LAST LECTURE WE TALKED ABOUT

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LAST LECTURE WE TALKED ABOUT DIETARY VITAMINS
IN SPORTS TODAY WE WILL TALK ABOUT MINERALS
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Lecture 13 MINERALS
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OUTLINE OF LECTURE 13 MINERALS OVERALL-SOME
GENERAL COMMENTS MAJOR MINERALS -
ELECTROLYTES AND NON-ELECTROLYTES
-SOURCES AND

FUNCTIONS
-IDATME MINOR MINERALS-SOURCES AND
FUNCTIONS
-IDATME
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OUTLINE OF LECTURE 13 MINERALS-DEFICIENCIES AND
TOXICITIES MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS MINERALS AS
ANTIOXIDANTS
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MINERALS-SOME GENERAL COMMENTS   SINGLE
ATOMS   CAN BE CHARGED OR UNCHARGED IN THE
BODY   MAJOR -ARE FOUND IN THE BODY IN EXCESS
OF 5 GRAMS -ELECTROLYTES AND
MINERALS   MINOR- ARE FOUND IN THE BODY IN
AMOUNTS OF LESS THAN 5 GRAMS  
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MINERALS- GENERAL COMMENTS CONTINUED MOST
ESSENTIAL- WE CANNOT MAKE THEM -SOME DEFICIENCIES
HAVE NOT BEEN ESTABLISHED FOR SOME MINOR
MINERALS MAKING IT UNCLEAR WHETHER THEY ARE
NEEDED IN THE DIET
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WHAT ARE THE MAJOR MINERALS ? ELECTROLYTES IN
PART RESPONSIBLE FOR FLUID BALANCE IN
BODY   SODIUM, POTASSIUM AND CHLORIDE     MAJOR
MINERALS   CALCIUM, PHOSPHOROUS, MAGNESIUM AND
SULPHUR
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SODIUM   FUNCTION-fluid and electrolyte balance,
pH control, muscle function, nerve impulse
transmission SOURCES-processed foods  
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POTASSIUM   FUNCTION-fluid and electrolyte
balance, pH control, muscle function, nerve
impulse transmission SOURCES-fruits,
vegetables, whole grains  
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CHLORIDE   FUNCTION-fluid and electrolyte
balance, part of stomach acid     SOURCES-same as
sodium  
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CALCIUM   FUNCTION-bone and teeth formation,
blood clotting, nerve transmission, muscle
function, blood pressure   SOURCES dairy,
fortified orange juice, green leafy vegetables,
small fish with bones  
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PHOSPHOROUS   FUNCTION-bone and teeth formation,
pH control, regulation of coenzyme function
SOURCES-all animal products, bread and ready to
eat cereal
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MAGNESIUM   FUNCTION- bone formation, nerve
transmission, protein and carbohydrate
metabolism (enzyme activity) SOURCES-green
leafy vegetables, nuts, whole grains, seafood,
chocolate  
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SULPHUR   FUNCTION-protein structure, component
of biotin, thiamin and insulin SOURCES-all
protein foods
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MAJOR MINERALS-IDATME INGESTION- ORAL, TUBE,
INTRAVENOUS DIGESTION NOT BROKEN
DOWN   ABSORPTION-ACTIVE TRANSPORT   TRANSPORT-F
REE OR BOUND FREE- EXAMPLES SODIUM AND
ALL OTHER MAJOR MINERALS (EXCEPT
SULPHUR) BOUND - SODIUM CHLORIDE
-POTASSIUM CHLORIDE -SULPHUR-INSULIN
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MAJOR MINERALS-IDATME   METABOLISM- ALL
READY IN CORRECT
FORM-MINERALS IN
MINERALS
OUT EXCRETION- SWEAT, URINE, FAECES
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AND NOW ONTO MINOR MINERALS  
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IRON   FUNCTIONS- OXYGEN TRANSPORT- BLOOD AND
MUSCLE   SOURCES-RED MEATS, TOFU, BREAD  
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ZINC   FUNCTIONS-TISSUE GROWTH AND WOUND HEALING,
PART OF MANY ENZYMES IN ENERGY AND NUCLEIC ACID
