TYPES OF METALS

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TYPES OF METALS
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
- Ferrous metals are those metals which contain
iron. They may have small amounts of other metals
or other elements added, to give the required
properties. All ferrous metals are magnetic and
give little resistance to corrosion.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Mild Steel
-It is the most commonly used ferrous metal. Its
major properties are Toughness, high tensile
strength and ductility. -The metal is low on
carbon content it can not be hardened and
tempered. -It must be case hardened. It is
normally used in manufacturing of girders,
plates, nuts and bolts and other general purposes.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Cast Iron
-Cast iron is another example of commonly used
ferrous metal. -It is hard, brittle, strong,
cheap, and self-lubricating ferrous metal. -It
is normally used in the manufacturing of heavy
crushing machinery. car cylinder blocks, vices,
machine tool parts, brake drums, machine handle
and gear wheels, plumbing fitments etc. -Its an
important ferrous metal in automotive pressing.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
High Tensile Steel
-It is very strong and very tough ferrous metal
and is exclusively used for manufacturing of
Gears, shafts, engine parts etc. -This is one of
the most frequently used ferrous metals in
industries because of its strength, hardness and
toughness.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Stainless Steel
-Its another very important ferrous metal. It
comprises of 18 chromium, and 8 nickel. -Its
special characteristic is its strong resistance
to corrosion. -Its common uses are Kitchen
draining boards, Pipes, cutlery and aircraft.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
Medium Carbon Steel
-As the name suggests, this ferrous metal
contains less Carbon contents, 0.30 to 0.70.
-It is stronger and harder than mild steels,
less ductile, tough and malleable. -It is used
in making metal ropes, wire, garden tools,
springs etc.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
High Speed Steel
-High speed steel is also a ferrous metal. It
contains medium carbon, tungsten, chromium and
vanadium. -It can be hardened, tempered and can
be brittle. Its special characteristic is that it
retains hardness at high temperatures.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Ferrous Metals
High Carbon Steel

• -a ferrous metal which contains of 0.70 to 1.40
  carbon.
• -The major characteristic is its hardness.
• It is the hardest of the carbon steels, but is
  less ductile, tough and malleable.
• It is used in making Chisels, hammers, drills,
  files, lathe tools, taps and dies.

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METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
-are those metals which does not contain iron .
-They are not magnetic and are usually more
resistant to corrosion than ferrous metals.
-Most commonly used non ferrous metals are
Aluminum, Copper, Brass, Lead, Tin, Gilding Metal
and Zinc.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Aluminum
-is a widely used non ferrous metal. It is
Grayish-White in color, soft and malleable.
-This non ferrous metal is conductive to heat
and electricity. It is corrosion resistant. -It
can be welded but this is difficult. -Special
processes need to be adopted in order to weld it
properly. -Due to its light weight, it is used
in the manufacturing of aircrafts and boats.
-Its other uses are window frames, saucepans,
packaging and insulation, pistons and cranks.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Copper
-is another very important pure non ferrous
metal. Its red in colour, tough and ductile. -It
is very good electrical conductor and offers
great resistance to corrosion. -Copper can work
hard or cold but it needs frequent annealing.
-Copper is mostly used in the manufacturing of
electric wires, cables and conductors. -Its
other uses are water and central heating pipes
and cylinders, Printed circuit boards and
manufacturing of special roofs.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Brass
-Another important non ferrous metal is Brass
which is not a pure metal but combination of
Copper and Zinc. -It contains 65 copper and 35
Zinc. This non ferrous metal is very corrosive,
yellow in colour, tarnishes very easily. -It is
harder than copper and its good electrical
conductor.
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METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Lead

• -is a pure and an important non ferrous metal. It
  is the heaviest common metal.
• The other characteristics are its softness,
  malleability and brightness.
• -It is shiny metal when new but quickly oxidizes
  to a dull grey. It has resistant to corrosion.
• Its uses are different than other non ferrous
  metals.
• -It is used in protection against X-Ray machine,
  Paints, roof coverings, flashings etc.

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METALS
Types Of Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Tin
-is a pure non ferrous metal. -It is white in
color, soft and corrosion resistant. - It is used
in Tinplate and making bronze.
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METALS
Other Types Of Metals
Base Metals

• -The metal that is to be worked.
• The principal metal of an alloy.
• Any metal that will oxidize when heated in air.
  The metal of parts to be welded.
• Metal to which cladding or plating is applied.
  Also known as basis metal.

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METALS
Other Types Of Metals
Noble Metals
- refers to those metals that are highly
resistant to chemical reaction or corrosion,
meaning that they will not easily dissolve in a
solvent or rust.