South Carolina Landform Regions (and facts about Landforms)

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South Carolina Landform Regions(and facts about
Landforms)
SC
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Where is South Carolina?
Earth
SC
North America
United States of America
Here we are! South Carolina borders the Atlantic
Ocean.
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South Carolina Landform Regions Map
SC
Our state is divided into regions, starting at
the mountains and going down to the coast.
Do you remember your 3rd grade South Carolina
Landform Regions? Can you name these?
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Did You Know?
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia The Southern Atlantic States have about
the same regions as we do in South Carolina.
So, during this study, you will also hear about
other states. What you hear about that landform
region in Virginia, for example, is much the same
in South Carolina.
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Blue Ridge Mountains
Landform Regions
SC
The Blue Ridge Mountain Region is only 2 of the
South Carolina land mass.
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Facts About the Blue Ridge Mountains . . .

• 1, The Blue Ridge Mountains are part of the
  Appalachian Mountain Range.
• 2. Many streams begin in the mountains.
• 3. These are the oldest mountains in America.
• 4. The Blue Ridge Mountains are Folding
  Mountains.
• 5. The Blue Ridge Region takes up only 2 of
  South Carolinas land mass.

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Types of Mountains

• There are four different types of mountains
• Folded Mountains
• Upwarped Mountains
• Fault Block Mountains
• Volcanic Mountains

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Folded Mountains
Types of Mountains

• Folded mountains form when rock layers
  squeezed from opposite sides buckle and fold. The
  Appalachians, or Blue Ridge Mountains are Folded
  mountains.

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Blue Ridge Mountains, SC
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Upwarped Mountains
Types of Mountains

• Upwarped mountains form when crust is pushed
  up by forces inside of the Earth.
• Examples Southern Rocky Mountains and
• Adirondack Mountains

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Adirondack Mountains, NY
Yes! There are really mountains in the state of
New York!
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Fault Block Mountains
Types of Mountains

• Fault-block mountains are made up of huge
  tilted blocks of rock which are separated from
  surrounding rock by faults.
• (Examples Grand Tetons and Sierra Nevada
  Mountains.)

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The Tetons
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Volcanic Mountains
Types of Mountains

• Volcanic Mountains are cone-shaped mountains
  created from pile-up of molten materials.
• (Examples The Cascade Mountains in Oregon
  and Washington, and the Hawaiian Islands.)

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Crater Lake, Oregonsee the cone island in the
water.
The Cascades is a volcanic mountain range in the
Northwestern United States.
Mt. St. Helens, Washington
The water in Crater Lake, Oregon is just this
blue!
Mt. Ranier, Washington
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Piedmont
Greenville Spartanburg Union Greenwood
Rock Hill Abbeville
Landform Regions
SC
If you could see the Piedmont Region from space
and without the foliage, you would notice it is
sort of a huge plateau.
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Facts About the Piedmont Region . . .

• 1.The Piedmont is the largest region of South
  Carolina.
• 2. The Piedmont is thought to be a large plateau
  (raised high land that is usually flat on the
  top).
• 3. The Piedmont is NOT flat, but is hilly.
• 4. The Piedmont contains many of our largest
  cities in South Carolina.
• 5. The Piedmont is often called The Upstate.

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What do we know about the Piedmont of the
Southeastern Atlantic States?

• Lets watch a three minute video showing us about
  the Piedmont.
• You will look for information about the fall
  line that divides the higher Piedmont region
  from the lower, softer, Coastal Plain region.
• You will find out how early pioneers used the
  rivers and waterfalls to their advantage.

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What do we know about the Piedmont Region of our
Southeastern States?
The Piedmont of the Southeastern States,
StreamlineSC
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Movie Follow-Up

• What IS the fall line?
• How did the fall line hurt transportation in the
  early years of our country?
• What did the settlers build at the fall line so
  they could use the power from the falls?

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Sandhills
Columbia, Our State Capitol
Landform Regions
SC
Do you wonder why the Sandhills are so sandy?
They used to be the coastline of North America
millions of years ago.
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Four Facts About the Sandhills Region . . .

