????????? RIP, OSPF, EGP, BGP

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????????? ?????????????

• ?????????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????????????
• ????????? RIP, OSPF, EGP, BGP
• ?????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ?????????

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?????????? ??????
?????????????? ?????? ??? ????????????
????????, ??????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?
??????????????? ??????? ??? ????
C
B
F
G
D
K
H
A
E

• ? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????
  ?????? ?????????????
• ????????? ???? ??????? ????????????? (Net - Next
  Hop)
• ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????
  ??????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ? ????????
  ?????? ? ??????????????

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????????????-????????? ?????????Distance-Vector
Algorithms, DVA
C
B
F
G
A, 1E, 1 D, 2 C, 3 H, 2
D
D, 1
K
H, 1
G, 1
A, 1E, 1
A, 1E, 1
H
A
E
H, 1

1. 2. ??????? ??????? ?? ???????,
   ????????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ? ?????
   ???? ?????? ? ????????? ????? ??????????
   ???????????? ?? 1 (??? ??????? ?????? ?????)
   ???? ? ????? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????
   ??????? ??????????, ?? ?????????? ???? ?
   ??????????? ??????????????? ?????? ? ?????????
   ????? gt ??????? ?????????????

1. 3. ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????????
   ???????????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????
   ????????? ????????? ????

1. ?????? ????????????? ????????? ????
???????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??
????????? ??? ????? ?????????? (???????) ?
????? (????????????? ??????????????) ??? ?
???????? ????????, ??????????? ??????????
??????????? ??????? ?????
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????????? ????????? ??????Link State
Algorithms, LSA
C
M
B
N
L
G
F
R
D
P
T
K
S, U, upS, A, upS, E, up S, T, upS, L, up
S
U
H
A
E

1. 1. ?????????????? ????????????
   ??????????? ? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????
   ??????? ?????. ??????? ?????????????? ? ????
   (A, B, C, , S, T, U). ?????????? ?????????? ?
   ?????? ????? ????????? ?????.

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????????? ????????? ??????Link State
Algorithms, LSA
C
M
B
N
L
G
F
R
D
P
T
K
S, U, upS, A, upS, E, up S, T, upS, L, up
S
U
H
A
E

1. 2. ?????? ????????????? ????? ?????????
   ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??????????????
   ?????????? ?????? ????. ????? ????
   ??????????????? ?????????.
2. ????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????? ???
   ????????? ????????? ????? (up -gt down)
3. ????????????? ???????????? ????? - hello

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????????? ????????? ??????Link State
Algorithms, LSA
C
M
B
N
L
G
F
R
D
P
T
K
S, U, upS, A, upS, E, up S, T, upS, L, up
S
U
H
A
E

1. 3. ?????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ?????
   ?????? ???? ??????? ????????????? - ??????? ??
   ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????-
   ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???
   

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RIP-?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????????
?????? 30 ?????? (T??????.)
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??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ?? RIP
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M1
...
M2
????? ?????????!
t
30 ???
M3
????? ????????????? ????? (16/2-1) x 30 210 c
3,5 ???
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M1
Split horizon
...
M2
?
M4
M3
M4 ????? ? 1 ?? M3
????? ???????????? 4 ? 30 120 ???
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?????? ???? ? ???????????????? OSPF

• C???? ???? "????????????? - ?????????????"
• ???? - ?????
• ???? - ???
• ??? - ?????
• ????? - ????
• ???? -????
• C???? ???? "????????????? - ????"
• ???? - 201.106.14.0
• ????? - 201.106.15.0
• ???? - 195.46.17.0
• ???? - 195.46.17.0
• ??? - 195.46.17.0
• ????? - 129.35.0.0
• ???? - 197.13.58.0.

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??????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????

• ? OSPF ??? ????????? ?????
• 1) "????-???? - ??????? ?? ?????? ??????
• 2) "????????? ???? - ???????, ????????????
  ?????? ? ?????? ??????????????
• 3) "?????????? ???? - ???????, ???????????? ?
  ????? ??? ?????? ??????????????.
• ????????????? ??????????????? "?????? ? ??????"
  ?? ?????????? ????
• ???????? ???? N(N-1) ???
• ????????????? ? "??????????" ???????????????
• ???????? ???? 2N ???

