Enzymes

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Enzymes

• All chemical reactions convert reactants to
  products.
• Ex. 2 HCl Mg ? MgCl2 H2
• Enzymes are a class of protein.
• The job of an enzyme is to catalyze a reaction
  (help it get started).

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• Enzymes lower the amount of energy needed to get
  the reaction going activation energy.

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Examples

• DNA polymerase makes DNA
• Rennin curdles milk protein
• Lipase breaks down fats
• Protease breaks down proteins
• Usually end with -ase

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How do enzymes work?

• The material that an enzyme works on is called a
  substrate.

• Enzymes work like a lock and key must have
  right enzyme for each substrate.

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How do enzymes work?

• The active site on the enzyme is what binds to
  the substrate. Why enzymes?
• Specificness and Reusing enzymes

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Enzyme Shape

• The shape of each protein is determined by the
  sequence of amino acids used to make that
  protein.
• Just as for proteins, shape is extremely
  important.
• If proteins/enzymes dont have the correct
  temperature, pH, or salt concentration, they will
  lose their shape or denature and not be able to
  function.
• Denaturing

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Tutorial activity
http//www.lewport.wnyric.org/jwanamaker/animation
s/Enzyme20activity.html
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Competitive Inhibition

• In a process called competitive inhibition,
  molecules that fit the active site can prevent
  the enzyme from working.