• 1. The Sandhills are covered with the left over
  sand dunes when it was SCs coastline millions of
  years ago.
• 2. The Sandhills are next to the fall line where
  the land slopes down and the rivers become
  waterfalls.
• 3. The Sandhills are hilly.
• 4. The Sandhills has softer ground than the
  Piedmont.

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How are sand dunes formed?

• All sand dunes are formed the same way. Every
  single one is a pile of sand built up by the
  wind. Once the sand has been picked up by the
  wind, it will go wherever the wind carries it.
  Even though most sand dunes are made of the same
  material and formed in the same way, they vary
  widely in appearance.

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Coastal Plain
Aiken Orangeburg Sumter
Florence
Landform Regions
SC
There is an Inner and Outer Coastal Plain. Can
you see the dividing line? This area was once in
the ocean millions of years ago.
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Facts About The Coastal Plains

• 1. The Coastal Plains are very wet.
• 2. The Coastal Plains used to be under the ocean
  millions of years ago.
• 3. The Coastal Plains have savannahs, which are
  wild grass prairies.
• 4. The Coastal Plains have a lot of swamps and
  marshlands.
• 5. Because of sediment that settled in the ocean
  millions of years ago over the Coastal Plains,
  there is a lot of Sedimentary Rock in this area.
• 6. The Coastal Plains are flat in most areas.

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What is sediment?

• Sediment (n.) Material that settles to the bottom
  of a liquid
• What kind of sediment settled in the Inner and
  Outer Coastal Plains millions of years ago when
  they were covered with oceans?
• This sediment forms layers of rock
• called Sedimentary Rock.

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What Happened?

• What happened to all that sedimentary rock that
  is supposed to be in the Inner and Outer Coastal
  Plains?
• The coastal plains are fairly flat, so the rock
  has that eroded over the last million or so years
  has stayed in the same place as soil instead of
  washing away. There is no new rock exposed from
  erosion, so you do not see sediment! Dont you
  think the sediment must have eroded into soil
  along time ago?

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Flat?

• Another thing about the Coastal Plains
• Geologists have learned that the coastal plain
  stair-steps down gradually with six flats and
  seven slopes. They believe that this happened as
  the ocean receded (moved backward) throughout
  thousands of years.

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Coastal Zone
Hilton Head Beaufort Charleston
Georgetown Myrtle Beach
Landform Regions
SC
Take a look at the city map of South Carolina.
You can name the cities in the Coastal Zone.
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Facts About the Coastal Zone

• 1. It borders the Atlantic Ocean.
• 2. It has sand dunes.
• 3. It has marshlands, inlets, bays, barrier
  islands.
• 4. It had Palmetto and Palm trees.
• 5. It has beaches.
• 6. It is often battered by hurricanes.

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How Did Pioneers Use the Coastal Zone?

• What did the pioneers grow in the Coastal Zone?
  Why did they grow this crop?
• Watch a one-minute video to find out.

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StreamlineSC Video

• Name a way that pioneers used the Coastal Zone of
  South Carolina.

Along the Southern Coastline, StreamlineSC
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Movie Follow-Up

• What crop DID the settlers grow in the Coastal
  Zone?
• Why was this crop grown in this region?

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How did cities begin in South Carolina?

• Take a look at the South Carolina Cities Map to
  learn where the main cities are placed. Then
  look at the Rivers and Streams Map. Can you see
  learn anything by comparing the two maps?
• Hint How were rivers used when the South
  Carolina colony was beginning to settle?

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South Carolina Cities Map
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SC Rivers
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Remember . . .

• There are five landform regions in
• 
  South Carolina
• Blue Ridge Mountains
• Piedmont
• Sandhills
• Inner Coastal Plain
• Outer Coastal Plain
• Coastal Zone

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South Carolina 5th Grade Science Curriculum
Standard

• Structure of the Earths System
• Locate and describe the characteristics of South
  Carolina landform regions such as Blue Ridge,
  Piedmont, Sandhills, Coastal Plains, and Coastal
  Zone.
• Define constructive forces, which include crustal
  deformation (folding and faulting), volcanic
  eruptions, and deposition of sediment.)
• Describe how landforms are created as a result of
  constructive forces.