Title: Energy for Development: the Benefits and Lessons of the EU Approach
1Energy for Development the Benefits and Lessons
of the EU Approach
- Yuriy Zaytsev
- University Higher School of Economics (Moscow)
2EU role in international engagement for
development
- DAC OECD members USD121.5 billion in 2008
- G7 members USD82.5 billion in 2008
- DAC EU countries USD70.9 billion in 2008
- EU ODA USD14.7 billion in 2008 (17 increase
from 2007).
3EU role in international engagement for
development concepts
- EU development assistance policy
- The Concept of soft power
- The Concept of multi-level governance
- USA development assistance policy
- National priorities explain geography and
sector-specific approach - Development assistance policy in Russia
- No legislation and institutional model
4EU role in international engagement for
development European Consensus on Development
(2005)
- focus on Millennium Development Goals to meet
such challenges as development, HIV/AIDS,
security, conflict prevention, forced migration
to bring about equitable globalization - integration of Europes democratic values into
development of the poorest countries - responsibility of developing countries for their
own development.
5Methodological framework of the study
- Functional approach
- domestic political management,
- deliberation,
- direction setting,
G8 collective action - decision-making
at global level - global governance development
- delivery
describes countrys -
own approach - 1 indicates full compliance with the stated
commitment, - 0 is awarded for partial compliance or work in
progress - -1 is reserved for those countries that fail to
comply
6Main sectors of energy assistance for development
- Ensuring developing countries access to modern
energy sources - Clean energy technologies development
- Ensuring efficiency in raw energy resources
management - Assistance in adaptation to climate change
7EU and other G8 members (the Russian Federation
and USA) average compliance with commitments on
energy for development
8EU and G8 countries (the Russian Federation and
USA) average compliance with commitment on energy
and related issues
9Ensuring developing countries access to modern
energy sources
- EU (competitions arranged and assessed by the
European Commission ) - EU Energy Initiative for Poverty Eradication and
Sustainable Development (EUEI) - New Partnership for Africas Development (NEPAD),
- Johannesburg Renewable Energy Coalition (JREC),
- Global Village Energy Partnership (GVEP),
- Global Network on Energy for Sustainable
Development (GNESD), - Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
Partnership (REEEP), - Global Forum on Energy for Sustainable
Development (GFSE). - ACP-EU Energy Facility,
- Africa-EU Energy Partnership.
- USA (national instruments)
- Afghanistan Clean Energy Program (ACEP)
- Russian Federation (G8 initiative)
- Global Village Energy Partnership (USD30 million
for 2007 2011)
10Clean energy technologies
- EU
- United National Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) - COOPENER (Intelligent Energy Europe programme)
(EUR17 million) - GEEREF (Global Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy Fund) (USD80 million) - Bilateral cooperation (Malaysia-EU business
cooperation, EUR600.000) - USA
- Bilateral cooperation (USA-China climate
partnership , USD60 million) - Russian Federation
- World Bank Investment Framework for clean energy
and sustainable development - bilateral and multilateral mechanisms
to tackle the problem of climate change at the
global level
11Clean energy technologies (2)
G8 summit commitments EU USA Russian Federation G8 Average Compliance with commitment on energy for development G8 average compliance
2005 Gleneagles summit commitment 1 1 1 1 0.65
2006 Saint-Petersburg summit commitment 1 1 1 0.89 0.47
2009 Aquila summit commitment 1 1 0 0.78 0.53
Average compliance 1 1 0.67 0.89 0.55
12Raw natural energy resources sustainable
management (1)
- EU (main areas of activity)
- support in decision-making at the international
level through participation in international
treaties, and programs of international
institutions - managing a wide range of international
development assistance instruments, which support
programs directed at environment protection and
natural resources management. - EU instruments
- Thematic Programme on Environment and sustainable
management of Natural Resources, including Energy
(ENRTP) - dialogue between EU and Caribbean Forum
(CARIFORUM) (USD2.25 million) - EU strategy for supporting disasters risk
reduction in developing countries - Russian Federation
- Bilateral forms of cooperation (China and Iran)
- EU is implementing the most coherent and
comprehensive actions in assisting developing
countries to manage their raw energy materials - Both traditional and emerging donors implement
programs in this area through bilateral forms of
engagement
13Raw natural energy resources sustainable
management (2)
G8 summit commitments EU USA Russian Federation G8 Average Compliance with commitment on energy for development G8 Average Compliance
2007 Heiligendamm summit commitment1 1 0 0 0.11 0.51
14Environment protection (1)
- EU
- the Principle of Common But Differentiated
Responsibilities (global level) - EU comprehensive strategy on integration of the
environment into the EC economic and development
cooperation (European level) - USA
- Climate Investment Funds (USD2 billion)
- Russian Federation
- participates in a wide range of international
discussions on climate change adaptation, but
does not mobilize substantial resources to help
developing countries adapt to climate change
15Environment protection (2)
G8 summit commitments EU USA Russian Federation G8 Average Compliance with commitment on energy for development G8 Average Compliance
2008 Hokkaido summit commitment1 0 1 0 0.56 0.48
16Conclusions and Recommendations (1)
- Most of the instruments applied by the EU in
assisting the poorest countries to develop most
of energy related areas are intersecting and even
overlapping - Linking interconnected projects is profitable
from the economic perspective - Blending different sources of grants can also
contribute to increasing the efficiency - Why not pooling different programs in related and
interconnected areas to develop larger
initiatives?
17Conclusions and Recommendations (2)
- EU experience in assisting the poorest countries
to develop energy is a high priority for Russian
Federation - Factors of the efficiency of EU policy in
development cooperation - A thorough identification of regional and
sectoral priorities - The division of labour in assisting the poorest
countries to develop energy sources - Establishing coherence of national policies of
partner countries with national development
assistance policy - A long-term planning of development assistance
resources
18