1. If Britain ruled 32 colonies by 1775 why did only 13 of those colonies rebelled?

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Chapter 5 Notes

• 1. If Britain ruled 32 colonies by 1775 why did
  only 13 of those colonies rebelled?

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Conquest by the Cradle

• 2.5 million in 13 colonies, half were blacks
• Britain, the motherland was shock by rapid
  population growth of colonies
• 1775 most populous were Virginia, Massachusetts,
  Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and Maryland
• 4 major cities Philadelphia, New York, Boston,
  and Charleston
• 90 lived in rural area
• 2. Why do you think there was such a population
  growth in the 1700s?

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A mingling of Races

• 1775(6) Germans fled to America due to
  religious persecution, economic oppression and
  war, settled in Pennsylvania where it was mostly
  Protestants, most Germans were Lutherans
• Scots-Irish(7) settled briefly in Pennsylvania
  but left to the great frontier since most good
  land already settled, hated British rule/power

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Continuation of Races

• Populations of 13 colonies mixed
• South 90 of population were slaves
• New England Puritans, least ethnic diversity
• Middle Colonies (Penn) diverse group of whites
  (British, German, Irish etc)
• Immigrant mixed and married which resulted in a
  new multicultural American national identity,
  different than England
• 3. How can interracial relationship be a major
  problem?

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Map of middle Colonies
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Chesapeake colonies
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Chesapeake Bay
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Continuation of Races

• Slaves were from different tribes of Africa, once
  in America they mix and married other tribes
• America land of opportunity and equality except
  for slaves and women
• White people could move rapidly up social ladder
  unlike England who were born into wealth

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Slave rebellion on Le Amistad
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Kidnapped Slaves
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Diverse group of Slaves
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The Structure of Colonial Society

• Eve of revolution society becoming more
  separated from rich to poor like England
• Merchant princes in New England and middle
  colonies profit from war with Natives
• War left widows and children who were forced to
  beg or ask for charity. Poor had to wear the
  letter P on clothes to signify they live on
  charity
• 4. Evaluate why you think people were force to
  wear P on their clothes? What is your opinion
  on this?

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Continuation of the Structure of Society

• South largest slave owners equate wealth. Not
  all white people rich because the had no money to
  buy slaves
• Pauper and Convicts sent to Americas(50
  thousand).
• South Carolina wanted to halt slave importation
  because they fear slave rebellion. Britain vetoed
  it because they were profiting from slave trade

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Clerics, Physicians, Jurist

• Honored profession Christian ministry
• Physicians lack respect due to lack of training
• Epidemic of small pox and diphtheria
• Lawyers looked upon as trouble makers

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Workday America

• Agriculture leading industry (90 of people)
• Tobacco main crop in Maryland Virginia
• Wheat in Chesapeake
• Grain in middle colonies
• Fishing in New England
• Commerce grew
• Lumbering

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Triangular trade

• Profitable to New England area.
• Example skipper takes rum to Africa to trade for
  slaves, then takes them back to West Indies to
  trade for molasses then takes that to New England
  to distill and make more rum

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New England Historic Map
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New England highlighted in Red
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Work day America

• Americans needed British goods more than British
  needing American goods.
• In an effort make money to buy British goods
  Americans sold to other countries to make a
  profit
• Eve of revolution Almost all of Chesapeake
  tobacco sold to France and other foreign nation
• Molasses Act restrict Americans from trading
  with French West Indies
• 5. Determine why you think Americans were more
  dependent on the British for manufactured goods.

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Horsepower and Sailpower

• Roads dangerous and unmade
• Taverns grew along main route of travel
• Intercolonial postal system established in
  mid1700s, slow and unsecure

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Dominant Denominations

• Anglican and Congregational churches big
• Anglicans in Georgia, N S Carolina, Virginia,
  Maryland and New York, not strict, short sermons
• Congregational grew from Puritan Church, New
  England colonies, supports gain from tax
• People worship if they want

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The Great Awakening

• Conflict between Calvinist( predestination) vs.
  Armininians ( followers of Jacobus Arminius) who
  preached individual free will not divine decree,
  determine a persons eternal fate
• Jonathon Edwards spearheaded Great Awakening
  which stress the folly of believing in salvation
  through good works and affirmed the need for
  mans dependence on Gods grace
• 7. Whose point of view do you agree with and why?

