Section 1 Chapter 11 LT

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Section 1 Chapter 11 LT

• Tell how Florence and other cities contributed to
  the start and spread of the Renaissance.
• Explain how reopening the Silk Road and Marco
  Polos travels affected the Renaissance.

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Origins of the Renaissance Sect. 1
7.8.2 7.8.3

• The Big Idea
• The growth of wealthy trading cities in Italy led
  to a new era called the Renaissance.
• Main Ideas
• European trade with Asia increased in the 1300s.
• Trade cities in Italy grew wealthy and competed
  against each other.
• As Florence became a center for arts and
  learning, the Renaissance began.

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Main Idea 1European trade with Asia increased
in the 1300s.

• The results of the Black Death1. economy of
  Europe began to grow 2. Goods became available
  3. people bought more things4. trade
  increased.
• Mongols took over China. They made roads safe
  again, including the Silk Road, a trade route
  between Europe and China.
• Traders and travelers began to use the routes
  again. Marco Polo and his family went over the
  Silk Road.
• He gained favor in the Chinese court and took
  fabulous stories back to Italy.

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Main Idea 2Trade cities in Italy grew wealthy
and competed against each other.

• Northern Italy and its cities had become trading
  centers. These cities played very important roles
  in trade.
• These cities became trading centers.
• Florence- manufacturing center
• Genoa- Port city on the Mediterranean Sea
• Milan- manufacturing center
• Venice- Port city on the Mediterranean Sea
• Milan produced weapons and silk. Florence was a
  center for weaving wool into cloth.
• Wealthy families controlled the important cities
  of Italy.

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Main Idea 3As Florence became a center for arts
and learning, the Renaissance began.

• Trade goods from Asia poured into Europe. The
  merchant families in Italy became very wealthy.
  The families wanted everyone to see what they
  could buy with their wealth.
• Renaissance began in Florence, Italy because
  Cosimo de Medici, a rich banker, wanted it to be
  the most beautiful city in the world (art) and he
  needed smart workers for his bank(education).
• The love of art and education was a key feature
  of a time we call the Renaissance, which means
  rebirth.

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The Medici Family

• Florence, Italy, was a trading town, and banking
  brought even more money to the economy.
• The greatest bankers in Florence were the Medici
  family.
• The head of the family hired artists to decorate
  his palace and architects to redo the buildings.
• Built libraries and collected books because he
  needed educated workers.
• During the time the Medici family held power,
  Florence became the center for Italian art,
  literature, and culture.

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Section 2 Chapter 11

• Describe how rediscovering learning and art from
  ancient Greece and Rome led to humanism, which
  combined intellectual learning and religious
  faith.
• Explain achievements made in literature, art,
  science, mathematics, and other fields by various
  people.

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The Italian Renaissance Sect. 2
7.8.1 7.8.5

• The Big Idea
• New ways of thinking created a rebirth of the
  arts and learning in Italy.
• Main Ideas
• During the Italian Renaissance, people found new
  ways to see the world.
• Italians writers contributed great works of
  literature.
• Italian art and artists were among the finest in
  the world.
• Science and education made advances during this
  time.

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Main Idea 1During the Italian Renaissance,
people found new ways to see the world.

• Scholars began to study humanities ,history,
  literature, public speaking, and art. This led to
  the thinking and learning known as humanism due
  to a new interest in ancient history.
• When the Turks conquered much of the Byzantine
  Empire, scholars fled to Europe and took great
  works of literature with them. Many of the works
  were thought to be ancient classical writings,
  works by Greek or Roman thinkers.
• Italian scholars wanted to revive subjects that
  the Greeks and Romans had studied.
• Other sources of inspiration were Roman ruins and
  fine classical statues.

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Main Idea 2Italian writers contributed great
works of literature.

• Writers such as Dante Alighieri and Niccolo
  Machiavelli contributed greatly to the
  Renaissance.
• Dantes major work was The Divine Comedy. Dante
  wrote it in Italian, which was the vernacular,
  the common language of the people.
• Described an imaginary journey through the
  afterlife
• Described many of the problems Dante saw in
  Italian society
• Machiavelli wrote The Prince. He was also a
  politician, and his book told leaders how to
  rule.
• Told politicians to focus on the here and now,
  not on theories

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Main Idea 3Italian art and artists were among
the finest in the world.

