Voyages of Columbus

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Voyages of Columbus

• By Christina, Colin, Jenny, James, Umar

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Introduction

• The first Europeans to go to Americas was The
  Norse seafarers from Scandinavia
• Between A.D 800 and 1100 they established
  settlements in Iceland, Greenland and
  Newfoundland once called Vinland.
• Conflicts with Native Americans and lack of
  support from there home caused their settlements
  to be unsuccessful in Vinland
• Vinland settlements were forgotten except in
  Norse sagas or heroic stories

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Christopher Columbus

• Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy 1451
• In 1477 he travelled to Lisbon, Portugal which
  brought him new knowledge of geography and
  cartography.
• Columbus calculated the distance between Japan
  and the Canary Islands of 2,400 miles which made
  him want to voyage to Asia by sailing west
  instead of south and east.
• 1492 was the year that European countries such as
  Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands and
  England began to explore because of
  Columbuss finding
• They pursued a passage to Asia.
• These nations established colonies in the
  Americas.

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Voyage Into the Unknown

• With a crew of 90 sailors Columbus left Spain in
  August 1492
• He first sailed south to the Canary Islands to
  repair his ships and restock on supplies
• By early October the crew had gone farther then
  expected and wanted to turn back
• In the early morning of October 12,1492 the
  lookout aboard the Pinta saw white cliffs
• Columbus had discovered the Bahamas (San
  Salvador) he claimed the land for Spain
• Columbus though that he had reached the East
  Indies off the coast of Asia so he called the
  Native People Indians

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Journal

• The crew of the Pinta spotted somereeds and
  some other plants they also saw what looked like
  a small board or plank. A stick was recovered
  that looks man-made, perhaps carved with an iron
  toolbut even these few things made the crew
  breathe easier in fact the men have become
  cheerful

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Marvels of a New World

• In April 1493 Columbus returned to the Spanish
  Court and received the titles of Admiral of the
  Ocean Sea and Viceroy and Governor of the
  Indies.
• Columbus had brought but some of the native
  people and everyone was interested in their
  copper tone skin, as well as the gold and trade
  possibilities available there.
• Columbus made three more voyages across the
  Atlantic, but he died in 1506 unaware that he had
  discovered new land.

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Treaty of Tordesillas

• Columbuss exploration put Spain and Portugal in
  direct competition for trade and empire building
• To resolve the conflict the Pope Alexander VI
  drew a Line of Demarcation through the Atlantic
  Ocean in 1493
• Spain was given all the non-Christian lands to
  the west of the line, and Portugal all those to
  the east

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Treaty of Tordesillas (cont.)

• In 1500 a fleet of Portuguese ships commanded by
  Pedro Alvarez Cabral set out for
  India
• But the ship was blown
  off course and the expedition
  reached present day Brazil
• This led to Portugal claiming
  the land as it was east of line of demarcation

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America is Named!

• In 1499 a different Portuguese expedition with
  navigator Amerigo Vespucci sailed along the coast
  of South America
• Vespucci determined that this land was a new
  continent
• In 1504 Vespuccis account was published and he
  incorrectly received the credit
• for reaching the new land before
  Columbus
• The new world was named
• America by German mapmakers

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A Vast New Ocean Revealed

• Vasco Núñez de Balboa led a journey to find a
  body of water that was guided by the Indians.
• The Indians knew the diverse and complicated
  paths to the countryside.
• In 1513 Balboa was the first European person to
  observe the eastern coast of the pacific ocean.

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This is a map of Balboas path
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Magellans Plan

• Magellan hoped to sail to the Spice Islands
  around the world.
• Spice trade is valuable and is found in
  Indonesia.
• Magellan went to Portuguese court in Spain and
  approached King Charles I with his plan.

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The Difficult Passage

• Spanish King then financed Magellans trip in
  1519
• 1520-Magellan reached a strait at the southern
  tip of South America
• Magellan called the ocean on the other side the
  Pacific

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Review
Why did Columbus originally sail to the West?
He wanted to voyage to Asia by sailing west
instead of south and east.

• Who were the first Europeans to go to the
  Americas/New World?

The first Europeans to go to Americas was The
Norse seafarers from Scandinavia
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Review

• What is the Line of Demarcation? And who drew the
  line?

The line gave Spain all the non-Christian lands
to the west of the line, and Portugal all those
to the east. Pope Alexander VI
What country claimed Brazil?
Portugal
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Review

• What did Balboa want to find in the west?

Balboa led a journey to find a body of water what
is now the Pacific Ocean
What did Ferdinand Magellan search for?
Magellan hoped to sail to the Spice Islands
around the world.
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Review

• Who incorrectly received credit for reaching the
  new land before Columbus.

Amerigo Vespucci
In what year did Pedro Alvarez Cabral set for
India.
1500
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Review

• Which of these people is Ferdinand Magellan ?