mass of
  600 g. She makes 10 pies. Is this more or less
  than 5 kilograms?

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4.

• A large salad makes 3 servings. Each serving is
  80 grams. How many grams does a large salad make?

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5.

• A garbage can can hold 100 kg. Phil has 85 kg of
  trash and 9000 g of cans. Can he pack them all
  into the garbage can?

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Answers to Mass Problems

• 2kg
• 150g
• More
• 240g
• Yes