Abu Nasr Al-Farabi (870-950) appears on the 1 Tenge note from Kazakhstan. A scholar in many areas, including philosophy, linguistics, logic, and music. He also wrote about the nature of science and argued for the existence of the vacuum (empty space). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Abu Nasr Al-Farabi (870-950) appears on the 1 Tenge note from Kazakhstan. A scholar in many areas, including philosophy, linguistics, logic, and music. He also wrote about the nature of science and argued for the existence of the vacuum (empty space).

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Title: Abu Nasr Al-Farabi (870-950) appears on the 1 Tenge note from Kazakhstan. A scholar in many areas, including philosophy, linguistics, logic, and music. He also wrote about the nature of science and argued for the existence of the vacuum (empty space).


1
Abu Nasr Al-Farabi (870-950) appears on the 1
Tenge note from Kazakhstan. A scholar in many
areas, including philosophy, linguistics, logic,
and music. He also wrote about the nature of
science and argued for the existence of the
vacuum (empty space).
2
Kristian Birkeland(1867-1917) appears on the
Norwegian 200 Kroner note. Birkeland was a
pioneer in studying the magnetic field of the
earth and the aurora borealis. He made the
suggestion that the aurora were caused by charges
emitted by the sun being guided into the earth's
atmosphere by the earth's magnetic field. An
apparatus of his simulating this effect is shown
on the bill at the left.
3
Niels Bohr (1885-1962) appears on the Danish 500 Kroner note. Bohr was one of the main architects of the quantum theory, the basis of our understanding of the properties of matter. He created the first quantized model of the atom (the Bohr model) and played a major role in developing the modern interpretation of the quantum theory.
4
Ruggero Boscovich (1711-1787) appeared on a
series of Croatian notes. (The 25 Dinar is shown
here.) Boscovich made contributions to the theory
of orbital mechanics and was one of the first to
speculate about the forces between atoms
5
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) appeared on the
Polish 1000 Zloty note. He was the first modern
scientist to propose a model of the solar system
in which the sun was at the center, circled by
the planets moving in orbits, but not supported
by any invisible crystal spheres. He surpressed
publication of his work until after his death. To
read a brief biography and to link to further
sites about Copernicus
6
Marie and Pierre Curie (Marie 1867-1934, Pierre
1859-1906) appear on the French 500 franc note.
(45 K) They led the discovery and classification
of radioactive elements and shared the 1903 Nobel
prize for that work. Marie Curie won a second
Nobel in 1911 for her work on radium. Their
daughter, Irene Joliot-Curie also won a Nobel
prize! Marie Curie also appeared on a Polish
20,000 Zloty note
7
Democritus (about 460 BC - 370 BC) appears on an
old 100 drachma note from Greece. He was one of
the earliest of the ancient philosophers to
describe matter as made up of small indivisible
particles (atoms) moving in empty space
8
Albert Einstein (1879-1955) appeared on the
Israeli 5 pound note. The greatest physicist of
the twentieth century, Einstein not only invented
the theories of special relativity (behavior of
rapidly moving object) and general relativity
(theory of gravitation), but made fundamental
contributions to the beginnings of quantum
theory.
9
Leonhard Euler (1707-1783), the Swiss
mathematical physicist appears on the Swiss 10
franc note. (65 K) He made numerous contributions
to mathematical physics including the theory of
fluid flow (used in studying how to make
airplanes fly) and the theory of rotations of
rigid bodies (used in controlling satellites)
10
Michael Faraday appears on the British 20 pound
note. Faraday was one of the primary discoverers
of the properties of electricity and magnetism
and their relationship. This work made possible
the construction of electric motors and dynamos
11
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was a pioneer in
the field of electricity. He first proposed the
conservation of electric charge. He appears on
the American 100 dollar bill
12
Galileo Gallilei appeared on the Italian 2000
Lire note. In some sense, he was the first modern
scientist. He made critical discoveries of how to
think about moving bodies
13
Carl Frederich Gauss appears on the German 10
mark note. In addition to his many contributions
to mathematics, Gauss made important discoveries
in the theories of electromagnetism.
14
Christian Huygens (1629-1695) appears on an
out-of-date 25 guilder note from the Netherlands.
Huygens was a contemporary of Newton's who made
many important discoveries and inventions. As a
result of improvements that he made to the
telescope, he was the first to realize that
Saturn had rings. (Galileo thought it was a
"triple planet".) He made the first pendulum
closk, which substantially improved the accuracy
of the measurement of time. His description of
how waves propagate form the basis of modern wave
theories
15
Lord Kelvin (William Thompson) appears on the
Scottish 100 pound note. He made contributions to
thermodynamics and electricity including
proposing an absolute zero of temperature and
participating in laying the first trans-oceanic
cable.
16
Guglielmo Marconi, the developer of the first
successful radio, appears on the Italian 2000
Lirenote
17
Isaac Newton appeared on the British one pound
note. Newton was probably the greatest physicist
in history. His work established fundamental
elements of the scientific style of inquiry. He
made major discoveries in the theory of motion,
our understanding of the nature of light,
gravitation, and the properties of matter
18
Hans Christian Ørsted (1777-1851) appeared on the
Danish 100 kroner note. He discovered in 1820
that an electric current will deflect a magnetic
compass needle. This marked the beginning of the
unification of electric and magnetic phenomena
19
Olaf Rømer(1644-1710) appeared on the Danish 50
kroner note. He was the first to establish that
the speed of light was not infinite. He used the
anomalies in the occultation of Jupiter's moons
to get an estimate of the speed
20
Ernest Rutherford(1871-1937) appears on the New
Zealand 100 dollar note. Rutherford and his
students performed and interpreted experiments
that led to the understanding of atomic structure
-- that most of the mass of the atom is contained
in a very small bit in the center (the nucleus)
and that the size of the atom is determined by
very light particles -- the electrons
21
Erwin Schroedinger appears on the Austrian 1000
Schilling note. Schroedinger was one of the
primary developers of the quantum theory, the
theory that explains the properties of matter as
arising from the properties of its constituent
parts -- electrons and nuclei. The success of
this theory has made possible the development of
modern electronics, including transistors and
lasers.
22
Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) was born in Croatia and
immigrated to America. He contributed to the
development of electrical technology. Here he is
displayed on black and white scan of a 10 Billion
Dinar note from the period of the great inflation
just before the breakup of Yugoslavia. (The
Europeans call it 10 Milliard. In any language
that's 1010! A good reason for using scientific
notation.
23
Allesandro Volta (1745-1827) constructed the
first chemical battery. He appears on the Italian
10,000 Lire note
24
physicists on stamps
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