Islamic Studies Courses in De Anza, Chabot, Ohlone, and Mission Colleges Designed and Taught by Hafiz M. K . Siddiqi, Ph.D.

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Islamic Studies Courses in De Anza, Chabot,
Ohlone, and Mission CollegesDesigned and Taught
by Hafiz M. K . Siddiqi, Ph.D.

• Second Major Source of Islam
• Hadith or Sunnah
• The Tradition of Prophet
• Muhammad pbuh

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Hadith

• Hadith, literal meaning Communication, story,
  modern, recent, message, Quran, historical or
  worldly conversation, secret
• Use of the word Hadith in the Quran Allah (God)
  has revealed the most beautiful message in the
  form of a book. 39/23
• Then leave me alone with such as reject this
  Quran. 68/44

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And whenever you see people engaged in vain
discourse about our signs, turn away from them
until they begin a different conversation. 6/68

• Has the story of Moses reached you? 20/9
• When the Prophet confined a secret to one of his
  wives. 66/3
• The prophet pbuh has used the word Hadith in his
  sayings He said the best religious
  communication is the book of Allah (Bukhari)

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Prophet Muhammad said May God forgive a person
who hears from us a Hadith, then he memorizes it,
and conveys it to someone, for some recipient are
more attentive than the one who heard it. (Ahmad)

• Term meaning of Hadith Sayings, actions and
  approvals of Prophet Muhammad pbuh
• Sunnah, literal meaning established course of
  rule, mode of life, and line of conduct.

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Term meaning of Sunnah Model behavior of Prophet
Muhammad.

• Sunnah also means non-compulsory religious
  practice which Prophet himself performed
  regularly, and instructed his followers to
  perform, like Sunnah prayers.
• Prophets status 1. The expounder of the Holy
  Quran
• We have revealed unto you the message (Quran)
  that you may explain clearly to the humankind
  what is sent for them and that they may give
  thought. 16/44,
• He did explain in words and actions the verses of
  Quran.

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2. The Prophet as a Legislator

• He will make lawful for them all good things and
  prohibit for them all indecent things and will
  relieve them of their burden and fetters which
  they used to wear 7/157
• 3. A role Model for Muslims Verily, in the
  Messenger of Allah you have a beautiful model for
  anyone whose hope is in God and the Final Day and
  remembers God more frequently 33/21

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Three Essentials

• These three essentials combined in the person of
  Prophet Muhammad pbuh, lead to the inevitable
  conclusion that Muslims must follow him in every
  walk of their life. It is the case with all the
  prophets and messengers pbut, let us refer
  to4/64, 3/32, 3/132, 4/80, 4/59,65, 59/7

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The Methods of Teaching

• 1. Verbal A. Prophet Muhammad pbuh, repeated
  himself 3 times to make the understanding and
  memorization easy,
• B. He used to listen to what his companions
  had learned C. He provided for them training in
  the Quran and Sunnah
• D. He used to ask questions to discover the
  extent of their learning.

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Written Method

• 2. Written Method 1. He sent letters to
• A. Kings B. Rulers C. Leaders of tribes
• D. Muslim Governors 2. He gave dictation to
  his companions on A. Daily important topics B.
  Answers to various questions
• C. Fulfilling a particular request of written
  guidelines by a delegations head or member 3.
  His order to write his Friday sermon for Abu Shah
  Yamani or Malik son of Huwayrath.

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Teaching by Demonstration

• 1. He taught his companions A. How to perform
  Wudu (Ablution) Salah (Prayers) and other
  important devotional deeds by practical
  demonstration B. He taught them how to design a
  marriage, employment, and business cotract C. He
  taught them how to perform the pilgrimage. He
  used to say to them learn by observing him.

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The diffusion of the Sunnah

• Prophet Muhammad had taken measures to diffuse
  his Sunnah by 1. Establishing Islamic Centers,
  Schools, and training Centers for the teachers
  and preachers.
• 2. He used to say whenever he taught any
  thing Take from me to convey to others even if
  it is one (Little) thing. 3. He said in his
  Farewell pilgrimage those who are present
  should convey the message to those who are
  absent. (Bukhari).