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?) ????? ? ????????? ????? ? ?????????????
????????
RT4
RT3
N2
RT5
RT6
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?) ?????????? ? ?????? ??????????????
D)?????????? ? ?????? ????
??????? ? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ??????????????
?????? ????? 0
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G) ??????? ???????? ? ??????? RT6
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??????????, ???????????? ????????????
???????????????? ?? ??????? 1 ? ??????????
??????????, ??????????? RT3 ? RT4 ?? ?????????
??????????? ???????????????
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??????????, ???????????? ????????????
???????????????? RT3 ? RT4 ??????????
??????????????? ??????? 1
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?????????? ??????? ? ??????? ???????????????
out
in
serial 1
serial 0
?????? ?? ????????? (in) ??? ?? ??????????
(out) ??????, ??????????????? ????????????
?????????
???? ?????????? ??????????????? Cisco Systems 1.
??????????? ?????? ??????? access-list
access-list-number deny permit
source-address source-wildcard any
log interface serial 0 ip access-group 1
in ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????
?????? ??????? access-list 1 deny
192.78.46.0 0.0.255 access-list 1 deny host
193.24.15.8 access-list 1 permit any
access-list 1 deny any ??????? ???????? ?
????? ??????? ??????
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?????????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????????????? (????
???????)
out
in
serial 1
serial 0
?????? ?? ????????? (in) ??? ?? ??????????
(out) ??????, ??????????????? ????????????
?????????
???? ?????????? ??????????????? Cisco Systems 1.
??????????? (extended) ?????? ???????
access-list list number permitdeny
protocolprotocol key word source address
source-wildcard mask source port
destination address destination-wildcard mask
destination port log options ????????? ??
?????? 101 ?????? ? ??????? 192.78.46.8 ?? TCP,
???????? ????????? ?????? ?? IP? access-list
101 permit IP any host 192.78.46.8 access-list
101 deny TCP any host 192.78.46.8 ?????? ping
????? 192.78.46.8 access-list 101 deny ICMP any
host 192.78.46.8 eq 8
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?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????
in
serial 1
serial 0
?????????????? Cisco Systems

• ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????????????
  ??????????
• passive-interface serial 0
• ?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????
• distribute-list 2 out serial 1
• access-list 2 deny 194.12.34.0 0.0.0.255
• access-list 2 deny 132.7.0.0 0.0.255.255
• access-list 2 permit any
• ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????
• distribute-list 2 in serial 1
• ? ?? Unix gated ???????????? ???? ??????????
  ??????????

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????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????
ethernet 0
serial 0
interface serial 0 ip address 130.93.1.1
255.255.255.0 ! interface ethernet 0 ip
address 130.94.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! router ospf
9000 network 130.93.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0
redistribute rip metric 1 ! router rip network
130.94.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0 redistribute ospf
9000 metric 1
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?????????? ?????? ? BGP
150.10.30.1
150.10.30.2

1. ?????????? RTA-gtRTB AS100 NH150.10.30.1
   Net150.10.0.0 255.255.0.0
2. ?????????? RTB-gtRTC AS200, AS100 NH
   160.10.20.1 Net150.10.0.0 255.255.0.0
3. ?????????? RTCgtRTA AS300, AS200, AS100 NH
   150.10.20.2 Net150.10.0.0 255.255.0.0
   ???????????????, ??? ??? ? ???? ?????????? ?????
   ????? AS

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??????? ? ?????????? ????????????? BGP Exterior
BGP ????? AS Interior BGP ?????
???????????????? ????? AS
RTA router bgp 100 ( ????? AS) neighbor
129.213.1.1 remote-as 200 RTB router bgp
200 neighbor 129.213.1.2 remote-as 100 neighbor
175.220.1.2 remote-as 200
RTC router bgp 200 neighbor 175.220.212.1
remote-as 200
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?????????? ?????????? ? BGP
match as-path match community match clns match
interface match ip address match ip
next-hop match ip route-source match metric match
route-type match tag
RTC router bgp 300 neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as
100 neighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map STOPUPDATES
out route-map STOPUPDATES permit 10 match ip
address 1 access-list 1 deny 170.10.0.0
0.0.255.255 access-list 1 permit 0.0.0.0
255.255.255.255
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??????
1
A
B
1
??????? ????
1
1
C
10
D
???? ??????????
?????? ? ???? ? ???? ?????????? D direct, metric
1 B route via D, metric 2 C route via B, metric
3 A route via B, metric 3
87
1
A
B
????? B-D ?????????? ?????????????? ??
???????????? Split Horizon ??? ?????????? ? ????
??? ????????? ????????????? ???????????
1
1
1
C
10
D
???? ??????????
?????? ? ???? ? ???? ?????????? D dir, 1 dir, 1
B 16 C B, 3 A B, 3
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?????????? ?????? ? BGP
150.10.30.1
150.10.30.2

1. ?????????? RTA-gtRTB AS100 NH150.10.30.1
   Net150.10.0.0 255.255.0.0
2. ?????????? RTB-gtRTC AS200, AS100 NH
   160.10.20.1 Net150.10.0.0 255.255.0.0
3. ?????????? RTCgtRTA AS300, AS200, AS100 NH
   150.10.20.2 Net150.10.0.0 255.255.0.0
   ???????????????, ??? ??? ? ???? ?????????? ?????
   ????? AS

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??????? ? ?????????? ????????????? BGP Exterior
BGP ????? AS Interior BGP ?????
???????????????? ????? AS
RTA router bgp 100 ( ????? AS) neighbor
129.213.1.1 remote-as 200 RTB router bgp
200 neighbor 129.213.1.2 remote-as 100 neighbor
175.220.1.2 remote-as 200
RTC router bgp 200 neighbor 175.220.212.1
remote-as 200
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?????????? ?????????? ? BGP
match as-path match community match clns match
interface match ip address match ip
next-hop match ip route-source match metric match
route-type match tag
RTC router bgp 300 neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as
100 neighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map STOPUPDATES
out route-map STOPUPDATES permit 10 match ip
address 1 access-list 1 deny 170.10.0.0
0.0.255.255 access-list 1 permit 0.0.0.0
255.255.255.255