According to myth, Romulus and Remus founded Rome in 753 BCE.

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Romulus and Remus
According to myth, Romulus and Remus founded Rome
in 753 BCE.
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The city of Rome began as a group of small
villages located on seven hills on the Tiber
River. The villages grew until they became a
town and eventually this town grew into an
Empire.
Around 500 BCE, the Romans overthrew the Etruscan
king and established a Republic. Citizens were
allowed to vote and to choose the people who
would run the government.
To keep the Etruscans from regaining power, the
Romans begin to attack the surrounding Etruscan
cities or establish alliances with them.
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The Roman Empire from 500 BCE to 117 BCE
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Cities were crowded, dirty and Loud. Most
people lived in Apartments which were poorly
built and often collapsed. The wealthy lived in
large, comfortable houses To keep peace, the
government offered bread and circuses
Bread and circuses chariot races and Gladiator
events. Gladiators fought animals and each
other. Most were enslaved people, criminals, or
the poor. They were admired similar to sports
heroes today.
Roman Daily Life
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Roman Family Life
Wealthy families hired tutors for their children,
poor families didnt send their children to
school. Older boys studied reading, writing and
public speaking at schools while older girls
studied reading and writing and household skills
at home. Between 14-16 boys celebrated becoming
a man. He burnt his toys as offerings
Family was important Families were large
Included Parents, young children, married
children and their families, other relatives and
servants. The father was the head of the
household. The father punished children for
misbehavior and arranged marriages
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Women in Rome
Women with less freedom spent more time working
but could leave the house to shop, visit friends,
worship at temple, or go to the baths. They
could hold public jobs
Had some rights but were not full citizens. Had
strong influence on their families. Wives of
emperors often influenced political decisions
Women could own land, run a business, and sell
property. Managed the household, and servants.
They could attend the theater or amphitheater
but had to sit in areas separate from men.
A womans freedoms depended on the wealth of her
husband
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• Imagine you are from Ancient Rome, write a letter
  to a friend in Greece telling him or her about
  your life.
• what do you do on a daily basis,
• how is your life different from theirs?
• What is your family life like?
• THINK ABOUT THE THINGS WE DISCUSSED WITH THE
  ETRUSCANS, WHAT YOU SAW IN THE POWER POINTS WITH
  YOUR GROUP AND WHAT WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT
  TODAY!!!!!!

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Pantheon temple built to honor the Roman Gods
ARCHITECTURE
First to invent and use concrete.
Based greatly on the Greek style of art and
architecture
Colosseumarena
Used Greek columns and added their own features
such as arches and domes. Vaulted ceilings.
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based on Greek style.
Virgil took many of his ideas from Homer.
Roman historians recorded the events of their
civilizations, Livy wrote History of Rome.
Horace wrote Satirepoked fun at human weaknesses
and Odestold of strong emotions about life.
LITERATURE
Ovid wrote tales based on Greek myths.
Enjoyed plays which were based on tragedies and
comedies. The Roman language of Latin became the
language for European government, trade and
learning.
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Engineers built a massive system of roads and
bridges connecting the empires. This made travel
and trade more accessible. Built aqueducts to
bring water to the cities. They also developed a
sewer system
Gaylon a Greek doctor brought the study of
Anatomy to Rome
Ptolemy from Alexandria, Egypt studied the sky,
he mapped over 1,000 stars and studied the
movement of the planets and stars.
SCIENCE ENGINEERING
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How has Roman Architecture influenced our world
today? How has Roman Literature influenced our
world today? How has Roman Science and
Engineering influenced our world today? GIVE
EXAMPLES
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POLYTHEISTIC
Spirits lived in Natural things like trees and
rivers
Honored Gods with prayer and offerings
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Diana Goddess of the hunt
Venus Goddess of love
Mars God of War
Jupiter Chief God/God of the Sky
Juno Wife of the chief god
Roman Beliefs
Minerva Goddess of Wisdom
Pluto God of the underworld
Neptune God of the Sea
Mercury Messenger God
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Early Romans
Patricians
Plebeians
Both
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Triparite Government
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Checks and Balances
Rome United States
Both have checks balances to prevent one group
from getting too powerful.
Romes government didnt separate the powers like
the U.S. does.
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Consuls Replaced kings
2 were elected each term Served one year. Headed the Army Could veto each others decisions.
Peoples Assembly
Senate
Rich nobles
Common People
Controlled Government Proposed laws 300 Patrician men Served for life
Demanded laws be written and placed in public places Could veto laws
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The Great Plebeian Strike
471 B.C. Plebeians set up their own body of
representatives-The Council of Plebs Plebeians
won the right to veto government
decisions Plebeians and Patricians were allowed
to intermarry Plebeians were allowed to be
members of the Council
494 B.C. Plebeians went on strike and refused to
serve in the Army. Left the city to set up
their own republic Led to Plebeian success in
gaining power.
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The Power of Rome

• Rome became the most powerful state it gained
  all control of the Mediterranean World.
• Conquered cities became provinces of the Rome.
• As a Roman province, citizens were entitled
• Right to Vote
• Pay Taxes
• Be member of Roman Army
• Rome became extremely wealthy due to all the
  taxes being paid by citizens.
• The rich became richer and poor became poorer

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Roman Law
A major contribution to law systems around the
world. Romes first set of laws 12
Tables The 12 tables were the basis for all
future Roman laws. Established that all free
citizens had the right to be treated equally by
the legal system. Law of Nations stated
principals of Justice that applied to all people
everywhere.
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Roman Law Law of Nations
Innocent until Proven Guilty The right to defend
yourself in court Requires a judge to look at
all evidence carefully before making a decision.
This was also known as----Rule of law Rule of
law is the basis of OUR legal system today.
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Second Punic War (218 B.C.) Rome helped the
people living in Spain rebel against Carthage.
Carthage sent its greatest general Hannibal to
attack Rome, beginning the 2nd Punic war. Once
again Rome defeated Carthage and gained control
of Spain.
First Punic War (264B.C.) Rome
Carthage wanted Control of
Sicily Lasted 20 years Romans forced
Carthaginians From Sicily, and gained control.
Wars
Third Punic War After 50 years of peace Carthage
began rebuilding. Rome attacked and burned
Carthage and ruined its fields. The people of
Carthage were either killed or sold into slavery
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An End to the Republic

• Rome had become so large it depended on military
  rulers. In 46 BCE Julius Caesar came into power.
  
• Accomplishments of Julius Caesar
• Built new buildings
• Reduced taxes
• Protected the rights of plebeians
• Soldiers pledged loyalty to Caesar
• Patricians thought Julius Caesar had too
  much power and
  murdered him in 44 BCE.

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Pax Romana

• Octavian, known as Augustus, became emperor in 27
  BCE. This is the start of the Roman Empire. He
  established a 200 year period of peace known as
  the Pax Romana. He called himself Augustus which
  means great.
• Accomplishments of Augustus
• Maintained peace
• Restored order to army
• Established fair taxes
• Constructed new roads and buildings
• Encouraged art, science, and literature
• Established a standard currency
• Increased trade