??? (mono-), ??? (di-), ??? (tri-) ? ??? (poly-saccharides)

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??? ???? ?? III

• 2006. 9. 21.-22.
• ???? ? ? ?
• ???? ? ? ?

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??? ???? ??
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??

• ??? ???? ? ????, ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ?
  ??? ??.
• ??? ??? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ? ??? ??.

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????

• ??? ??? ? ???????? ??
• ??
• ??? (mono-), ??? (di-), ??? (tri-) ? ???
  (poly-saccharides)
• ????
• Acids (acetic acid, lactic acid) Gas (??, ??)
• ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???, ???? ??? ??? ?? ???
  ??
• ? ??? ????? ??
• ????? ?? ?? ??
• ??? ??
• ??? ?? ??
• Methyl-Red ? Voges-Proskauer (MR-VP) ??

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??? ??

• ?? Bacilus subtilis, E.coli,
• ?? phenol red? ??? glucose ?? lactose broth?
  ???? Durham tube? ? ?? (loop??)
• Phenol red ???, pK 7.0
• Yellow (pH6.8) ? ? (pH 8.4) Red
• ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??

Glucose Lactose Sucrose
B. subtilis
E. coli
S. Paratyphi A
Control (-)
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??? ??

• ?? Bacilus subtilis, E.coli,
• ?? phenol red? ??? glucose ?? lactose ??? ????
  Durham tube? ? ??
• Phenol red ???
• Yellow (pH6.8) ? ? (pH 8.4) Red
• ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??

Glucose Lactose Sucrose
B. subtilis
E. coli /gas /gas
S. Paratyphi A /gas
Control(-)
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IMViC test
I Indole production M Methyl Red Vi
Voges-Proskauer test C Citrate utilization test
Escherichia ? Enterobacter ? ??
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??? ?? ?? (Citrate Utilization Test)

• ?? Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes
• ?? Simmons citrate agar slant (????? ??? ??????
  ??????)? ? ?? (needle ??)
• ??? bromothymol blue
• Yellow (pH 6.2) ? ? (pH 7.6) Blue
• ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??
• ???? ?? green? blue
• ????? ????

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Bromothymol blue, also known as bromthymol blue,
is a chemical indicator for weak acids and bases.
Following are given its colours at different
solution pH values. Alkaline (basic) - Blue (pH
gt 7) Neutral - Green (pH 7) Acid - Yellow (pH
lt 7) The bromothymol blue acts as a weak acid in
solution and therefore can be in acid or base
forms which appear yellow and blue respectively
C21H15NaBr2O3S ? H C21H14NaBr2O3S- The pKa
for bromothymol blue is 7. Formula
C21H15NaBr2O3SAlternative name
Dibromothymolsulfonephthalein, BTB
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Methyl-Red and Voges Proskauer test (MR-VP test)
Enteric group bacteria Gram negative
Facultative anaerobiosis
1. Escherichia,
Salmonella, Shigella
coliform bacteria
2. Enterobacter, Serratia, Erwinia
3. Proteus,
Providencia 4.
Yersinia
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Mixed-acid fermentation
Butanediol fermentation
Acetoin (acethyl-methyl-carbinol) ??
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• ?? E. coli, E. aerogenes
• ??
• ?? MR-VP media broth 2?? MR?, 2?? VP?
• MR test ?? test
• ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? pH? ???
• Methyl Red Red (pH 4.2) ? ? (pH6.3) Yellow
• VP test acetoin (acethyl-methyl-carbinol) ????
• pH? ??? ??? VP ??? ???? ?? ?? acetoin? ??
• VP?? A (5 ?-naphthol, 8-10 drops) ??? ??
• VP?? B (0.3 creatine in 40 KOH, 8-10 drops) ???
  ??
• RT, 20?
• ???? pink? red

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???? ????? ?? ??

• Indole ?? ?? tryptophan hydrolysis? ??? indole??
  ??
• - Tryptophanase ? ?? ??
• ???? ?? ?? (KIA slant, Kliglers Iron Agar)
• H2S Fe ? FeS (Black) H2 gas
• Sulfur? ???? amino acid? ???? H2S gas ??? H2S
  gas? Fe?????? FeS ??
• FeS ??? ?? H2S? ??? ??

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Indole ????

• ? B. subtilis, E. coli
• ?? tryphtopahn broth? ??? ?? (loop??)
• ?? ??? Kovac?? (2-3 drops) ? alchol?? ??? ??
  ??? indole??
• ?? Kovac??- HCl ??

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???? ?? ??

• ?? E. coli, S. paratyphi A, Proteus vulgaris
• ?? KIA slant (Fe ?? ??)? ? ?? (needle??)
• ?? ??? ?? ?? ??

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??? ??

• ??? ????? (Semisolid agar method, 0.2-0.4 ??)
• ?? B. subtilis, P. vulgaris ? ??- ?? streaking?
  ?? ?? ??? ???? ?.
• ?? ??? ?? ?? ??

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????? ??? ??? ??
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??

• ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ??
• ? ? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ??

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?? ?? ??? ???

• ?? B. subtilis (18h, 72h), E. coli (18h)
• ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? 60?, 80?? water bath?? 10??
  ????? ? ???? ??
• Spore?? ??? ?? ??

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???? ????? ??? ??

• ?? S. aureus, E. coli
• ?? Nutrient agar (0.85 ?? 7.5 NaCl ??)? ??,
  ???? ??
• Plate? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? (labeling ??)
• ????? 0.5-3? ????? ??
• ???? ???? ?? V. parahaemolyticus

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??? ??? ??
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??

• ??? ??? ????? ???? ? ??? ??? ? ??? ??
• ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ??
• ????????? ??????? ??? ? ??? ??
• ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??

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??? ??? ????

• ??? ???
• ????? (Kirby-Bauer method)
• ?? ??? (??/disc)
• Carbenicillin (100 ?)
• Cephaolthin (30 ?)
• Chloramphenicol (30 ?)
• Erythromycin (15 ?)
• Gentamycin (10 ?)
• Penicillin (10 unit)
• Tetracycline (30 ?)

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?? ???

• ?? S.aureus, E.coli
• ??
• ?????? ??? ? ??? ???? Muller-Hinton agar??? ?
  ????? (? ??? 2 plates)
• ? ??? disc? plate? ??? ???. (3-4?? disc/plate)

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??? ??? ??? ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ?
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