METABOLISM IMMUNE FUNCTION, VITAMIN A TRANSPORT,
INSULIN FUNCTION   SOURCES-MEAT, FISH, POULTRY,
BEANS  
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IODINE FUNCTIONS-PART OF THYROID HORMONES THAT
REGULATE GROWTH DEVELOPMENT AND METABOLIC
RATE   SOURCES-SEAFOOD, IODIZED SALT, BREAD  
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  SELENIUM FUNCTIONS-ANTIOXIDANT   SOURCES-SEAFOO
D, LIVER, GRAINS FROM SELENIUM RICH SOIL  
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COPPER FUNCTIONS-HEMOGLOBIN FORMATION, PART OF
SEVERAL ENZYMES, USED IN ENERGY
METABOLISM   SOURCES-ORGAN MEATS, SEAFOOD, NUTS  
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MANGANESE   FUNCTIONS-PART OF ENZYMES IN FAT
SYNTHESIS, GROWTH, AND BLOOD CLOTTING   SOURCES
-WIDELY DISTRIBUTED IN FOODS  
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FLUORIDE FUNCTIONS-TOOTH ENAMEL MAINTENANCE,
RESISTANCE TO DENTAL DECAY,BONE FORMATION AND
INTEGRITY SOURCES-FLUORIDATED WATER(NATURAL OR
OTHERWISE, TEA)    
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CHROMIUM   FUNCTIONS-CO-FACTOR FOR
INSULIN   SOURCES-MEAT, WHOLE GRAIN,
NUTS,CHEESE  
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MOLYBDENUM   FUNCTIONS-COMPONENT OF MANY ENZYMES-
WORKS WITH RIBOFLAVIN TO INCORPORATE IRON INTO
HEMOGLOBIN   SOURCES MILK, LEGUMES, BREAD,
GRAINS  
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MINOR MINERALS-IDATME INGESTION- ORAL, TUBE,
INTRAVENOUS DIGESTION NOT BROKEN
DOWN   ABSORPTION-ACTIVE, FACILITATED AND
OCCASIONALLY SIMPLE TRANSPORT-FREE RARE-
E.G. IODINE -BOUND- VERY
COMMON- MOSTLY PROTEIN E.G. IODINE, IRON
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MINOR VITAMINS   METABOLISM- TO CORRECT
FORM AS REQUIRED EXCRETION- SWEAT, URINE,
FAECES
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MINERAL TOXICITIES AND DEFICIENCIES NOT LIKELY
IF ONE IS FOLLOWING A PROPER TRAINING
DIET PROPER TRAINING DIET GIVES SUFFICIENT
MINERALS MINERALS AND THE MACRONUTRIENTS THEY
METABOLISE OR PROTECT FREQUENTLY COME IN A
PACKAGE
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MINERAL TOXICITIES AND DEFICIENCIES DEFICIENCY-
LOSS OF FUNCTION TOXICITY METABOLIC INTERFERENCE
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THUS THERE IS AN INTEGRATION OF SOURCE, FUNCTION,
DEFICIENCY AND TOXICITY REMEMBER THAT SOURCE
CAN INCLUDE SUPPLEMENTS INCLUDING PILLS
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MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS- WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY-
NEED MORE MINERALS? EAT MORE FOOD
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MORE CARBS, PROTEINS AND LIPIDS IN THE DIET MORE
MINERALS IN THE DIET CONTAINING THE CARBS,
PROTEINS AND LIPIDS TO ASSIST WITH THE METABOLISM
OF THE CARBS, PROTEINS AND LIPIDS. EVERYTHING IS
INTEGRATED IT IS A PACKAGE DEAL!!
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MINERALS AS ANTIOXIDANTS COPPER
ZINC SELENIUM
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VITAMIN TOXICITIES AND DEFICIENCIES SLIDE ON
INCREASING VITAMINS WITH INCREASED CALORIES
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NOTE THE COOPERATION BETWEEN MINERALS
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SUMMARY OF LECTURE 13 MINERALS OVERALL-SOME
GENERAL COMMENTS MAJOR MINERALS -
ELECTROLYTES AND NON-ELECTROLYTES
-SOURCES AND

FUNCTIONS
-IDATME MINOR MINERALS-SOURCES AND
FUNCTIONS
-IDATME
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SUMMARY OF LECTURE 13 MINERALS-DEFICIENCIES AND
TOXICITIES MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS MINERALS AS
ANTIOXIDANTS
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NEXT LECTURE DIETARY MINERALS IN SPORTS