Introduction to Spreadsheets

1
Introduction to Spreadsheets

• Microsoft Excel
• A program which allows you to perform complex
  mathematical operations in an organized manner.
• What is a spreadsheet?
• A spreadsheet is a grid of rows and columns
  containing numbers and text.

2
Terms you need to know

• Rows
• Columns
• Range
• Cells
• Active Cell
• Cell Address
• Workbook
• Worksheet

• Labels
• Numeric Labels
• Values
• Mathematical Operators
• Orders of Operation
• Equation Formula
• Function Formula

3
Some Terms

• Workbook
• - An excel file that contains single or multiple
  worksheets.

• Worksheet
• - One page in an Excel workbook

4
Rows vs. Columns

• Rows
• -Identified by 1,2,3, etc. and goes across the
  spreadsheet horizontally

• Columns
• -Identified by A,B,C and goes across the
  spreadsheet vertically.

5
The Size of the Spreadsheet

• Number of Rows
• - 65536
• Number of Columns
• - 256

6
Cell

• This is where a row and column meet. Each cell
  has a cell location. Examples of this are A1,
  C5, Z34.
• Label-alphanumeric data that describes the values
  that follow and cannot be used in a calculation.
• Value-Numeric data that can be used in
  calculations.
• Range-A rectangular group of adjacent cells.

7
Columns
R O W s
Active Cell
Range
Range
8
Edit Cell
Cell Address
Label
Numeric Label
9
Numeric Label
Label
Value
10
Mathematical Operators

• Addition
• Subtraction
• Multiplication
• Division /

X -
11
Orders of Operation

1. Parenthesis
2. Exponents
3. Multiplication
4. Division
5. Addition
6. Subtraction

12
Two Types of Formulas

• A formula in an instruction to calculate a
  number.
• All formulas begin with an equal sign
• Equation Formulas
• Use mathematical operators
• Function Formulas
• Use function names (no math operators)

13
Equation Formulas
To add cellcellcell To subtract cell-cell
To multiply cellcell To divide cell/cell
Or any combination of math operators Example
A110 Example (A1B3)B710
A1 10 B3 2 B7 5
14
Function Formulas

• function name (cellcell)
• Function Names
• SUM adds a range of cells
• AVERAGE finds the average of a range of cells
• MIN lowest value in a range
• MAX highest value in a range
• COUNT number of cells filled with a value
• COUNTA number of cells filled with a label

15
Function Formulas

• The first step to using formulas is to think
  about what mathematical operation you want to
  accomplish. It helps sometimes to write the math
  problem on paper first.
• Next click on the cell where you want the answer
  to the formula to appear.
• Choose the formula you want from the drop down
  menu next to the SUM icon.
• Select the cells you want to include in the
  operation.
• If EXCEL guesses the cells for you, MAKE SURE TO
  VERIFY THAT THOSE ARE THE CELLS YOU WANT! EXCEL
  IS NOT ALWAYS RIGHT!!

16
Formulas and Functions

• Formulas always begin with the sign. This
  symbol tells Excel that a calculation is
  required. Formulas do not include spaces, and
  can include values and/or references to other
  cells.

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Formulas

• To Add cellcellcell or sum(Range)
• To Subtract cell-cell
• To Multiply cellcell
• To Divide cell/cell
• To Average average(range)
• Lowest min(range)
• Highest max(range)
• Counts count(range)
• Count Labels counta(range)
• Conditional Statement if(condition, then x,
  else y)

18
Checklist (for each spreadsheet)

• Headings Centered Over Columns
• Title Centered over the Spreadsheet
• Correct Formulas
• Decimals aligned in numeric columns
• Commas and Dollar Signs where appropriate
• Centered Vertically and Horizontally on page
• Name, Period, and Name of Spreadsheet in the
  Header