Title: ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?' ???"? http://www.eng.tau.ac.il/~mira/senseses2008 Cochlear Implant Auditory Evoked Response Binaural Hearing
1???? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?'
???"?http//www.eng.tau.ac.il/mira/senseses2008
Cochlear ImplantAuditory Evoked
ResponseBinaural Hearing
2Cochlear Implant
31. Sound Processor
- captures sound from the environment
- processes sound into digital information
- transmits to the implant over a transmitting
antenna, or headpiece, held in place by magnets
in both the headpiece and implant
2. Implant
- converts digital information into electrical
signals - sends signals down tiny wires to the electrode
array in the inner ear
3. Electrode Array
- delivers electrical signals through tiny
contacts, or electrodes, to the hearing nerve - the hearing nerve carries the sound information
to the brain, where it is heard
4(No Transcript)
5Auditory Pathway
6Electrophysiology of the Human Auditory System
7????? ABR Auditory Brainstem Responses
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8????? BERA ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????
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?? I ?????? ??? VIII ?? II ????? ???????? ??
III Super Olive Complex . ?? IV lateral SOC ??
V Lateral leminiscus ?? VI ?????
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9??????? ??????? ?? ????? ABR?
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????? ?? ????? ??????????. ???? ????? ?? ????????
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10Binaural hearing
Localization judgment of the direction and
distance of a
sound source
Lateralization the apparent location of the
sound source within
the head when headphones are used
11Binaural HearingInteraural Differences
- We will conduct an experiment to measure the
minimum ILD/ITD.
tRight , LRight
tLeft , LLeft
12Masking Level Difference
MLD0 dB
MLD15 dB
MLD0 dB
MLD9dB
13(No Transcript)
14The Pina
15Head Related Transfer Function
16Cone of confusion
???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????
???? ?? ???? ITD ????? ILD ??????? ???? ?? ????
?????? ?? ????? ????. ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????
?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???????
17Minimal Audible Angle - MAA
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????? ?????? ???
?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???
???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????. ?????
?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??
?????. ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????
?????? ?????? ?- ITD .
18LATERALIZATION
Perception
Stimulus
R
ILD
center
L
5
4
6
3
7
right
left
2
8
1
9
R
ITD
L
R
ITDILD0
L
19Normal Performance
Histograms number of times a subject reported
perceiving a position when ITD or ILD presented
20Abnormal Performance
21Patients Performance
22Brainstem MRI Scans
Axial
Coronal
Sagittal
23Lesion Detection
24Overlap of Auditory Pathway on MRI Scans
25Auditory Pathway and Brainstem Outline Overlapped
on fMRI Scans
26Schematic Representation of the Brainstem
Auditory Pathway
27Correlation between MRI and Lateralization
Normal Lateralization
28Correlation between MRI and Lateralization
Side-Oriented Lateralization
29Correlation between MRI and Lateralization
Center-Oriented Lateralization
30Correlation between MRI and Lateralization
31Experimental Summary and Conclusions
- Two types of abnormal lateralization performance
were found center-oriented and side-oriented. - Both types of abnormalities were found in
patients with either MS or Stroke - Center-oriented lateralization is correlated with
TB/SOC lesions - Side-oriented lateralization is correlated with
LL/IC lesions
32fMRI Study with Binaural Stimulation
33Monaural BinauralActivation in a Right
Sagittal Section
Left Ear Stimulation
Right Left Ears Stimulation
Right Ear Stimulation
34Monaural BinauralActivation in a Left Sagittal
Section
Left ear stimulation
Both ears stimulation
Right ear stimulation
35What Next?
- Evaluate Behavioral Performances of Normal
Subjects and Patients according to the
statistical properties of the auditory pathway - Find Correlation Between fMRI and Behavioral
Performances