LNG Prigorodnoye Overview

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LNG Prigorodnoye Overview
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LNG OPERATIONALOVERVIEW
PRIGORODNOYE
65 90 barg
65 90 barg
GAS TURBINECOMPRESSOR
PIPELINE
OPF
BOOSTER
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SEIC LNG Train 1
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LNG Plant Overview
N
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Unit 1000 Inlet Metering

• Feed gas from the OPF enters unit 1000 between 65
  to 95 bar at 20o C.
• The gas leaves the unit at 60 bar at temperature
  of 0o C.
• The feed gas from U1000 is fed to U1100.
• Unit 1000 consists of three parallel meter runs,
  each consisting of a feed
• gas mono-cyclone separator (V-1001A/B/C), and a
  flow/pressure control
• station.
• This maintains the feed gas supply pressure at 60
  bar to the LNG plant.
• Each meter run is capable of supplying 33.3 of
  the overall design gas
• Flow for the two LNG trains.

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U-1000 Gas Inlet and Metering
V1001 A/B/C gas separators with flow pressure
control
Gas Pipeline From OPF
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Unit 1100 Acid Gas Removal unit.

• Purpose of the Acid Gas Removal unit is to remove
• CO2 and H2S from the natural gas.
• Why?
• To prevent freezing and blockages in the
  liquefaction unit (U1400).
• Each train has its own dedicated acid gas removal
  unit.
• The solvent used in the unit is Shell Sulfinol D.
• The solvent is made up of the following
• Water 25.
• Di-isopropanolamine (DIPA) 50.
• Tetra-hydrothiophene-dioxide (Sulfolane) 25.

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U-1100 Acid Gas Removal Unit
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U-1100 Acid Gas Removal Unit
C-1101 Absorber
V-1103 Regenerator Overhead Accumulator
C-1102 Regenerator
V-1101 Feed Gas Knock-out Vessel
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Transporting C1101 for installation during
construction
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U1100 Principle Operation
Treated gas to driers
Lean amine
CO2 Out
Absorber
Regenerator
To fuelgas
CO2 is soaked up by the amine and removed in the
regenerator
Rich amine
C1101
C1102
Raw gas U1000
Heat In
GAS SEPARATOR
V1102
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Purpose of U1300/U1350
Dehydration unit 1300 To remove water present in
feed gas from Unit 1100. Why? To prevent
downstream equipment blockage and damage by
ice and hydrate formation during the gas
liquefaction process. Mercury removal vessel
1350 To remove trace quantities of mercury that
could be present in the feed to
liquefaction. Why? To prevent corrosion in the
downstream equipment, and aluminium tube bundles
of the MCHEs.
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U-1300 Dehydration Unit and U-1350 Mercury
Removal
Substation Elec/Inst
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U-1300 Dehydration Unit and U-1350 Mercury
Removal
C-1351 Mercury Absorbent Vessel
C-1301 A/B/C Molsieve Dryer Vessels
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FAR, Substation and Analyzer House
SS-410
FAR 1
ANC-1
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Purpose of Unit 1400
In unit 1400, the feedgas is progressively cooled
until it condenses at around 158 degrees C and
is subcooled to 162 before running down to the
storage tanks. This reduces the overall volume
around 600 times allowing one LNG tanker able to
carry 600 times more than if the natural gas
remained in a gaseous state. (135,000m3 LNG
81,000,000m3! gas)
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REFRIGERATION PRINCIPLES
Compressing a gas makes its pressure and
temperature rise because of the energy we have
given it.
Depressuring this gas again would result in the
pressure and temperature returning to the same
point as we started.
We have not changed this gas in anyway!
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REFRIGERATION PRINCIPLES
We can graph this and see exactly what has
happened.
HOT
HIGH
Temperature
Pressure
0
COLD
LOW
0
Compression
0
100
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REFRIGERATION PRINCIPLES
This time, after compressing the gas we will cool
it to remove the heat energy we gave it.
HOT
HIGH
Temperature
Pressure
0
COLD
LOW
0
Compression
0
100
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REFRIGERATION PRINCIPLES
This time when we depressure the gas the
temperature becomes very low!
HOT
HIGH
Temperature
Pressure
0
COLD
LOW
0
Compression
0
100
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LNG PLANT PRINCIPLES
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Purpose of Unit 1400

• Treated feed gas from the mercury removal unit
  (U1350) is cooled
• against low pressure PMR in E-1402 and fed to the
  scrub columns.
• The scrub columns, C-1401 C-1402, remove heavy
  hydrocarbons
• (C5) and the LPGs from the natural gas stream
  for 2 reasons.
• These gases will condense too early in the
  fractionation section
• The LPGs are used as the refrigerant in U1400
  cooling circuits.
• The bottom product of the scrub columns is fed to
  the fractionation unit
• (U1500).

