Chapter 9 Section 3

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Chapter 9 Section 3

• The Byzantine Empire

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Rise of the Byzantines

• The Greeks were the largest group of people in
  the empire, but there were many other peoples in
  the empire as well.
• These included Egyptians, Syrians, Arabs,
  Armenians, Jews, Persians, Slavs, and Turks

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Constantinople

• Constantines capital became the capital of the
  Byzantine Empire
• By AD 500s, Constantinople was thriving and one
  of the worlds great cities.

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Constantinoples Success

• Location, location, location! It lay on the
  waterways between the Black Sea and the Aegean
  Sea. The harbors offered a safe shelter for
  fishing boats, trading ships, and warships.

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Greek Influence

• Called the New Rome
• Emperors spoke Latin
• and enforced Roman
• law
• Hippodrome was
• where chariot races
• took place
• - Between AD 500 and AD 1200, the Byzantines were
  one of the richest and advanced societies

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Byzantine Empire AD 550
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Emperor Justinian

• Justinian became emperor of the Byzantine Empire
  in AD 527 and ruled until AD 565.
• Strong ruler who controlled the military, made
  laws, and was supreme judge.

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Theodora

• Justinians wife helped him run empire
• For womens rights
• Helped Justinian keep his throne in AD 532 when
  angry taxpayers stormed the palace

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Justinians Conquests

• Wanted to reunite the Roman Empire and bring back
  Romes glory.
• He ordered a general named Belisarius to
  strengthen and lead the Byzantine empire.
• Their calvary, soldiers mounted on horses, were
  successful in conquering most of Italy, northern
  Africa, and defeated the Persians in the east.

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Justinians Law Code

• Tribonian headed the group of legal scholars
  ordered to reform the law code.
• This new simplified code became known as the
  Justinian Law Code.
• Has influenced on laws of almost every country in
  Europe since then

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Byzantine Civilization

• Lasted about 1000 years.
• Most of the time, Constantinople was the richest
  and largest city in Europe.
• Byzantines were highly educated and creative
• Preserved the Greek culture and passed on Roman
  law to other people

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Importance of Trade

• Between AD 500s to the AD 1100s, the Byzantine
  Empire was the center of trade between Europe and
  Asia.
• Most Byzantines were farmers, herders, laborers,
  and artisans.
• Weaving silk developed around AD 500 and was one
  of the major industries

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Byzantine Art and Architecture

• Constantinople was known for its hundreds of
  churches and palaces.
• Hagia Sophia Holy Wisdom was one of
  Justinians greatest achievements.

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Hagia Sophia
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Hagia Sophia
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Byzantine Art and Architecture

• Mosaics pictures made from many bits of colored
  glass or stone
• Important part of Byzantine life
• Typically depicted saints, which means Christian
  holy people

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Byzantine Women

• Family life was the center of the social life for
  most Byzantines.
• Byzantine women were not encouraged to lead
  independent lives.
• Regent a person who stands in for a ruler who
  is too young or too ill to govern.

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Byzantine Education

• Learning was highly respected
• Boys studied religion, medicine, law, arithmetic,
  grammar, and other subjects.
• Wealthy Byzantines sometimes hired tutors.
• Girls were usually taught at home
• Authors wrote about religion

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Section 3Review
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Section 3 Review

• What is the largest group of people that lived in
  the Byzantine Empire?
• Greeks

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Section 3 Review

• What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?
• Constantinople

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Section 3 Review

• What was a major reason that Constantinople was
  so successful?
• Its location between the waterways of the Black
  Sea and the Aegean Sea

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Section 3

• What was another name for the Byzantine Empire?
  Why was it called that?
• It was called the New Rome because it was heavily
  influenced by Roman ways.

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Section 3

• Where did the Byzantine chariot races take place?
• The Hippodrome

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Section 3 Review

• Was Justinian a good emperor? What were some of
  his accomplishments?
• He was a strong ruler who commanded the military
  and ruled as a judge. He also built the Hagia
  Sophia. He also reformed the law, which was then
  called the Justinian Law Code.

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Section 3 Review

• Who was Justinians wife? Why did she talk him
  into remaining in the empire when the taxpayers
  rebelled?
• Theodora. She wanted to keep her title as
  empress, and she thought her husband should show
  them that he was a strong emperor.

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Section 3 Review

• Who is Belisarius? How did he improve the
  Byzantine army?
• He is the general that Justinian ordered to
  expand the empire. He changed the organization
  from footed soldiers to calvary, which is
  soldiers on horses.

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Section 3 Review

• What is the Tribonian?
• Headed the group of legal scholars ordered to
  reform the law code.

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Section 3 Review

• What is the Hagia Sophia? What does it mean?
• A famous church that Justinian built that has
  beautiful mosaics inside. It means Holy Wisdom.

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Section 3 Review

• What is a mosaic?
• Pictures made from many bits of colored glass or
  stone

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Section 3 Review

• What is a regent?
• A person who stands in for a ruler who is too
  young or too ill to govern