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Rise of New Leaders

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What is it? Describe its characteristics Government establishes complete control of all aspects of the state (political, military, economy, social, cultural ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Rise of New Leaders


1
Rise of New Leaders and Ideas in Europe during
the 1930s
2
Who Would You Vote For?
Contestant 1 I am a womanizer, have
self-interested policies and unfortunately
suffer from ailing health.


Contestant 2I have a drinking habit and a
defiant tongue or attitude
Contestant 3I am a decorated war hero, do not
drink and want to create a stable economy
3
Who Did You Vote For?

Contestant 3


Contestant 2
Contestant 1
4
Black Tuesday 1929- stock market
crashes
Treaty of Versailles
Great Depressionduring 1930s
Totalitarianism
Increasing influence of new political parties
that emphasize state control-For example
Communism, Nazism, Fascism
Total Controlof State by aDictator
5
Totalitarianism
  • What is it?
  • Describe its characteristics

6
Totalitarianism
  • Government establishes complete control of all
    aspects of the state(political, military,
    economy, social, cultural)
  • Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies,
    uniforms)
  • Strict controls and laws
  • Military state (secret police, army, military)
  • Censorship (opposing literature and ideas)
  • Propaganda (media radio, newspapers, posters)
  • One leader (dictator) charismatic
  • Total conformity of people to ideas and leader
  • Terror and Fear

7
Totalitarianism
These theories, specifically Communism and
Fascism, are completely different theories that
are bitterly opposed however they exhibit the
same behaviour
8
Communism
  • I am Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet
    Union from 1922-1953.
  • What is Communism?
  • LEFT WING
  • based on theory by Karl Marx
  • revolutionary idea of a political,
    economic and social system that creates a
    classless society
  • state ownership and control of the means of
    production (no private ownership)
  • Soviet Communism or Stalinism, was more of
    a totalitarian and military state combined
    with elements of communism

9
Fascism
  • I am Benito Mussolini the leader (Il Duce) of
    Italy from 1922 to 1943.
  • What is Fascism?
  • RIGHT WING
  • intense nationalism and elitism
  • totalitarian control
  • interests of the state more important than
    individual rights
  • maintain class system and private ownership

Interesting Fact Fascism name was derived from
the fasces, an ancient Roman symbol of authority
consisting of a bundle of rods and an ax
10
Nazism
  • I am Adolf Hitler the leader (der Fuhrer) or
    dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945.
  • What is Nazism?
  • extremely fascist , nationalistic and
    totalitarian
  • based on beliefs of the National Socialist
    German Workers Party
  • belief in the racial superiority of the Aryan,
    the master race
  • belief that all Germans should have lebensraum
    or living space in Europe
  • Violent hatred towards Jews and blamed Germanys
    problems on them

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15
The Eternal JewDepiction of a Jew holding gold
coins in one hand and a whip in the other. Under
his arm is a map of the world, with the imprint
of the hammer and sickle. Posters like this
promoted a sharp rise in anti-Semitic feelings,
and in some cases violence against the Jewish
community.
This Nazi propaganda poster reads, Behind the
enemy powers the Jew.
16
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17
Steps to War
  • Was the Treaty of Versailles truly the cause of
    World War II?
  • How did appeasement contribute to World War II?
  • Why did the League of Nations fail?
  • What role did isolationism play?
  • Could Hitler have been contained at any time
    prior to 1939?
  • How did World War II begin? What were the steps
    to war?
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