Remedial Windows Software for Deaf Students

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Remedial Windows Software for Deaf Students

• Norm Crozer
• Los Angeles Pierce College

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30 years ago...
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I was frustrated because mystudents were not
learning.
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My students and I were equally to blame
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My students were not used to thinking
couch-potato learners not able to apply
things they learn
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Not only that
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My teaching was not effective did not allow
for differences in learning abilities did not
give students the one- on-one attention they
needed
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At the end of each semester, the results were the
same
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My students had learned things.They could pass
my tests.But their writing did not improve.
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What to do??
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Then I had an idea!!
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Personal Computers were just becoming available.
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Why couldnt I have computers help with my
teaching?
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Great idea, but there was no software written
specifically for postsecondary deaf students.
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I had some experience programming, so I decided
to write my own software for my deaf students.
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I began with one program and gradually added more
until...
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I had writtenone vocabulary program and six
writing programs.
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Initially the programs served to supplement my
instruction.
But, over time, the programs became the basis for
80 of my instruction.
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The programs turned everything around.
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Students became active learners started to
think, reason and analyze things started to
apply the things they learned in their writing
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My Instruction became more effective allowed
for differences in learning abilities. gave
students the one-on-one attention they needed
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Of the deaf students who have completed all the
programs, 75 have gone on to mainstream English.
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While we use the programs at Pierce College in
special classes, other schools use them to
supplement mainstream instruction.
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Vocabulary Enrichment
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Vocabulary Enrichment (VE) is a self-contained
program that provides 100 of the instruction,
practice, review, and testing needed by students.
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VE does this without the need for an instructor
or classroom.
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VE is able to conduct a hybrid distance
education class or serve as a supplement to
mainstream instruction.
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At Pierce, the VE program conducts a one-unit
vocabulary class every semester with 200 deaf
and hearing students including ESL students.
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My only involvement is to give an orientation
at the beginning of the semester and monitor
student progress.
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VE Program Organization
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The VE program is divided into two levels so
students from all ages and vocabulary levels can
use it.
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Level A contains 1,125 words fromthe 4th grade
to the 8th grade. Level B contains 1,125
words fromthe 9th grade to college.
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All students start with a pretest. The pretest
shows the student one word at a time with four
choices for the definition and one Dont Know
choice.
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Students choose the correct meaning for each
word. The program ignores the words a student
gets right and saves the words he/she gets wrong.
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This means that students will not have to waste
time studying words they already know.
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The pretest starts each student in level B. If
the student makes too many mistakes in the first
25 questions, the program moves the student to
the level A pretest.
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When the number of saved words reaches 180, the
pretest stops and the 180 words become a
personalized word set for the student.
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The program breaks each students set of 180
words into 12 groups of 15 words each and prints
a hard copy for study at home.
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To help students learn, practice and review their
words, the program presents four lessons for each
group.
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Group 1 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
Group 2 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
4.
Group 3 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 4 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 5 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 6 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 7 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 8 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 9 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 10 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 11 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
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Group 12 Lessons 1. 2. 3.
4.
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The lessons for each group are

• Learning the Definitions
• Reverse (definition to word)
• Practice Quiz
• Random Review

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Students must complete each set of lessons before
the program gives them the option to take each
test.
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Students must pass each group test before the
program allows them to begin their next
group.Each group test is cumulative which
forces students to review all their previously
learned words.
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Students study and take a test on at least one
word group per week.
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Students can complete up to three sets (540
words) during a semester.
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The program can also administer a final exam. It
covers all sets attempted by each student.
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To help in class management, the VE program has
22 Staff Options.
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Some Of These Options Include

• View student test scores
• View dates and times (work and tests)
• Place students on hold
• Reprint vocabulary lists
• Delete students
• Print Student Progress Reports

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• Here is a sample page from the Student Progress
  Reports.

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(No Transcript)
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The VE program also has audio output for hearing
students.
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The design of the program is the reason that
students using the program over the last 30 years
have averaged 96 on their final exams.
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A quick word on funding.
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If your college is funded by student count in
classes, and if you want to take the time to
create a special vocabulary class at your
college, VE can earn money for your program.
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At Pierce, our special class run by the VE
program brought in approximately 26,000 last
year which we used to augment the funding for our
DSP.
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Writing Programs
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The Six Writing Programs are

• Text Builder I
• Text Builder II
• Text Builder VS
• Text Builder VC
• Proof Reading
• Paragraphs

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• The Writing Programs Are Like Icebergs. What You
  See Is Just the Surface of the Program.