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Purpose of Unit 1400 (Cold End)
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LNG PLANT DETAILS
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U-1400 Liquefaction Unit
C-1402 Upper Scrub Column
E-1412 LP Pre-cool Exchanger
E-1411 HP Pre-cool Exchanger
C-1401 Lower Scrub Column
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U-1400 Liquefaction Unit
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U-1400 Liquefaction Unit
E-1415A Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger
E-1415B Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger
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U-1400 Liquefaction Unit
Internals of the Main Cryogenic Heat Exchanger
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U-1400 Liquefaction Unit
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U-1400 Liquefaction Unit
V-1430 Endflash Vessel
V-1420 LP MR Suction Drum
V-1425 HP/MR Separator
E-1430 Light MR/Endflash Exchanger
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Process Description - PMR
PMR The PMR (pre-mixed refrigerant) system
utilizes pressurized PMR, a mixture of ethane and
propane, evaporating at two pressures. This
supplies refrigeration to the NG feed circuit,
the MR circuit and the fractionation unit. The
PMR is compressed by gas turbine driven PMR
compressor K1440, power assisted by PMR
compressor helper motor/generator (KM-1440).
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Process Description - PMR
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K-1440 PMR Compressor
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Process Description - MR
MR Mixed Refrigerant The refrigeration to
fully liquefy the feed gas is provided by MR
(mixed refrigerant). This is a mixture of
nitrogen, methane, ethane and propane. The MR
system is a closed loop refrigeration system
utilizing two compressors in series, K1420/30.
They share a single shaft and are gas turbine
driven. The LP MR compressor (K-1420) is a single
stage axial machine and the HP MR Compressor
(K-1430) is a two stage centrifugal machine. The
MR compressor starter/helper motor (KM-1420) is
used for starting the compressor, and also to
provide additional shaft power to maximize LNG
production.
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Process Description - MR
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K-1420/K-1430 MR Compressor
80 MW's of power!!!
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Process Description - End Flash System
End Flash System Nitrogen in the LNG stream
leaving the MCHEs is removed in the end flash
vessel. The nitrogen and some light
hydrocarbons leave the top of the end flash
vessel and exchange cooling in the light MR/end
flash gas exchanger. The gas is then compressed
by the end flash gas compressor (K-1450) and
routed via the end flash compressor after-cooler
to the HP fuel gas system.
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K-1450 End Flash Compressor
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U1500 Process Description

• Purpose of Unit 1500
• To remove heavy components from the feed gas
• To extract refrigerant components, and make up
  ethane and propane for storage.
• Also to produce stabilized condensate for
  re-injection in the crude oil.
• Any LPGs not used in the refrigerant circuit are
  re-injected back into the liquefaction section as
  part of the LNG rundown.

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U1500 Process Description
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U-1500 Fractionation Unit
C-1501 Demethanizer Column
C-1503 Depropanizer Column
C-1502 Deethanizer Column
C-1504 Debutanizer Column
V-4201 Tempered Water Expansion Vessel
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U1600 Process Description

• The ethane and propane/PMR storage systems are
  common to both LNG Trains and are used primarily
  to supply start-up refrigerant for the PMR and MR
  cycles in the Liquefaction Unit, U-1400.
• The purpose of Unit 1600 is to provide storage
  for refrigerant grade ethane and propane produced
  in Unit 1500 De-ethaniser and the De-propaniser.
  

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U-1600 Refrigerant Storage
T-1602 PMR Storage
T-1601 Ethane Storage
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LNG Storage Tanks
T-3101 LNG Tank No. 1
T-3102 LNG Tank No. 2
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LNG Storage Tanks / Boil Off Gas

• To store and load Liquefied Natural Gas and to
  collect and compress the vapor generated from the
  process of filling the tanks.
• This is known as BOG (boil off gas) Vapor created
  when loading LNG ships (ship vapor return) is
  used used as fuel gas

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LNG Storage Tanks / Boil Off Gas

• There are two LNG Storage tanks each with a
  capacity of 100,000m3
• Eight loading pumps each with a discharge
  capacity of 1250 m3/Hr
• One boil off compressor with a capacity of
  730T/D
• There are Four loading arms, Two for LNG liquid,
  One vapour return arm a spare for either liquid
  or vapour service allow ship loading to be
  carried out based on a 24 hour turn around.

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K3401Boil off gas
Fuel gassystem
PC
Boil off gas header
End Flashcompressor
TC
V3401
Vapour Arm
LC
Loading Arm
T3100
LNG Loading line
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Unit 6200 Flare system
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Unit 6200 Flare system

• Why do we have a Flare System?
• The flare system is used to collect and dispose
  vapour and liquid in a safe manner. (Safe
  disposal of Hydrocarbons, the first system online
  and the last system shut down)
• Flare Systems
• Emergency operational system for cold, light,
  dry streams, liquid and vapour.
• Emergency operational system for warm, heavy,
  streams, liquid and vapour.
• Emergency operational system for LNG storage and
  loading, vapour.
• Operational flare system, vapour.
• LNG disposal system, liquid and vapour
  (start-up).
• Spare flare can be used for cold and warm
  service.

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Unit 6200 Flare system
Warm Flare System (FWW) All the warm vapours are
collected into a single 48 header which slopes
to the liquid knock-out drum V-6201. The header
is continuously purged with LP fuel gas at
sufficient flow rate to keep velocity at the tip
of flare stack. Nitrogen connection is also given
as back-up purge source. Warm Liquid Disposal
System (DHC) The warm liquids from manual drains
are collected in a 4 header and routed to
V-6201. Light components are flashed-off and
burned in A-6201 (FWW) The accumulated liquid in
V-6201 is pumped and transferred to warm liquid
burner A-6204 by P-6201A/B via 6 line.
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Unit 6200 Flare system
Cold Flare System (FCD) Cold dry and light
hydrocarbon vapours from unit 1400, 1500 and 1600
are collected into a 48 header which slopes to
the cold flare KO drum V-6202.The header is
continuously purged with LP fuel gas. Nitrogen
connection is also given as back-up purge
source.Vapour from the cold flare KO drum is
directed to the cold flare (A-6202) through a 56
line. HP fuel gas is used as atomising gas to
flare stack A-6202 Cold Liquid Disposal System
(DLH) All the cold liquids are collected into
two 12 headers that are routed to the cold flare
KO Drum (V-6202). flashed vapours are removed and
burned in A-6202. Operational Flare System
(FOP) Any operationally initiated release is
vented to a separate 16 FOP header. The vented
gas is routed to V-6203 and burned in operational
flare (A-6211)
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Unit 6200 Flare system
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Unit 6200 Flare system