Earth

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Earths Major Biomes
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Earths Major Biomes

• Type of biome controlled by temperature and
  precipitation

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Earths Major Biomes

• Tundra

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Earths Major Biomes

• Tundra

• Characterized by
• Very short growing season
• Little precipitation (10-25 cm / yr)
• Permafrost
• Low species diversity

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Earths Major Biomes

• Boreal Forest (Tiaga)

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Earths Major Biomes

• Boreal Forest (Tiaga)

• Characterized by
• Short growing season
• Low precipitation (50 cm / yr)
• Dominated by conifers (spruce, fir), but also
  has aspen, birch

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Earths Major Biomes

• Temperate Rain Forest

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Earths Major Biomes

• Temperate Rain Forest

• Characterized by
• Cool high precipitation (127 cm / yr)
• Dominated by evergreens (hemlock, spruce, cedar)
• Heavily logged

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Earths Major Biomes

• Temperate Deciduous Forest

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Earths Major Biomes

• Temperate Deciduous Forest

• Characterized by
• Hot summers, cold winters
• Moderate precipitation (75-150 cm / yr)
• Dominated by oaks, hickory, maple
• Commonly converted to agriculture

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Earths Major Biomes

• Grasslands

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Earths Major Biomes

• Grasslands

• Characterized by
• Hot summers, cold winters
• Low to moderate precipitation (25-75 cm / yr)
• Dominated tallgrass or shortgrass prairies
• Heavily converted to agriculture

13
Earths Major Biomes

• Chaparral

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Earths Major Biomes

• Chaparral

• Characterized by
• Dry summers, mild winters
• Frequent fires
• Dominated by short pines, evergreen shrubs, scrub
  oak (but varies worldwide)

15
Earths Major Biomes

• Deserts

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Earths Major Biomes

• Deserts

• Characterized by
• Wide daily variations in temperature
• Very dry (lt25 cm precipitation / yr)
• Sparse plant coverage

17
Earths Major Biomes

• Savanna

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Earths Major Biomes

• Savanna

• Characterized by
• Precipitation 76-150 cm / yr, but very seasonal
  with extended dry periods
• Dominated by grasses, with occasional trees
• African most famous for herds of wildebeest,
  antelope, zebra

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Earths Major Biomes

• Tropical Rain Forests

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Earths Major Biomes

• Tropical Rain Forests

• Characterized by
• Very high precipitation 200-450 cm / yr
• Very nutrient-poor soil
• Extremely high primary productivity
• Extremely high species richness

21
Earths Major Biomes

• Vertical Zonation The Distribution of Vegetation
  on Mountains

22
Aquatic Ecosystems

• Human Impacts on Coral Reefs
• Sedimentation / siltation
• Pollution
• Overfishing
• Direct disturbance (anchor dragging, divers
  damaging / collecting specimens)

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Aquatic Ecosystems

• Human Impacts on the Ocean

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Aquatic Ecosystems

• Human Impacts on the Ocean