Small Aircraft Manufacturers Association

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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop 8-10 August 2006

SAMA
Small Aircraft Manufacturers Association

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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop

• Tenny Lindholm
• Al Yates
• And a lot of others!
• 8-10 August 2006

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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August 2006

• Welcome and thanks!
• Introduction to UCAR, NCAR and RAL
• Workshop materials
• Details
• Emergency and safety
• Facilities
• Security--valuables
• Wireless and Internet access
• Library, 2nd floorInternet and limited copying
  available
• Food and refreshments
• Presentation materials for preload

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Define Weather in the Cockpit

• a system combining and presenting various types
  of weather information obtained through multiple
  data-link sources, on-board remote sensors, and
  in-situ sensors to aid crews with effective
  flight management

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Aviation Weather Information System
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Goals and Objectives

• Gain consensus within and between the user,
  research, and regulatory communities on
• Weather related problems with aircraft
• Weather information in the cockpit that is needed
  to address these problems
• How best to get advanced weather products into
  the cockpit/flight deck
• Develop a roadmap of tasks, dates, needed to
  ensure continued operational approval of weather
  products
• Plan for future forums as needed

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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August
2006Program

• Today
• Setting the stageuser perspectives and safety
• JPDO, NGATS, WxIPTa primer
• FAA Cockpit Weather Visionhow it fits
• Advanced aviation weather products
• Industry products and issues
• Displays and demonstrations/reception

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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August
2006Program

• Tomorrow
• ADS-B
• Approval of aviation weather products via
  operational suitability testing
• International interoperability of data link
• User breakouts by classlow-end GA, high-end
  unscheduled, high-end scheduled
• Groups report to plenary

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Weather in the Cockpit Workshop8-10 August
2006Program

• Thursdaywrap-up and catch-up
• Identify holes in needs and capabilities
• Roadmap
• Plan for the future

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Capacity, Efficiency, Safety

• Capt Joe Burns, United Airlines. Director, Flight
  Standards and Technology
• Capt Terry McVenes, ALPA. Executive Air Safety
  Chairman
• Mr. Bruce Landsberg. Executive Director, AOPA Air
  Safety Foundation

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JPDO, WxIPT, and NGATSa primer

• JPDO, NGATS
• WxIPT Integration Subteam 2012 IOC capabilities
• Weather in the cockpit
• Ceiling and visibility integration into terminal
  ATM
• Weather information sharing with airline AOCs,
  shared situational awareness
• Lead into the next sessionwhat is the driving
  force?

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JPDO, WxIPT, and NGATSa primer

• Dr. Bruce Carmichael, Director of Aviation
  Application Programs, NCAR-RAL
• Mr. Ernie Dash, Raytheon

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FAAs Vision for Weather in the Cockpit

• Mr. Steve VanTrees, FAA. Manager, Avionics
  Systems Branch, Aircraft Certification

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Weather Technology and Products

• ADDS. Mr. Greg Thompson
• Turbulence diagnoses and forecasts. Dr. Bob
  Sharman
• Consolidated summer/winter storm forecasts. Dr.
  Roy Rasmussen
• Current and forecast icing. Dr. Marcia Politovich
• Ceiling and visibility. Dr. Paul Herzegh
• Oceanic weather, volcanic ash. Cathy Kessinger
• CIP/FIP user forum remarks. Debi Bacon

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Weather in the Cockpita sampler

• Dr. Laurence Vigeant-Langlois, WSI
• Capt Bob Smith, Boeing
• Kathleen Kearns, SITA
• Mick Goslin, WxWorx
• Capt Joe Burns, United Airlines
• Steve Young, NASA Langley
• Kevin Kronfeld, Rockwell-Collins

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ADS-B Program

• Mr. Rob Strain, MITRE Corporation, Center for
  Advanced Aviation System Development (CAASD)

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Approving Advanced Aviation Weather Products

• Mr. Robert Ruiz, FAA Flight Standards, Flight
  Technology Requirements Branch

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Interoperability InitiativesUS and Europe

• Mr. Ernie Dash, Raytheon. RTCA Special Committee
  206/ EUROCAE

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Breakout Session

• Low-end general aviation, helicoptersParts
  91/135
• High-end unscheduledParts 91/135, DoD, NBAA
• High-end scheduledParts 121/135

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Breakout Session

• Issues
• Operational problems with weather
• Weather information needed in the cockpit
• Obstacles
• Gaps in the current way of operatinginformational
  and procedural
• Suggested interventions to resolving obstacles
  and gaps
• Facilitator and scribe for each session
• Laptop and powerpoint are needed rooms have
  projectors
• Presentation of results to the plenary later

