DNA 100

1
DNA Transcription Translation Miscellaneous
100 100 100 100
200 200 200 200
300 300 300 300
400 400 400 400
500 500 500
2
DNA 100

• The four chemicals that make up the human genome
  are called
• Phosphates
• Nitrogen bases
• Nucleotides
• Deoxyribose sugars

3
DNA 200

• The process by which DNA copies itself is know
  as
• transcription
• translation
• replication
• mutation

4
DNA 300

• DNA copies itself with the help of which of the
  following
• mRNA
• RNA polymerase
• DNA polymerase
• ribosomes

5
DNA 400

• Describe the structure of DNA by doing the
  following
• List the three parts of a nucleotide
• Describe the base pairing rules (how do the bases
  match up with each other)
• Describe the role and location of hydrogen bonds
  in a DNA molecule
• 1. Phosphate, deoxyribose (sugar), nitrogenous
  bases (A,T,G,C)
• A pairs with T, G pairs with C
• Hydrogen bonds are located between each pair of
  bases they hold the two strands of DNA together

6
DNA 500

• a. A sample of DNA contains 12 adenine by
  weight. What are the percentages of the other
  three bases?
• b. Will the DNA strand in part a be more or less
  stable than a DNA strand with 24 adenine by
  weight? Explain
• 12 thymine, 38 guanine, 38 cytosine
• More stable - G and C base pairs have three
  hydrogen bonds whereas A and T base pairs have 2
  hydrogen bonds

7
Transcription 100

• The purpose of transcription is to
• Produce gametes
• Duplicate DNA
• Make mRNA from the DNA
• Correct mutations in DNA

8
Transcription 200

• The purpose of RNA polymerase is
• To copy DNA
• To bring amino acids to the ribosome
• To read DNA and make an RNA copy
• To split apart the DNA double helix

9
Transcription 300

• The purpose of mRNA is to
• Bring instructions on how to make a protein to
  the ribosomes
• Help the DNA double helix to copy itself
• Bring amino acids to the ribosomes
• Make up the structure of the ribosomes

10
Transcription 400

• A segment of DNA reads TACCGCGTTATG. How many
  amino acids does this code represent and what is
  the RNA sequence that would be transcribed from
  this?
• 4 codons which represents 4 amino acids.
• AUG GCG CAA UAC

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Transcription 500
12
Translation 100

• The purpose of translation is to
• Create a protein from instructions on mRNA
• To make mRNA from DNA
• To produce amino acids
• To copy the DNA

13
Translation 200

• In order for mRNA to do its job, it must get to
  which location in the cell?
• The nucleus
• The mitochondria
• The cell membrane
• The ribosomes in the cytoplasm

14
Translation 300

• Which of the following statements about
  translation is correct?
• The ribosome reads the instructions on the tRNA
  to make a protein
• The mRNA is used to make more copies of DNA for
  when the cell divides
• tRNA molecules bring the correct amino acid to
  the ribosome
• mRNA is created from the DNA

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Translation 400

• The are circled in red in the picture is a
• Codon
• Anticodon
• Amino acid
• Nucleotide

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Translation 500
17
Misc 100

• A change in the genetic code is called a
• mutation

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Misc 200

• Which of the following is true of genes?
• a) They are made of chromosomes
• b) They are the instructions to make proteins
• c) They found inside the ribosomes
• d) They are used to make amino acids

19
Misc 300

• Which of the following mutations in the DNA code
  TACGGATCT would result in the greatest change in
  the protein that would result?
• Changing the first T to a C
• Inserting a G between the first two bases
• Changing the third base to a T
• Switching the last base from a T to an A

20
Misc 400

• If a DNA segment is changed from ATTGTGCCG to
  ACTTGTGCCG what type of mutation has occurred?
• Point mutation
• Deletion
• Insertion
• There is no mutation

21
Misc 500