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• The Writing Programs are
• also like Disneyland.
• Neither will ever be completed.

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• The Writing Programs Provide

• Immediate Corrective Feedback
• Active, not Passive Learning
• Mastery Learning
• Individualized Instruction
• On-Demand Course Content

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Immediate Corrective Feedback
Notifies students of a mistake the instant they
make it Explains the reason for the mistake
Requires the student to fix the mistake.
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Immediate Corrective Feedback
Is critical to learning and retention Fixes
correct writing responses Fosters good writing
habits
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Without Immediate Corrective Feedback, students
will continue making the same writing mistakes
until those mistakes become habitual and very
difficult to unlearn.
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Immediate Corrective Feedback of mistakes is the
cornerstone of the six Writing Programs.
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Active Learning
Active Learning means writing, thinking, asking
questions, trial and error, and experiencing
success after struggling with a concept.
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The six Writing Programs deliver in all aspects
of Active Learning.
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Mastery Learning
Mastery Learning means working on a unit until
the student demonstrates mastery of the unit.
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Mastery Learning
The four sentence writing programs will require
students to repeat a group if a student makes
more than 10 mistakes.
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Mastery Learning
The four sentence writing programs will require
students to do at least one more group if a
student makes between 4 and10 mistakes.
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Mastery Learning
The four sentence writing programs will allow a
student to take the test on a unit if the student
makes 3 or less mistakes in a group.
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Mastery Learning
The four sentence writing programs will assume
mastery of a unit if the student makes 6 or less
mistakes in a programmed administered test with
30 sentences.
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While the Programs are designed to keep students
working on a unit until mastery is achieved, the
instructor can override the mastery criteria in
the programs and use any pace desired.
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Individualized Instruction Means
No pre-determined pace Instruction based on a
students needs Allowing students to progress
independently of other students.
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By their very nature, the Writing Programs offer
all the elements of Individualized Instruction.
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On-Demand Course Content
This means students can easily and readily get
rules and other reference information from within
the program without asking the instructor.
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On-Demand Course Content

• Pull-Down Glossary and Dictionary
• Pull-Down Word Lists
• Pull-Down Grammar and Spelling
• rules

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All the Writing Programs

• Support and reinforce each other
• Generate random and work-related
• homework

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The writing programs are only about 80
self-contained and therefore have some reliance
on a staff person.
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Before students begin any new unit, a staff
person needs to explain the main concepts and
rules of that unit.
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On a day-to-day basis, a staff person needs to
be available to clarify concepts and answer
specific questions.
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All the Writing Programs involve the concepts
ofTransitive Verb (Vt) and Intransitive Verb
(Vi).
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Vt Verbs Require Objects
The man has a car. My friend likes his
classes. We need more time.
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Vi Verbs Use Places
The teacher goes to class. His dog sleeps in a
bed. The girl walks to the store.
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Many Verbs Are Both
My uncle reads the book My uncle reads in the
class. The student studies math. The student
studies in the library.
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Use of Vt and Vi helps prevent students from
writing sentences like the following
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The man sleeps the bed. My sister attends to the
school. He agrees the man.
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Overview of the Four Text Builder Programs
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The Text Builder Programs

• Text Builder I
• Text Builder II
• Text Builder VS
• Text Builder VC

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The four Text Builder programs focus on writing
sentences in groups of 15.
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The Programs Allow Students to

• Learn at different rates
• Work outside the class (network)
• Get unlimited opportunities for practice

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The Programs Allow Staff to

• Add and Remove Students
• See Dates Any Student Has Worked
• See Cumulative Hours Worked
• See Current Unit For Each Student

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Text Builder I
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The Text Builder I Program is appropriate for
most low-verbal students.
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Text Builder I Program Involves

• Eight verb forms
• Three sentence patterns

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Verb Forms

• Present tense
• Negative
• Past
• Negative past
• Modal
• Negative modal
• Continuous
• Negative continuous

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Sentence Patterns
Subject Vt Object
Subject Vi Adverb
adjective Subject (be)
person place
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In Text Builder I, students focus on each verb
form, one at a time, and practice the verb
randomly using the three sentence patterns.
They spend as much time as they need to complete
each verb form.
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Students build sentences in a two-step process.
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In the first step, the program randomly chooses a
subject and a verb and asks the student to type a
Related Word
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It is the Related Word that determines if the
sentence makes sense. Choosing an appropriate
Related Word is therefore critical and
sometimes difficult.
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In the second step, the program asks the student
to type a sentence using the subject, verb, and
Related Word in the current verb form.
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Here a sample using a screen capture of the
program. We start with the first step.
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Students next write a sentence using the three
words from the first screen.
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Text Builder II
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• In the Text Builder I program, students focused
  on the eight verb forms.
• In Text Builder II, students focus on seven
  advanced sentence patterns (4-10).

