Rhetorical Strategies

1
Rhetorical Strategies

• Imagery, Symbolism and Atmosphere

2
Rhetorical Strategies

• Loose term for techniques that help to shape or
  enhance a literary work.

3
Some Rhetorical Strategies

• Diction
• Allusion
• Analogy
• Imagery
• Symbolism
• Atmosphere

• Repetition
• Selection of Order and Details
• Epiphany

4
Imagery, Symbolism, Atmosphere

• These strategies concern a conceptual pattern
  that influences the works tone.

5
Imagery

• Widely used term that has several distinctions
• Always concrete
• Narrow sense-reveals an image or picture through
  a visual description of an object or a scene
• Broad sense-all references to sensory perception
  that a work evokes, not only in the form of
  objects, actions, and scenes depicted in literal
  descriptions, but also in allusions and metaphors
  and similes. Includes all the senses.

6
Imagery in the narrow sense-creating an image

• Think back to Sinners in the Hands of an Angry
  God by Jonathan Edwards.
• What images did the writing evoke in you, the
  reader?

7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
Imagery in the broad sense-using many senses
allusion

• Lets read aloud The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe.
• Pay special attention to the imagery that affects
  the senses other than sight.

13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
Imagery in the broad sense-using metaphor or
simile

• Lets read paragraph 3 in Sinners in the Hands of
  an Angry God by Jonathan Edwards. Pay attention
  to this paragraph and the sentence that follows
  it.
• Pay special attention to the metaphor and simile.
  What images do you see? What is the effect?

17
Did you picture this?
18
(No Transcript)
19
Imagery in the broad sense-extended patterns of
imagery

• Extended patterns of imagery is when an image
  repeats itself many times in a text. It becomes
  a symbol and it forms a motif which in turn
  effects the atmosphere.
• It can also underscore the theme.

20
Think about Macbeth
21
Again Macbeth
22
Symbolism

• An object, action, or event that represents
  something, or creates a range of associations,
  beyond itself.
• Public symbols
• Literary symbols
• Leaves the subject open to a wide range of
  possible interpretations.

23
(No Transcript)
24
What about these roses?
25
What about these roses?
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
What do these crowns symbolize?
30
What about this picture?

• What book does this symbol appear in and what
  does it mean?

31
Atmosphere

• A term taken from meteorology, means the
  predominant mood or tone in all or part of a
  literary work.

32
Think of Macbeth Thunder and lightning. Enter
three witches.
33
The Fall of the House of Usher
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)
37
These slides deal with symbolism..what do you
think?
38
(No Transcript)
39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
What does a tree symbolize?
42
(No Transcript)
43
Fairy Tales

• In Cinderella, what images come to your mind?
  What is the mood when the story begins, when the
  clock strikes midnight? What is one symbol?
  Explain it.
• For the short story, The Necklace, find
  pictures or draw important images from the story.
  State the mood and how it changes at least once
  in the story. State the symbol.

44
Mill on the Floss wrongly interpreted