SENSING

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SENSING
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Understanding sensory-motor integration
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ORGANIZATION OF SENSORY SYSTEMS

• Sensori-motor integration
• External senses
• Localize/Detect and monitor change
• Tunedsense modes
• Less sensitive to unchanging stimuli

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The Visual System
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Tracing the ccts of vision
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The organ of vision
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The eye is like an SLR camera
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Like a camera

• Lens
• Iris
• photoreceptors

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The lens
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Like a camera

• Upside-down and inverted

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Control of eye movement also critical
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Eye movement
Pursuit/tracking Saccades vergence
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Sensitivity and Limitations of the visual system
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The Iris

• Controls light exposure

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Visual field and retino-topic organization
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The retina-photoreceptive tissue
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More on the retina
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Receptive fields and Coding
RODS- dark/low illumination sensitive to
movement peripheral vision CONES- High
illumination sensitive to color foveal vision
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ROD CONE DISTRIBUTION
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FOVEA
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FOVEA and optic disc/blind spot
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Coding in cones
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Foveal acuity
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NOTE

• Light passes through ganglion cell layer, and
  bipolar cell layer before striking photoreceptors
  ( light transparent).
• Activation of photoreceptor activats cct in
  reverse direction.

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Sensory convergence
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Retina ganglion cell axons coalesce
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and leave eye chamber to form the optic nerve
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From retina to cortex
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Partial decussation at optic chiasm
Decussation-crossing over Not as simple as left
and right eye Decussation of visual field info
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VENTRAL STREAM

• Object Recognition
• Visual agnosias
• Prosopagnosia
• anosagnosia

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• Dorsal Sream-
• WHERE/ CONTEXT/SPACE
• Balints
• Movement agnosia
• Visual Sensory neglect

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Visual hemilateral neglect
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• Hearing
• Sound
• The Structure of Ear
• The Pathway from Ear to Cortex
• The Neural Coding of Sound

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• Pitch
• Loudness
• Location
• Feature Detection
• How Does Our Auditory System Develop?
• Taste and Smell A Briefer Look
• Taste
• Smell