Scientific Method - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Scientific Method

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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: Savitha Sastry Last modified by: User Created Date: 11/26/2003 12:20:24 AM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Scientific Method


1
Scientific Method
  • A way to understand CAUSE AND EFFECT in the
    natural world

2
Scientific Method
Step 1 OBSERVE
Step 2 ASK A QUESTION
Step 3 RESEARCH
Step 4 MAKE A HYPOTHESIS
Step 5 TEST HYPOTHESIS
Step 6 CONCLUSION
3
Scientific Method Step 1 - Observation
  • Based on your 5 SENSES
  • Seeing
  • Hearing
  • Smelling
  • Touching
  • Tasting

4
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5
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6
Scientific Method Step 2 -Ask a Question
  • Question must be testable using a simple,
    direct experiment

7
Scientific Method Step 3 Research
  • Look up everything that is already known. Read
    papers published in journals/books /scientific
    literature

8
Scientific Method Step 4 Hypothesis
Educated Guess
  • If dependent variable - is related to independent
    variable,
  • Then - predict how dependent variable will
    respond
  • When - independent variable is changed by you
  • If-then-when statement

9
Scientific Method Step 4 Hypothesis
Educated Guess
  • Background Red Bull ads claim to increase
    concentration
  • Ques Can Drinking Red Bull before a test improve
    performance ?
  • Identify variables (anything that changes)
  • Number of red bull drinks and performance on test
  • Independent variable and dependent variable

10
Scientific Method Step 4 Hypothesis
Educated Guess
  • -If performance on test is related to consumption
    of red bull energy drink,
  • -Then average test score of students in AP
    Biology class will increase
  • -When red bull drink is consumed 15 minutes
    before the test
  • - If-then-when hypothesis statement
  • If dependent variable - is related to independent
    variable,
  • Then - predict how dependent variable will
    respond
  • When - independent variable is changed by you

11
Scientific Method Step 5a Planning the
Experiment
  • Experimental Design
  • A. Variables (3 types)
  • B. Control Group/Setup
  • C. Experimental Group/Setup

12
Scientific Method Step 5a Planning the
Experiment
  • Experimental Design
  • A.Variables anything that can change in an
    experiment
  • Independent Variable anything that you
    change/manipulate in an experiment (number of
    red bull drinks)
  • Dependent Variable anything that you measure as
    the response to the change you made (average
    test score)
  • Controlled Variables anything that you would
    keep the same in all experimental setups
  • such as time when drink was consumed, other types
    of stimulants the student has, test environment.

13
Scientific Method Step 5a Planning the
Experiment
  • Control group/setup does not have the
    independent variable

Group without red bull
Experimental setup has the independent variable
Group with red bull
14
Scientific Method Step 5b Data Collection
Analysis
TABLES
GRAPHS
15
Scientific Method Step 6 Conclusion
Did your results support hypothesis?
  • why or why not?
  • interpretation of your data
  • did you run many trials?
  • what was your sample size?
  • sources of errors
  • changes you would make

16
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