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Jonathon Edwards
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Great Awakening Continuation

• Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God famous
  Edwards sermon
• George Whitefield sermon focused on human
  helplessness and divine omnipotence. Spread of
  religious revivals, electrifying sermon
• Great Awakening significant because it was the
  first spontaneous mass movement of the American
  people for a common idea or belief

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George Whitefield
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Schools and College

• Education for rich not poor for leadership not
  citizenship
• Puritan New England wanted to educate people for
  religious reason stress bible reading, good
  Christians instead of good citizens. Education
  for boys
• Middle colonies established elementary schools,
  tax supported
• South relied on tutors

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Schools
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Schools continuation

• Colonial schools focused on religion, classical
  languages (Latin and Greek).
• Discouraged experiment and reason, but encouraged
  study of doctrine (a body of ideas, particularly
  in religion, taught to people as truthful or
  correct) and dogma(a belief or set of beliefs
  that a religion holds to be true)
• Students whipped
• College education preparing men for ministry
• Benjamin Franklin help establish the first
  American college free of denominational control
  University of Pennsylvania
• 8. Why would the colonial schools discourage
  students from doing experiments and using reason?

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University of Pennsylvania
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University of Pennsylvania
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A provincial Culture

• Art and culture in colonial Americans still
  undeveloped, copied from British ideas
• Architecture imported from old world
• Colonial literature, undistinquished except for
  Phyllis Wheatley (slave girl) who wrote poetry
• Benjamin Franklin (first civilized American)
  Poor Richards Almanack, book of advice on
  morality,life, helped shape American Character.

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Ben Franklin
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Ben Franklin Achievements

• First rank scientist, dangerous experiments (
  kite-flying episode proving lightning was a form
  of electricity
• Invented bifocal and stove
• Established in Philadelphia the first privately
  supported circulating library
• ( 4000 volumes).

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Pioneer Presses

• Americans too poor to buy books and too busy to
  read it
• 1776 fifty public libraries
• Printing press equals mass production of
  pamplets, leaflets, and journals.
• 1734-1735 legal case against Peter Zenger, a
  newspaper printer. Charged with seditious libel,
  taken to court for printing lies about
  government

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Peter Zenger continuation

• Andrew Hamilton, Philadelphia lawyer defended
  him. Zenger said he printed the truth not lies.
  His case symbolizes the freedom of the press,
  establish the doctrine that true statements about
  public officials could not be persecuted as
  libel. Newspaper were free to print responsible
  criticism of powerful officials
• 9. Should the press be allowed to print anything
  they want? Why or why not?

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Site where Peter Zenger was jailed
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The trial of John Peter Zenger
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The Great Game of Politics

• Formation of governors in colonies by 1775
• Colonies had a two-house legislative body upper
  house appointed by crown,
• Lower house elected by people (those who owned
  property)
• Self-taxation through representation valued
• 1775 America not yet a true democracy- socially,
  economically, or politically but headed that way,
  democratic seed planted American revolution
  looming
• 10. Determine why the colonist wanted their
  freedom. Focus on major reason and no you can not
  use the taxes as a reason for now.

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Colonial Folkways

• Food plentiful, but life not easy. Drafty homes,
  no running water in houses, plumbing, no
  bathtubs, candles still being used
• Entertainment consisted of militia drilling,
  funerals and wedding activities, horse racing,
  fox hunting, square dancing etc
• Diverse group of people lived life the way they
  want, not the way the motherland wanted them to.
  People in new land starting to connect through
  shared history, culture, and geography which set
  the stage for the colonists struggle to unite as
  independent people American revolution

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Popular Colonial Games

• Popular Colonial Games Toys
• Which Do You Know? Yo-Yo PuzzlesHoopsKite
  FlyingJump RopeLondon BridgeTennisSpinning
  Tops HopscotchJacob's Ladder Leap FrogBow
  ArrowBlind Man's BluffSee SawBubble-BlowingMarb
  lesRocking HorsesSwinging CardsIce
  slidingJack Straws(or pick-up sticks) In the
  colonial period, these games helped children
  learn skills that they would need later in life
  as farmers and parents. Games taught children how
  to aim and throw, how to solve problems and do
  things with their hands, and how to follow
  directions and rules. They also learned to be
  fair, to wait their turn, and to use their
  imaginations.

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Life in the colonies
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Colonial Homes
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Noah Websters home where he completed the
Webster dictionary