Title: GEOSYNTHETICS IN TEXTILES - a tool for civil engineering application
1GEOSYNTHETICS IN TEXTILES - a tool for civil
engineering application
- By
- Shraddha K. Akarte
- Monu W. Chandpurkar
- GOVT. POLY., NAGPUR
2WHAT ARE GEOSYNTHETICS ?
- Geosynthetics
- are defined as civil engineering materials
that are synthesized for use with geological
materials like soil, rock or any other
geotechnical engineering related material to
improve or modify the behavior of civil
engineering works.
3Families of Geosynthetics
- Geotextiles
- Geogrids
- Geomatrices
- Geomembrane
- Geosynthetic clay liner
- Geofoams
- Geocell
- Geocomposites
4GEO-TEXTILE
- Woven, non-woven or
- knitted, permeable sheets,
- usually, but not exclusively,
- non-biodegradable.
- Landscape fabrics used in the
- horticultural and soft-landscaping trades.
- Flexible, textile-like fabrics of controlled
permeability used to provide filtration, - separation or reinforcement in soil, rock
- and waste materials
5GEOGRIDS
- Tough, non-woven synthetic sheets with large
(100mm) rectanglar holes. - Used for ground stabilisation. Also known as
geo-nets. - Stiff or flexible polymer
- grid-like sheets with large apertures used
primarily as reinforcement of unstable soil
and waste masses
6GEO-MATRICES
- Geo-matrices can be thought of as 3-dimensional
geo-grids, in that they are cellular and used to
stabilise surface soil, gravels etc. - More commonly used as a form of Grass Paving
7GEO-MEMBRANE
- Impermeable and usually non-woven,
- use as a vapour or damp barrier.
- used as barriers for liquid or solid waste
containment
8GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS
- Prefabricated bentonite clay layers incorporated
between geotextiles and/or geomembranes used as a
barrier for liquid or solid waste containment - GCLs used as a composite component beneath a
geomembrane or by themselves in geo-environmental
and containment applications as well as in
transportation, geotechnical, hydraulic, and many
private development applications.
9GEOFOAMS
- A product created by a polymeric expansion
process resulting in a foam consisting of many
closed, but gas-filled, cells -
10Three-dimensional honeycombed cellular
structures that form a soil confinement system
when infilled with compacted soil.
GEOCELLS
11 GEO-COMPOSITES A sheet
that combines two or more layers of
geo-synthetics.
12Materials Used for GEOSYNTHETICS
- Polyester
- Polypropylene
- Polyethylene
- Polyamide
- Nylon
- Polyvinyl Chloride (plasticized or
non-plasticized)
13APPLICATIONS OF GEOSYNTHETICS
- 1. Separation
- 2. Reinforcement
- 3. Filtration
- 4. Drainage
- 5. Moisture barrier (when impregnated)
14 Separation
15REINFORCEMENT
16DRAINAGE
17CONTAINMENT Involves geomembranes, geosynthetic
clay liners, or some geocomposites which
function as liquidor gas barriers.
18TYPES OF GEOTEXTILES
- WOVEN
- An excellent tensile strength ,poor abrasion
resistance and dimensional stability. - Low coefficient of permeability
- Poor surface frictional characteristics.
- NON-WOVEN
- ability to elongate locally to resist damage,
- Better permeability and frictional resistance
- tensile strength is lower than woven fabrics.
- KNITTED
- rarely used as geotextiles.
19TYPES OF GEOTEXTILES
- MONOFILAMENT
- MULTIFILAMENT
- TAPE
-
- THERMO BONDED
- NEEDLE PUNCHED
- SPUN BONDED
20 woven monofilament calendered
woven monofilament
woven multifilament
woven slit film
nonwoven needle-punched nonwoven
heat-bonded
21APPLICATION OF GEOSYNTHETIC
- Hydropower construction
- Environmental engineering
- Railway construction
- Road construction
- At seaports and airports
- Mine construction
- In urban construction
22ADVANTAGES OF GEOSYNTHETICS
- The manufactured quality control of geosynthetics
in a controlled factory environment over outdoor
soil and rock construction. - The thinness of geosynthetics versus their
natural soil counterpart as light weight on the
subgrade, less airspace used, and avoidance of
quarried sand, gravel, and clay soil materials. - The ease of geosynthetic installation in
comparison to thick soil layers (sands, gravels,
or clays) requiring large earthmoving equipment.
23ADVANTAGES OF GEOSYNTHETICS
- Well advanced published standards in
standards-setting organizations like ISO, ASTM,
and GSI. - Design methods are currently available in that
many universities are teaching stand-alone
courses in geosynthetics or have integrated
geosynthetics in traditional geotechnical,
geoenvironmental, and hydraulic engineering
courses.
24PRESENT INVENTION TO GEOSYNTHETICS
-
- Rolled erosion control products have been
classified generally (and frequently imprecisely)
into several categories - Erosion control nets
- Open weave erosion control geotextiles
- Erosion control blankets
- Geosynthetic mats
25 Recently, the Erosion Control Technology
Council, which is an organization formed by
rolled erosion control products providers,
initiated more formal classification for these
sorts of products. The categories include -low
velocity degradable rolled erosion control
products ("LVDRECP's"), - high velocity
degradable RECP's ("HVDRECP's"), -long term
nondegradable RECP's ("LTNDRECP's").
26OBJECTS OF PRESENT INVENTION
- to provide low cost geosynthetic structures which
may be used for erosion control, turf
reinforcement, earth reinforcement and a broad
variety of other applications. - to provide geosynthetic structures which may be
economically manufactured such as on conventional
carpet tufting machinery, and whose properties in
all three dimensions may be varied by changing,
among other things, - to provide erosion control, turf reinforcement
and earth reinforcement structures which employ
and capitalize on the favorable properties of
geosynthetic
27WORLD MARKET FOR GEOSYNTHETICS
- World Geosynthetics to 2013
- Global demand for geosynthetics is projected to
increase 5.3 percent annually through 2013. - China will account for the largest share of new
global demand as it continues to develop
large-scale infrastructure and erosion control
projects. - North America will remain the second largest
regional market. Geogrids will achieve the
fastest gains.
28CONCLUSION
- It is expected that the use of geosynthetics will
become increasingly routine, and that
geosynthetics will be the standard material of
choice for several applications. - Use of geosynthetics in pavement structures (to
perform the functions of separation,
filtration,drainage, and reinforcement) should
increase significantly in the new millennium as
the benefits of these materials are quantified. - In addition, the versatility and usage of
geosynthetics will be enhanced with the
development and adoption of in situ and rapid
soil testing procedures.
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31 THANK YOU