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4. He reminded the delegations on their departure
to teach their people after returning home, as a
duty

• 5. He created incentives for teachers and
  students. He stated that learning and the pursuit
  of knowledge is obligatory on every Muslim (Ibn
  Majah). He had said He who conceals the
  knowledge is liable to go to hell (Ahmad) this
  fact is mentioned in the Quran in 2/159, 174.

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A. Rewards for the Students He said if anyone
pursues a path in search of knowledge, Allah will
thereby make easy for him a path to paradise, and
the angels spread their wings from the good
pleasure with one who seeks knowledge, and all
the inhabitants of the heaven and earth, even
fish in the depths of water ask forgiveness for
him (Ahmad)

• B. Rewards for the teachers He said When a
  person dies, his acts come to an end except for
  three things 1. Sadaqah Jariyah 2. Beneficial
  knowledge 3. Pious offspring.

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C. Threat of Punishment Those who refused to
educate themselves were told by the Quran Had
we but listened or used our intelligence, we
should not be among the companions of the blazing
fire. 67/10

• Prophet Muhammad pbuh said the people
• will only be rewarded for the actions they
  have performed with full use of intellectual
  understanding.

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How did the companions received the Sunnah?

• It was very warmly received by the companions of
  Prophet pbuh, it was practiced by them
  immediately. They had learned Hadith/Sunnah
  through all three following methods
  1.Memorization They used to listen to every word
  with utmost importance. They attended the
  teaching circles of Quran and Sunnah in shifts
  and turn by turn. They used to memorize in group.

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2. Learning through writing

• There were good number of companions who learned
  by writing the Hadith/Sunnah.
• 3. Practicing the Sunnah they practiced what
  ever they learned through 2 methods mentioned
  above memorization and writing.
• Islamic teachings are not merely for knowledge,
  but it has to be practiced. Ibn Umar learned
  Suratul Baqarah in 10 years.

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Official Patronage

• In the lifetime of Prophet pbuh, he founded
  training centers for Quran and Hadith in both
  Makkah and Madinah.
• The Caliphs especially first four made sure that
  there are enough schools, institutions and
  training centers everywhere in the Muslim world.
  They also appointed inspectors to visit them and
  report back to Caliph.

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Non-Official Patronage

• The companions of Prophet may be divided into two
  groups 1. Joined these Institutions as teachers
  2. Became source individuals ready to travel
  anywhere as and when required to teach short term
  courses or give lectures and seminars. As a
  result, Islam reached within 25 years of the
  death of Prophet to as far as Russia and
  Afghanistan.

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Famous Narrators of Hadith who used to spend
1/3rd of night in recording the Hadith

• Abu Huraira 1236,Ibn Umar 2630, Ibn Malik 2286,
  Ayesh 2210, Ibn Abbas1660,
• J. Ibn Abdullah 1540, A.S. Al-Khudary 1170, Ibn
  Masood 748, A.A. Ibn As 700, Umar Farooq 537,
  Ali Ibn Abi Talib 536,Ibn Azib 305

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Six Most Authentic Books

• 1. Bukhari
• 2. Muslim
• 3. Tirmidhi
• 4. Abu Dawud
• 5. Ibn Majah
• 6.NasaI
• Hadith Sanad/Isnad, Matn, Darajah

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Classification of Hadith

• Qudsi Gods message in Prophets words
• Mutawatir Continuously narrated by a large
  number of people
• Sahih Most authentic with perfect chain of
  Narrators reaching the Prophet
• Muttasil Re ported by successive narrators
• Daeef Weak due to defective Isnad

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Examination of Hadith

• There are basic rules, regulations and principles
  for scrutinizing the Hadith
• The following were rejected 1. Illogical
• 2. Contrary to Islamic principles
• 3. Contrary to the realities 4. Contrary to
  Quran 5. Contrary to Mutawatir Hadith
• 6. Contrary to consensus 7. like a fairy tale
• and many more.

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Sample Hadith and true stories

• Story of Huququl-Ibad
• Story of a youths question
• Story of 3 travelers
• Story of trial of three people and many more.

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