• Italian artists had the support of very wealthy
  families.
• New techniques, like perspective, made their work
  come alive.
• Perspective is a method of showing a
  three-dimensional scene on a flat surface so that
  it looks real.
• People in background are smaller
• Lines appear diagonal
• Use color to show distance
• Sandro Botticelli from Florence. He painted
  everything in fine detail.
• Titian, the finest artist of Venice, reflected
  his interest in the past by painting scenes from
  classical myths.
• Michelangelo was one of the great Italian
  artists. Painted portraits but also designed
  buildings, wrote poetry, and painted murals in
  the Vatican.
• Leonardo da Vinci was the true genius. He was a
  great painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, and
  engineer.

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Main Idea 4Science and education made advances
during this time.

• Many of the texts rediscovered in the 1300s dealt
  with science. For the first time in centuries,
  Europeans could read works by ancient scientists
  and make their own scientific advances.
• Mathematics was believed to be the key to
  unlocking the universe.
• Square roots and integers (- )
• Engineers and architects used math to design new
  buildings.
• Dome
• Astronomy was studied to learn more about the sun
  and stars.
• Learned that the Earth moves around the Sun
• Cartographynew maps for sailors

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The Spread of Renaissance Ideas
New subjects are studied because of this new
interest in all of these subjects.
Education and new ways of spreading information
would take the Renaissance far beyond Italy.
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Section 3 Chapter 11

• Means Describe how paper manufacturing and the
  printing press helped to spread information and
  ideas.
• Means Explain achievements made in literature,
• art, science, mathematics, and so forth by
  various people.

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The Renaissance Beyond Italy Sect. 3
7.8.4 7.8.5

• The Big Idea
• The Renaissance spread far beyond Italy and
  changed in the process.
• Main Ideas
• Paper, printing, and new universities led to the
  spread of new ideas.
• The ideas of the Northern Renaissance differed
  from those of the Italian Renaissance.
• Literature beyond Italy also thrived in the
  Renaissance.

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Main Idea 1Paper, printing and new universities
led to the spread of new ideas.

• The greatest method of communication was
  printing. The invention of the printing press
  meant that books could be made faster than ever
  before.
• Johann Gutenberg, a German, developed a printing
  press with movable type. The first printed book
  was a Bible. Books could be copied faster now.
  Increases literacy.
• Travelers spread the ideas of the Renaissance
• Students from around Europe traveled to Italy to
  study at the universities.
• New universities began to open in France,
  Germany, and the Netherlands.
• Women from noble families were often educated at
  home. They then married nobles from around
  Europe and spread the Renaissance ideas to their
  husbands lands.

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Main Idea 2The ideas of the Northern
Renaissance differed from those of the Italian
Renaissance.

• Unlike Italy, northern scholars focused on the
  history of Christianity. The resulting
  combination of humanist and religious ideas is
  called Christian humanism.
• Desiderius Erasmus wrote a book The Praise of
  Folly. He criticized the corrupt clergy and said
  that some rituals were meaningless and didnt
  show devotion to God and His teachings.

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Artists of the Northern Renaissance

• Northern artists painted in a realistic style and
  painted primarily scenes of daily life.
• Albrecht Dürer was an artist from Germany who was
  most famous for his prints.
• A print is a work of art reproduced from an
  original.
• He carved an image into a metal sheet or wooden
  block, covered it in ink, and pressed a sheet of
  paper down on it to transfer the image to the
  paper.
• Hans Holbein and Jan van Eyck were famous for
  their painting of portraits.
• Van Eyck worked in oil paints, a new invention.

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Main Idea 3Literature beyond Italy also thrived
in the Renaissance.

• Writers in other countries besides Italy also
  included Renaissance ideas. However, these
  writers wrote in their own languages.
• Miguel de Cervantes was a Spanish writer who
  wrote Don Quixote in his own language.(vernacular)
  
• William Shakespeare also wrote in his own
  language, English. He wrote plays and poetry and
  is considered the greatest writer in the English
  language.
• The works of both men have been translated into
  many languages and read all over the world.

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