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Outcome from BreakoutsHazards Turbulence,
Icing, C/V, Storms (winter/conv), Oceanic/VA
Decisions-problem ID Weather information needed Update rate Spatial Obstacles Other Comments
Wx re-routes (gt100 miles, 4000 altitude change, ETAgt15 minutes) Current FL Convective WX with 60 min now-cast, winds, turbulence, volcanic ash, cloud tops, (Same info as dispatcher) Most recent information at decision pt, ie 5 min NEXRAD Regional picture, terrain data, TFRs, other restricted airspace Training, band width, ops approval, cockpit workload, consistent user interface (conventions, nomenclature, displays), common triad data base Location, Altitude, Movement, Intensity, Size, Predicted location
Route deviations Current FL Convective WX with 60 min now-cast, winds, turbulence, cloud tops, or other data necessary Most recent info at decision pt, ie 5 mins NEXRAD Variable, as required Training, band width, ops approval, cockpit workload, consistent user interface (conventions, nomenclature, displays) Example turbulence avoidance and/or mitigation. Data is a subset of requirements for re-route
All decisions and/or problems Ground products versus In-flight products for decision displays. Bandwidth constraints, request/reply vs. broadcast Need confidence rating or quality rating of information. Certification needs to balance incremental safety improvements with hazard levels
Turbulence mitigation Location, Altitude, Movement, Intensity, Size, Predicted location 1 minute warning minimum (5 minute forecast update rate) Flight plan Route 100 miles either side of track, and altitudes 4000 ft above and below How to fuse observed versus forecast data
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Outcome from BreakoutsHazards Turbulence,
Icing, C/V, Storms (winter/conv), Oceanic/VA
Decisions-problem ID Weather information needed Update rate Spatial Obstacles Other Comments
Immediate Hazard avoidance and mitigation Microburst windshear info Gust front Hail severe icing Severe Turbulence Immediate Appropriately sized miss bubble Detection capability reaction capability effective plan
Takeoff Go-No go Decisions and Approach go-no go decisions Terminal WX, and other hazardous phenomena approaching operational limits for suspension of service like icing, visibility, microbursts. Immediately, under event condidions Terminal departure areas Detect, disseminate Adding to the decision making toolbox to aid in making proactive decisions rather than reactive decisions (EFB type of product) Need to examine a class of data-link that allows the extension of ground sensors to provide immediate hazards warnings (forward field of view, and aural warning non-EFB)


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Breakout Rooms

• 3131
• 3150
• 2126

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Goals and Objectives

• Gain consensus within and between the user,
  research, and regulatory communities on
• Weather related problems with aircraft
• Weather information in the cockpit that is needed
  to address these problems
• How best to get advanced weather products into
  the cockpit/flight deck
• Develop a roadmap of tasks, dates, needed to
  ensure continued operational approval of weather
  products
• Plan for future forums as needed

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Implementation Issues

• Use of Airborne Data Sensors
• Development of Weather Products
• Training and Human Factors Considerations
• Integration of Weather Data from Multiple Sources
• Determine What Weather Information is Needed By
  Each Group of Decision Makers

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Other Issues

• When is a defined weather information product
  ready for unrestricted operational dissemination
  and use? How do the regulatory requirements
  interact with the use of advanced weather
  products
• What is needed for a source of weather
  information to be approved for unrestricted
  operational use?
• Vendor-created weather products, both value-added
  and created using vendor software
• Is AWTT approval for the algorithm, or the
  implementation of that algorithm?
• What is needed beyond AWTT D4 (operational) to
  allow unrestricted use? Actions and/or timeline
• Process to obtain, verify, grids produce
  products uniformly from grids transmit to data
  link processor and aircraft parallel
  transmission to AOC, ATC
• Merge with ADS-B or other two-way link

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Roadmap Development

• Turbulence
• Icing
• Ceiling and visibility
• Terminal
• National
• Storms
• Winter
• Convective
• Oceanic/remote
• ADDS

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Readiness for 2012 IOC

• Events that have to happen
• Times needed for 2012 IOC
• Times needed for quick readiness for NGATS, 2025

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Enabling WICWIC Vision

• Design approval guidance
• Weather products, depiction hardware
• Weather product software
• Operational approval guidance for new products
  and non-government vendors
• Training and evaluation criteria
• FAA pilot outreach in data link weather

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Outcome from BreakoutsHazards Turbulence,
Icing, C/V, Storms (winter/conv), Oceanic/VA
Decisions-problem ID Weather information needed Update rate Spatial Obstacles Unrestricted operational




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RoadmapAdvanced Weather ProductsEvents/Dates to
complete/Priority/OPR
Turbulence T0-?
Icing T0-?
Ceiling/vis Ntl/term T0-?
Storms Winter/conv T0-?
Oceanic/VA T0-?
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Plans for the Future

• Recurring events to measure and document progress
• Workshops?
• Held in conjunction with other meetings?
• How often?
• Other participants?
• Other ideas?

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Acknowledgements

• Rhonda
• Rose and her team
• All of you
• Thanks!

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Possible Obstacles

• Aircraft equipage
• Access to grids or data
• Certification or approval of product grids
• Certification or approval of vendor or
  value-added features
• Information content standardization for SSA
• Bandwidth availability
• Other

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