Geography

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Geography

• Mr. Mohon
• Social Studies 8

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Journal Entry 1

• Consider the following questions and write at
  least a paragraph response using complete
  sentences. Please turn your finished responses
  on the small desk next to the phone.__________
• Why do people live where they live?
• What physical features do you see in the
  landscape around where we live?
• How do natural resources play a role in where
  people settle and live?
• Why do you think we need to understand GEOGRAPHY
  in order to understand HISTORY?

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I Can

• Use geographic tools to explain patterns and
  locations on the Earth.
• These tools include maps, photographs, charts,
  graphs, and computers. (SS-08.4.1.1)

4
I Can

• Explain how physical features cause people to
  live where they do.
• These include rivers, mountains, and sea coasts.
  (SS-08.4.3.1)

5
I Can

• Describe factors that PUSH people to move.
  (Negative causes)
• Describe PULL factors that cause people to move.
  (Positive causes) (SS-08.4.3.2)
• Describe how humans changed their environment to
  meet their needs. (SS-08.4.2.1)

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I Can

• Describe how places change using technology,
  resources, and new knowledge. (SS-08.4.2.2)
• Describe how resources found in a region cause it
  to change.

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Five Themes of Geography

• There are five themes of geography we study in
  order to make connections to the world and how we
  interact with it
• Location
• Place
• Movement
• Region
• Human-Environmental Interaction

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Location

• Location refers to WHERE something is on Earth.
• There are two types of location
• Absolute location
• Relative location

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Absolute Location

• ABSOLUTE LOCATION uses lines of LATITUDE and
  LONGITUDE to determine an exact point on the
  Earth.
• ANY LOCATION ON EARTH can be located using these
  grid lines of latitude and longitude.
• Bowling Green, KY is located at about 37 degrees
  NORTH, and 86 degrees WEST.
• When writing out coordinates of a location, the
  LATITUDE ALWAYS goes first (North or South
  measurement).

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Absolute Location

• The EQUATOR is located at 0 degrees latitude
  around the center of the Earth.
• The PRIME MERIDIAN is at 0 degrees longitude and
  runs through the observatory at Greenwich,
  England.

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Absolute Location

• The EQUATOR divides the Earth into the Northern
  and Southern hemispheres.
• The PRIME MERIDIAN divides the Earth into the
  Eastern and Western hemispheres.

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PRACTICE!

• Complete the map activity in your Study Guide.
• Locate the cities on the map and tell in which
  hemispheres these cities are located.
• Use the map to find the approximate ABSOLUTE
  LOCATIONS of the cities listed. Make your best
  guess, and remember to put LATITUDE first!

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Relative Location

• Relative location refers to a location in
  reference to another location.
• For example Target is located between WalMart
  and Lowes.
• BG is located between Louisville and Nashville.
• WEMS is located next to WEHS and across from
  Hardees.

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Place

• PLACE refers to characteristics that make one
  place different from others. Consider these
  questions when thinking about PLACE
• What is this place like?
• How does it compare with other places?
• What physical and human characteristics make this
  place different?

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Place New York City
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Place Iowa
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Place Tahiti
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Place Beijing, China
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Place Timbuktu
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Movement

• MOVEMENT refers to the moving of people,
  products, forces, or ideas and how they define a
  place.

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Journal Entry 2

• How has MOVEMENT as a theme of geography
  contributed to the growth of the United States?
• Think about what kind of movement you have seen
  in your own lifetimeof people, ideas, products,
  etc. moving into, out of, and within the country.

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Region

• REGION refers to similarities in a group of
  locations that bond them together due to common
  characteristics.
• In other words, a REGION is a group of locations
  with a lot of different physical and cultural
  characteristics in common.

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Some Political Regions of the U.S.

• GREEN Pacific/West Coast
• ORANGE Rocky Mountains
• PEACH Southwest
• PINK Great Plains
• LIGHT PURPLE Great Lakes
• DARK PURPLE Southeast
• BLUE Mid-Atlantic
• TEAL New England

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U.S. Climate Regions
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Human-Environmental Interaction

• H-E Interaction refers to the ways in which
  people modified the environment for their own
  benefit.
• Farming, irrigation, urban sprawl,
  transportation, mining, oil drilling

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Journal Entry 3

• How do people modify/change the environment near
  where we live?
• Are there positive or negative effects to these
  actions?

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Mnemonic Device

• A mnemonic device is a fancy way of coming up
  with a code to remember something. Some mnemonic
  devices are
• George Eats Old Gray Rats And Paints Houses
  Yellow (spells geography)
• My Very Eager Mother Just Served Us Nachos
  (planets of the solar system)
• Even George Bush Drives Fast (bars on a treble
  clef in music)

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Create a Mnemonic Device for the 5 Themes of
Geography

• Location
• Place
• Movement
• Region
• Human-Environmental Interaction

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Five Themes Foldable

• Folding into Fifths
• (fold on the lines provided)
• Fold a sheet of paper in 2/3 horizontally
• (hotdog, leaving a tab at the bottom).
• 2. Fold the paper so that one-third of the hot
• dog is exposed and two-thirds is covered.
• 3. Fold the two-thirds section in half.
• 4. Fold the one-third section (single thickness)
• backward to form a fold line.
• The paper will be divided into fifths when
• opened.

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Five Themes Foldable

• Now, youll use a pair of scissors to cut the
  folds into five equal sections.
• On the tab at the bottom of the foldable, write
  The Five Themes of Geography
• On the outside of each tab, write the 5 themes.
• Under each tab, write the definition of the
  theme. In the white space beneath the tab, draw
  a picture illustrating that theme. When you open
  the tab, you should find the definition of the
  theme written on the inside along with your
  picture.

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Push Pull Factors

• Ford River Rouge Plant-Detroit, Michigan. The
  largest automotive factory in the world when it
  was built.

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Ford Rouge Plant Today 2010
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PUSH and PULL factors

• PUSH FACTORS people away from a particular area.
• PULL FACTORS attract people to move to another
  area.

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Push Factors

• War
• Famine (Hunger)
• Disease
• Persecution (being treated badly for ones
  beliefs, ethnic background, or way of life)
• Over-population
• Lack of opportunity

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PULL Factors

• A better economy
• Opportunities
• Freedom
• Family
• Lets look at some push and pull factors

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New Orleans, LA Hurricane Katrina

• August 29, 2005 Hurricane Katrina, A category 5
  storm hits New Orleans.

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Darfur, Sudan

• 2000s Ethnic cleansing and genocide sponsored by
  the Sudanese government forces millions into the
  isolated region of Darfur.

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Arizona, 2010

• Arizona governor Jan Brewer passes tough
  immigration law allowing police to turn over
  anyone suspected of being an illegal resident
  over to Immigration Services if they cannot prove
  they are in the state legally.

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Globe
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Globe

• Pros
• Accurate size and features.

• Cons
• Inconvenient

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Robinson Projection
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Robinson Projection

• Pros
• Accurate land size.

• Cons
• Distortion moving away from equator.
• Angles from latitude measurements will be
  slightly off.

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Mercator Projection
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Mercator Projection

• Pros
• Accurate distance.
• True direction.

• Cons
• Distortion near the poles.