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The Text Builder II Patterns Include
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• (4) Subject Vt verbal related word
• (The old man wants to buy a car.)

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• (5) Subject Vt I.O. D.O.
• (His friend gave me a present.)

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(6) Subject Vt verbal I.O. D.O.
(The girl likes to give us candy.)
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• (7) Subject Vt D.O. verb related word
• (He helps the boy do his homework.)

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• (8) Subject Vt D.O. verbal related word
• (My brother wants us to go to school.)

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• (9) Subject Vt THAT (Patterns 1-3)
• (The man knows that I have the money.)

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• (10) Subject Vt D.O. WHO verb related
  word
• (They like the man who brings the food.)

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The Text Builder II program uses the same
two-step process to build sentences as Text
Builder I.
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Text Builder VS
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The Text Builder VS (Vocabulary Sentences)
program is based on the Text Builder I program.
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In the VS program, students practice writing
sentences with unfamiliar words.
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For each sentence, students must first decide
where to place each new word, then decide words
for the other two positions.
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Students next write a sentence using the three
words from the first screen.
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As before, the program checks for mistakes as the
students type each sentence.
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The first level contains 14data sets that will
generate 15 sentences each.
The VS Program Has Two Levels
The second level contains 13data sets that will
generate 15 sentences each.
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The Text Builder VS program also uses the same
two-step process to build sentences as Text
Builder I.
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Text Builder VC
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The Text Builder VC (Vocabulary Comparison)
program is also based on the Text Builder I
program.
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In Text Builder VC, students practice writing
sentences with Word Families. Unlike the VS
program, however, students will know the
meanings of the words.
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Word Families will include word sets such as
Success, Succeed, Successful Decide,
Decision, Decisive Death, Die, Dead
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As with the VS program, students using the VC
program must first decide where to place eachnew
word, then then decide words for the other two
positions.
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The first level contains 18data sets that will
generate 15 sentences each.
The VC Program Has Two Levels
The second level contains 14data sets that will
generate 15 sentences each.
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The Text Builder VC program also uses the same
two-step process to build sentences as Text
Builder I.
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Proof Reading
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The Proof Reading program helps ensure that the
material in the Text Builder I program is being
internalized.
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In the Proof Reading program, students are
presented with sentences containing errors.
Students must find the errors and correct them.
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Paragraphs
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In the Paragraphs program, students practice
writing paragraphs using the same kind of word
prompts found in the Text Builder programs.
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The emphasis here is on articles. Students learn
that they type a or an with a noun used for
the first time, and type the each time the noun
is repeated.
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The first level contains 50 paragraphs and
corresponds to the work students do in the Text
Builder I program.
Paragraphs Has Two Levels
The second level contains 35 paragraphs and
corresponds to the work students do in the Text
Builder II program.
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Documentation
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• All seven Programs come with
• Staff Instructions.

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Each of the six Writing Programs comes with
a Student Handbook.
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Each of the six Writing Programs comes with
two PowerPoint Presentations.
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• The Text Builder programs have been used
  extensively by deaf students at Pierce and other
  colleges including NTID.

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• The input of these students over the past 30
  years has been and is the driving force behind
  the evolution of the programs.

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OK, now a brief review
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• There are seven PC computer programs that were
  written specifically for postsecondary deaf
  students.

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• Vocabulary Enrichment
• Text Builder I
• Text Builder II
• Text Builder VS
• Text Builder VC
• Proof Reading
• Paragraphs

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• These can be used in special classes or as a
  supplement to regular instruction.

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Vocabulary 100Text Builder I 50Text
Builder II 50Text Builder VS 35Text Builder
VC 25Proof Reading 25Paragraphs 75
Prices are as follows
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If You Need to Contact Me for Questions or
Explanations My Email Address Iscrozernp_at_pierce
college.eduMy Phone Number Is(818) 710-4226
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The End