Presentation for the occasion of the International Migrants Day (18 December)

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www.iom.org.ua

• Presentation for the occasion of the
  International Migrants Day (18 December)
• Ruth Krcmár, IOM Mission in Ukraine

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Contents

• Migration and the World
• Migration and Ukraine
• What is IOM?
• IOM mission in Ukraine
• IOM and I

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• Migration and the World

IOM staff together with Ukrainian labour migrants
in Portugal
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As we speak

• 1) History of mankind can be described as a
  history of migration
• 2) 200 million people migrate across
  international borders globally annually
• 3) Another 700 million people per year migrate
  internally within the borders of their states
  without leaving their countries and regions of
  origin
• 4) Contemporary migration is global, fast and
  diverse
• 5) Number of people living outside their
  countries of origin will double in the next 15
  years
• 6) An upcoming challenge environmentally
  induced migration as a result of global warming
• 7) Aging population asks for modern approaches to
  address demographic change. Average Slovenian in
  2050 will be 49 years old.
• 8) If migration is managed well, migrants
  sending and receiving countries can benefit from
  it .

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Feminization of Migration

• Nearly half of the world's migrants today are
  women.
• Female migration can challenge gender stereotypes
  and lead to greater independence and autonomy for
  women by increasing the proportion of women in
  paid employment situations.
• The increased feminization of migration - women
  migrating independently, or, as the
  "breadwinner," thereby promoting gender equality
  and empowering women.

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Prudentópolis?
There are more Ukrainians living abroad than
foreigners in Ukraine Prudentopolis looks like a
typical Ukrainian town, although it is in
Brazil Ukrainian population in Brazil was in
2009 was 0.5 million people . Around 80 of
them live in a central Region called the
Brazilian Ukraine. 75 of Prudentópolis city
population are Ukrainians. The Ukrainian
language is taught in local schools, and the
culture from Ukraine is preserved.
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• Migration and Ukraine

Children of Ukrainian labour migrants in Italy
attending a theatre play by student actors
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Migration Development

• First Ukrainians settled in Canada in 1861. Today
  Ukrainian diaspora is estimated 6-20 million.
• Emigration waves followed before and after WWI,
  during WWII and after the countrys independence.
  
• Remittance (money sent back to their country by
  labour migrants) is the second biggest cash flow
  globally
• World Bank estimates that remittance flows to
  developing countries amounts to USD 316
  billion/year -- two times that of Overseas
  Development Aid and about as substantial as all
  global Foreign Direct Investment.
• The World Bank estimates that a 10 increase in
  per capita remittances leads to a 3.5 decline in
  the share of people living in poverty.
• Remittances to Ukraine totaled 5bn in 2009
  (World Bank) and equaled to foreign direct
  investment or 5 of the GDP. Transfers mostly
  informal and used for consumption.

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Men 67
Ukrainian Labour Migrant
Male (67)
Married (60)
Average salary in Ukraine (USD 175)
Has Dependents (50)
Secondary of higher education 90
Source World Bank
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Labour Migration
The estimates of the stock of Ukrainian labour
migrants vary 1.5-4.5 to 9 million.
Main Destination Countries

• Half go to Russia half to EU
• Over 50 are irregular
• Average wage differential 8 times higher abroad
• Migrants 2/3 men, 1/3 women
• Men work in construction
• Women work in domestic care

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Trafficking in Human Beings

• Over 110,000 Ukrainian Victims of Trafficking
  (VoTs) since 1991 (average 5,500/ annum)
• 7,035 VoTs assisted by IOM (2000-2010)
• Trend 1 increasing no. of minors identified
• Trend 2 risk group for trafficking expanding
  from young women (15-24) to women and men of all
  ages
• Trend 3 increasing no. of foreign nationals VoTs
  
• Trend 4 increase in non-sexual forms of
  exploitation

Main destination countries for VoTs (2000-2010)
Counter-trafficking helpline 527 is free of
charge
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Female Victim of Trafficking Profile
18-30 years of age
From a rural area/ small town (39)
Victim of sexual or labour exploitation (50/50)
Trends older, internal trafficking
Secondary or technical education (73)
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Male Victim of Trafficking Profile
19-45 years old
From a rural area or a small town
Do not realize he is a VoT
Trend trafficked to Ukraine
Victim of labour exploitation
Secondary or technical education
Has a child
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What is IOM?
IOM staff at the Migrant Advice centre
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Leading Global Migration Agency

• Established in 1951, the International
  Organization for Migration (IOM) is the principal
  intergovernmental organization in the field of
  migration.
• Growing rapidly with currently 127 member states.
  
• A further 17 states hold observer status (as do
  numerous Os and NGOs).
• IOMs programme budget for 2009 exceeds US 1
  billion.
• Funding over 2,360 active programmes.
• And more than 7,000 staff members serving in more
  than 460 field offices in more than a 100
  countries.

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IOMs Strategy

• To provide secure, reliable and cost-effective
  services for persons who require
  international migration assistance
• To enhance the humane and orderly management of
  migration
• To offer expert advice, research, technical
  cooperation and operational assistance to states
  and other stakeholders
• To contribute to economic development of States
  through design and implementation of
  migration-related programmes aimed at maximizing
  migration benefits
• To support States, migrants and communities in
  addressing the challenges of irregular migration
• To be a primary reference point for migration
  information, research, best practices and data
  collection

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IOMs Strategy (cont)

• To promote, facilitate and support regional and
  global debate and dialogue on migration
• To assist States to facilitate the integration of
  migrants in their new environment and to engage
  diasporas as development partners
• To participate in coordinated humanitarian
  responses and post-crisis situations
• To undertake programmes which facilitate the
  voluntary return and integration of refugees and
  displaced persons
• To assist States in the development and delivery
  of programmes, studies and technical expertise on
  combating migrant smuggling and trafficking in
  persons
• To support the efforts of States in the area in
  labour migration, circular migration in
  particular.

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IOM in Ukraine
IOM mission in Ukraine staff
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IOM in Ukraine

• Over 100 dedicated professional staff members,
  working in
• COUNTER TRAFFICKING (awareness raising, advocacy
  and VoT assistance)
• LABOUR MIGRATION (promote legal channels for
  Ukrainian employment abroad)
• MIGRATION HEALTH ASSESSMENT (health screening for
  migrants)
• CAPACITY BUILDING IN MIGRATION MANAGEMENT (policy
  and technical advice to specialized Government
  agencies)
• PROMOTING MULTICULTURALISM (and Intercultural
  dialogue)
• ALLEVIATION OF SOCIAL DRAIN CAUSED BY MIGRATION
  (psychosocial assistance to children left behind
  by labour migrants)

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IOM in Ukraine

• The IOM Mission in Ukraine was established in
  1996 in Kyiv
• At the same time Ukraine became an observer state
  of IOM
• In 2001, Ukraine requested membership in IOM
• In 2002 the Ukrainian Parliament ratified this
  membership
• Same privileges and immunities as a United
  Nations Specialized Agency, member of the UN
  Country team

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Thank You Do you have a migration story to tell?
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