Kitakyushu Initiative for a Clean Environment:

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Kitakyushu Initiative for a Clean Environment
Capacity Building for Urban Air Quality
Management
Mushtaq Ahmed Memon and Hidefumi IMURA
3rd Thematic SeminarUrban Air Quality
ManagementUNCC, Bangkok 20-21 February 2003
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Capacity Building forUrban Environmental
Management
Means Issues Institutions Regulations Public Participation Finance Technology
Water Wastewater
Solid Waste Management
Industrial Pollution Control
Air Pollution Management
Slums and Land use
Monitoring Evaluation (ME) System Monitoring Evaluation (ME) System Monitoring Evaluation (ME) System Monitoring Evaluation (ME) System Monitoring Evaluation (ME) System
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Capacity for Urban Air Quality Management

1. Assessment of the problem (current or
   future)Pollution levels, sources, and the
   impact(Monitoring cause and effect
   analysis)
2. Planning and implementation of the
   response Identification of the responses
   (options)Prioritization of the options
   (short-term long-term) Implementation
   of the options

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The UK National Air Quality Strategy
Three-stage Review and Assessment(Current and
likely air quality)
Objectives not exceeded
Objectives exceeded
Designate Air Quality Management Area
Designate Air Quality Management Area
Public Information and health advice
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Air QualityAction Plan
Revise
Implement
Evaluate and Review
Objectives attained
Source Elsom, D.M. (1999), Development and
Implementation of Strategic Frameworks for Air
Quality Management in the UK and the European
Community, Journal of Environmental Planning and
Management, 42(1) 103-121
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Local Capacity for Problem Assessment

1. Monitoring and prediction of of pollution/ambient
   levels (current or future)In-house
   capacityLinkages with private sector
   (Industries, Energy Companies) and civil society
   (NGOs, Academia)
2. Cause and effect analysisPollution sources
   (Energy, Technology, Infrastructure)Health
   productivity impact (morbidity and
   mortality)Socioeconomic impact (land values,
   visibility, buildings automobiles maintenance,
   leisure, and so on)

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Local Capacity for the Response

1. Institutions (formal and informal)
2. Regulatory standards and jurisdiction
3. Public Participation (policy making
   implementation)
4. Financial mechanism (decentralization, municipal
   bonds, revolving funds, public-private
   partnerships)
5. Appropriate technology

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Local Capacity Building Process
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International Cooperation Kitakyushu Initiative

• Support Local Initiatives for Tangible
  OutputsScan Globally and Reinvent Locally
• Networking
• Collection and analysis of successful practices
• Pilot activities

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The Expected Outcomes of this Seminar

1. Identification of critical issues and indicators
   for the capacity building for air quality
   management
2. Identification of common and diverse issues and
   indicators across the cities or regions
3. Chalk out the strategy to address these common
   and diverse issues through networking activities,
   successful practices, and pilot activities
4. Beyond Bangkok!To achieve tangible outputs in a
   specified timeframe (activities and role of the
   stakeholders, e.g. local and national
   governments, private sector, civil society, and
   international agencies)

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Essential condition(s)
Necessary condition(s)
Challenges

1. Logical and suitable
2. Human resources
3. Jurisdiction Implementation

Regulations Institutions

1. Pollution levels (SOx, NOx, CO2)
2. Sources (Vehicles, Industry, energy)

1. Public awareness
2. Information systems
3. Formal Informal framework

Public participation

1. Government donor funding
2. Economic instruments (MBIs)
3. Public-private partnerships

Financial Mechanisms

1. Monitoring
2. Production automobiles
3. Repair and maintenance

Appropriate Technology